[Contact dermatitis associated with bronchial hyperreactivity in workers chronically exposed to detergents].
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The type of skin reactions which occur in commerce and industry and the causal agents are summarized.
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Three cases of allergy to Tetrachlorphthalonitril, a fungicidal wood preservative, are reported. It is stated, that in opposition to producers technical data bulletin there is some stronger toxic and sensitization capacity, which also leads to problems in diagnostic skin tests. The responsibility and problems for the practicing dermatologist facing the increasing number of new chemical products is stated.
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In Poland as compared with a number of other countries the following occur relatively more frequently: 1. Sensitivity to chromium present in leather, 2. Occupational sensitivity to epoxy resins, 3. Sensitivity to triethylenetetramine, 4. Sensitivity to turpentine and 5. Sensitivity to tetracyclines. There is a relatively less frequent occurrence of: 1. Nonoccupational sensitivity to epoxy resins, 2. Sensitivity to chromium present in tattooing pigments, clothes and timber preservatives. 3. Sensitivity in women to nickel, 4. Sensitivity to N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylediamine present in milking machines and 5. Sensitivity to neomycin.
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During the period between January 1989 and 15 April 1994 allergy to chemical compounds present in rubber was found in 51 (15%) out of 339 patients with occupational dermatitis. In this group (20 workers of the metallurgical industry, 15 health service workers, 6 workers of the building and 3 of the rubber industries, 2 farmers and 5 drivers) the frequency of allergy to 15 accelerators of the thiuram group, thiocarbamates, thiazoles as well as derivatives of diphenylguanidine and thiocarbamide was investigated. Thiurams caused over-sensitivity in 52.9% of patients, thiocarbamates in 41.2%, thiazoles in 35.3%, guanidine derivatives in 11.8% and thiocarbamide in 9.8%. In general, allergy to thiocarbamates was concomitant with allergy to thiurams (20 out of 21 patients allergic to carbamates) and over-sensitivity to thiazoles was very often parallel to allergy to thiurams (8 out of 18 patients allergic to thiazoles). Accelerators present in the rubber of protective gloves proved to be the most frequent source of allergy especially in health service workers.
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