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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Marginal leakage along Concise in relation to filling procedure.

Bacteria beneath 58 class V Concise restorations on permanent molars in vivo were registered. After an observation period of 1-4 months bacteria were found in all 13 cavities filled with Concise only, in 14 out of 15 cavities filled with resin and Concise, in 12 out of 15 acid-etched cavities with Concise only and in 8 out of 15 acid-etched cavities filled with resin and Concise. Only the difference between the two procedures: Concise only and acid + resin + Concise, was significant. The occurrence of bacteria in the dentinal tubules beneath the cavities was greatest when the cavities had been etched.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1980

Reactions of the dental pulp to microbial provocation of calcium hydroxide treated dentin.

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether treatment of dentin with calcium hydroxide reduces pulp irritation caused by microbial products. The experiment was carried out in three young monkeys. Cavities were prepared on the buccal tooth surface deep into dentin of 62 teeth. Calcium hydroxyde mixed with distilled water was placed in one group of cavities. A set of control cavities received treatment with saline soaked filter-paper discs. The calcium hydroxide dressing and the saline discs were separated from the oral cavity for a period of 14 or 60 d by a Teflon disc and a layer of zinc oxide-eugenol cement. At the end of these periods the content of each cavity was removed and substituted by lyophilized material from cultivated plaque bacteria. After 3 d of exposure the monkeys were killed and the teeth subjected to histologic treatment. Assessments made in the light microscope revealed that pulps subjacent to calcium hydroxide-treated dentin in the majority of cases showed no or only slight infiltrates of inflammatory cells. In controls, 13 out of 22 pulps showed severe inflammatory cell infiltrates or total pulp tissue necrosis. It was concluded that treatment of dentin with calcium hydroxide may reduce the possibility for bacterial components to cause pulp tissue damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of therapeutic and pulp protecting materials on nerve transmission in vitro.

Effects of therapeutic and pulp protecting dental materials on nervous tissue were studied in an in vitro model utilizing the isolated left rat phrenic nerve. The nerve was placed in a buffer bath between two suction electrodes, one for electrical stimulation and one for recording. Evoked compound action potentials (cAP) were monitored in an oscilloscope. Fresh mixes of six commonly used pulp-dentin materials were placed in contact with the nerve, and the cAP registered. Formocresol, zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), Calasept and Dycal caused a complete depression of the nerve activity within 0.5 to 5 min of contact. The depression appeared irreversible with Formocresol and Calasept, reversible with Dycal, and reversible with ZOE when applied to nerves surrounded by adherent fatty tissue. De Trey Zinc and Durelon caused only a minor depression of the cAP within 30 min of contact.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

Aluminum oxalate/glycine solutions as pretreatment in the Gluma bonding system.

Dentin and enamel surfaces were treated with solutions of aluminum oxalate (AO), the pH of which was adjusted by glycine. Gluma as well as an enamel bonding agent were applied to the surfaces before the placement of a composite resin. On shear bond testing, there was obtained a strong adhesion that was influenced by the pH of the AO solutions. Dentin and enamel specimens for examination by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also prepared and treated as above. Enamel specimens showed a very definite etching pattern, and on the dentin surfaces a precipitate was observed. The amount of this product seemed to decrease as the pH increased.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1995

Influence of light intensity on polymerization shrinkage and integrity of restoration-cavity interface.

The results of this study showed that the use of high intensity curing light units negatively affected the integrity of the restoration-cavity interface in class V restorations This is explained by the high reaction rates of light curing resin composites. The interfacial integrity was better preserved with low light intensity as it extends the visco-elastic stage of the setting materials, thereby moderating the setting stress development. The ultimate polymerization shrinkages for both conditions were equal, which suggested equal degrees of conversion and thus equal material properties. The results may alleviate the trend in using higher intensity light curing units and in particular the development of units with laser beams in an attempt to further increase conversion rates.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed2004

Dentin adhesion and microleakage of a resin-based calcium phosphate pulp capping and basing cement.

An experimental resin-based bioactive calcium phosphate cement, intended as a pulp capping and basing material, was evaluated for dentin shear bond strength and microleakage. The interfacial morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For microleakage, dentin cavities without (Group A) or after (Group B) acid etching were restored with the calcium phosphate cement. A resin-based calcium hydroxide (VLC Dycal; Group C) was used as control material according to the manufacturer's instructions. After water storage and thermocycling, the microleakage was scored using a AgNO(3) staining procedure. For the shear bond strength, flat exposed dentin surfaces were treated as for the microleakage test. Metal irises pressed against the dentin surface were filled with the cements, which were photocured. Both tests were carried out after 1 wk. While acid etching did not result in significantly greater microleakage, it led to higher shear bond strength, and allowed, as shown by SEM, the formation of a hybrid layer and resin tags. Both groups treated with the calcium phosphate cement had significantly lower microleakage scores and higher mean shear bond strength values than the groups treated with the control material.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2006

Class II restorations: influence of a liner with rubbery qualities on the occurrence and size of cervical gaps.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of new rubbery liners, used as a cervical increment, to relieve contraction stress and thereby reduce the formation of cervical gaps in class II composite restorations. The investigated liners were made of polyester-acrylate (PE(1), PE(2) or PE(3)) or silicone-acrylate (S), mixed with UDMA, without (A, B, C, D) or with HEMA (AH, BH, CH, DH). A silanized filler was added to the mixture, DH, to give composites with 20, 40, 60, and 70% (w/w) of filler (DHF20, DHF40, DHF60, DHF70, respectively). The presence and width of cervical gaps were determined using a light microscope. Statistical analysis showed that six of the 12 rubbery liners (AH-DH, DHF20-DHF40) significantly decreased gap formation in comparison with the control group. In addition, the polymerization shrinkage, flow, and strain capacity of these liners were measured and the influence of these factors on gap formation was examined. Two- and three-dimensional regression analyses showed significantly negative linear correlations between gap formation and strain capacity, and between gap formation and flow, and a significantly positive linear correlation between gap formation and shrinkage.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1989

The alkalizing properties of calcium hydroxide compounds.

Calcium hydroxide compounds are available in various forms, such as in aqueous suspensions or as cements, liners, pastes or filled resins. When such compounds are exposed to water, the calcium hydroxide dissociates and the pH value shifts to the basic. In this study the compounds Pulpdent, Dycal, Hydroxyline, Gangraena Merz and Prisma VLC-Dycal were subjected to analysis, including quantitative measurement of the amount and the chronological course of ion release following exposure to water, qualitative analysis of the alkalizing effects at the dentin surface and examination of antimicrobial properties. The results showed that calcium hydroxide compounds differed greatly. The strongest degree of ion release, combined with definite antimicrobial properties, was found for the aqueous calcium hydroxide suspension (Pulpdent). The cement (Dycal) demonstrated significantly weaker activity. The liner and the paste (Hydroxyline and Gangraena Merz), as well as the calcium hydroxide filled resin (Prisma VLC-Dycal), were largely lacking in both ion release and antimicrobial properties under the experimental conditions.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1989

Pulpal response to an anhydrous glass ionomer luting cement.

This investigation was designed to study the pulpal responses to Aquacem, an anhydrous glass ionomer luting cement, and to compare the results with those previously obtained for a conventional glass ionomer luting cement, Chembond. The study was carried out according to the BSI (1980) recommendations for testing restorative materials in vivo. Aquacem caused more pulpal inflammation than the control material, Kalzinol, though by an indirect mechanism. The statistical model demonstrated a significant association between bacterial presence within the experimental cavity and pulpal inflammation. The type of restorative material has no direct association with the degree of inflammation, but the model suggests that it exerts an indirect influence via its antibacterial properties and hence its influence on microbial microleakage.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of clinical performance of twelve posterior composite resins with a standardized placement technique.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate 12 posterior composite resins with a standard clinical placement technique that could be followed in a practice setting. Important points stressed are the use of rubber dam, care taken to detail on manufacturer's directions, incremental placement technique, and a standard finishing technique. Sixty-one Class II restorations were placed by a single operator. All of the restorations were evaluated at baseline, one and three years using the modified Ryge criteria. Indirect evaluation of wear was completed for each restoration using Leinfelder's technique. Two percent of the restorations at 1 year and 17 percent at 3 years were not clinically acceptable.

Bicuspid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of the tenure dentin bonding system on leakage of light-activated liners.

This study investigated the effect of the Tenure dentin bonding system on the sealing properties of four light-activated liners. Dentinal slot preparations were made in extracted human molars and "restored" with Cavalite, TimeLine, VLC Dycal, and Zionomer liners. Samples were immersed in 0.05 percent crystal violet solution for 2 hours, then embedded in clear casting resin, sectioned, and examined with an optical microscope. Our results indicated that the Tenure dentin bonding system reduced dye penetration around each of the light-activated liners tested. The Tenure/VLC Dycal system provided a more effective seal than the other liners.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro tensile bond strengths of amalgam to treated dentin.

Since amalgam traditionally relies on undercuts in the tooth preparation for retention, extensive tooth structure must be removed for amalgam core build-ups. In contrast, the ideal build-up material would achieve its retention by directly bonding to tooth structure. This study compared tensile bond strengths of amalgam to dentin using All-Bond Liner-FX with three different dentin pretreatment conditions and Amalgambond according to the manufacturer's directions. One hundred and twenty dentin samples were tested. Groups 1-3 used All-Bond Liner-FX as a bonding agent. Group 1 received a 15-second application of 10 percent phosphoric acid on the dentin; Group 2 received the recommended dentin conditioner; and Group 3 received no dentin pretreatment. Group 4 used Amalgambond as the bonding agent after a 10-second application of 10 percent citric acid/3 percent ferric chloride. Analysis of the data was conducted using both ANOVA and the Weibull statistic. Results of the analysis of variance indicate that there were no statistical differences among mean tensile bond strengths for the three dentin pretreatment conditions using All-Bond. All (30) of the Amalgambond specimens debonded prior to testing. The All-Bond fracture data was well described by the Weibull function as evidenced by the high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.98-0.99). Fracture analysis indicated that all of the Amalgambond failures were adhesive at the Amalgambond-amalgam interface. All-Bond fractures were mixed cohesive/adhesive failures indicating similar bonding to amalgam and dentin.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microleakage between composite resin and basing materials.

This study investigated the microleakage between a composite resin restorative material and six basing materials. Cavities were prepared in polymerized composite resin samples and "restored" with Cavitec, Life, Ketac-Bond, BaseLine, Cavalite, and VLC Dycal. The samples were thermocycled and immersed in 0.05 percent crystal violet solution for 2 hours, then embedded in clear casting resin, sectioned and examined with an optical microscope. Our results indicated that Cavalite and VLC Dycal allowed no dye penetration. Cavitec and Life had a moderate degree of dye penetration and Ketac-Bond and BaseLine had a relatively high degree of penetration.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microleakage evaluation in amalgam restorations used with bases.

Marginal leakage in amalgam restorations often precedes the development of secondary caries. One potential way to improve the marginal seal of such restorations, and thus minimize the risk of caries development, is to apply a glass-ionomer base prior to amalgam placement. This study compared microleakage resistance among amalgam restorations placed with and without light-cured glass-ionomer base materials. Preparations were made in extracted human molar teeth. Four groups were studied, including copal varnish, which was used as a control. All specimens were restored with amalgam. Results indicated significantly greater leakage at the cavity wall/base interface for restorations with a copal varnish cavity liner than for those with a glass-ionomer base. Leakage differences among bases were also found at the amalgam/base interface. Best results were obtained with a dual-cure resin-based system. These samples showed minimal leakage at both the cavity wall/base and the base/amalgam interfaces. These findings suggest that light-cured glass-ionomer bases can be effective in the prevention of microleakage in amalgam restorations.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Addition of fresh amalgam to existing amalgam utilizing various adhesive liners: a SEM study.

The purpose of this study was to observe the interfaces between (1) dentin and amalgam and (2) freshly placed amalgam and existing amalgam using various adhesive liners. Specimens were randomly assigned to four equal groups for liner placement: Group I--control, no liner used; Group II--copal varnish; Group III--4-META adhesive; Group IV--dentin bonding agent. After liner placement and amalgam replacement, specimens set for 24 hours and were then thermocycled in 0.5% basic Fuchsin dye, sectioned, and SEM analyses performed. Microgaps appeared in a disjointed fashion at the interface between freshly placed and existing amalgam. The 4-META adhesive appeared to establish a bond between amalgam and tooth structure and, thus, diminished the microgap between amalgam and dentin.

Composite Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microleakage between glass-ionomer cement and composite resins.

This study investigated the microleakage between glass-ionomer cement and Silux or Herculite with and without Scotchbond 2. Cavities were prepared in polymerized composite resin samples and "restored" with a glass ionomer cement with and without Scotchbond 2. The samples were thermocycled and immersed in 0.05% crystal violet solution for 2 hours, then embedded in clear casting resin, sectioned, and examined with an optical microscope. The results indicated that a high degree of dye penetration was found in samples of GC and Silux, and GC and Herculite without Scotchbond 2. The use of Scotchbond 2 significantly reduced the degree of dye penetration, but did not completely eliminate dye penetration.

Analysis of Variance↗