Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CHOLELITHIASIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Studies on cefotaxime (HR 756) concentration in human biliary tract and clinical effect for acute or subacute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis (author's transl)].

A new antibiotic drug of cephalosporin with marked resistance to beta-lactamase, cefotaxime (HR 756) for parenteral use in 8 patients with acute or subacute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis. Cefotaxime was administrated by intravenous injection or drip infusion at a daily dose of 1-4 g. Clinical response was excellent in 1 case, good in 7 cases, and fair or poor was none. Clinical adverse effect was not recognized. Cefotaxime in a dose of 1 g was given intravenously during operation to those same 8 patients. Tissue specimens of different places were taken from removed organs. The materials of A-bile and B-bile were subsequently taken at intervals. Determination of cefotaxime concentration was performed according to the bioassay method with Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 strain. Cefotaxime concentrations in the A-bile increased gradually until 1 hour after the intravenous administration. Cefotaxime was observed in the B-bile through the gallbladder wall after the intravenous injection.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Gray-scale ultrasound B-scanning in case of cholelithiasis, especially with negative cholecystoradiogram (author's transl)].

Report on the accuracy of gray-scale B-scanning concerning cholelithiasis. In 37 cases out of 43 examined patients sonographical results could be compared to operative and radiological results. In the case of 20 patients with a negative cholecystangiogram the results of sonography could be compared to operative results. Sonographically the gallbladder was shown in 89% of the cases. Gallstones were diagnosed at a high percentage (sensitivity 80%, specificity 88%). There were 20% false-negative diagnoses and 13% false-positive diagnoses.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1978

[Therapy for cholelithiasis].

It is recommended that elective cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis be performed right away after the first colic. This decreases the operative mortality to 0.3-1.0%. 2. The occurrence of local complications leads to a ten-fold increase in mortality. 3. Patients with gallstones but without symptoms should be operated during their 5th decade of life because half of these patients will later on develop serious symptoms and 25% even critical local complications requiring surgery. Operative mortality in the old age group, however, is considerably higher at 7-20%. 4. The acute cholecystitis should nowadays be treated by surgeons because early operation usually results in an operative mortality of as low as 1-1.5%. 5. The postoperative treatment of choice for residual common duct stones is either chemical dissolution via the T-tube extraction via the T-tube canal or endoscopic retrograde extraction of the stone after papillotomy. A reoperation is indicated only in the rare event that these methods should fail.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Viscosity of duodenal juice examined in patients with excretory pancreas insufficiency by the pancreocymin secretin test compared to a control group and patients with cholelithiasis.

The viscosity of duodenal juice obtained during the pancreocymin secretin test from patients with excretory pancreas insufficiency was significantly higher compared to the viscosity of duodenal secretions from a control group or from patients with gall bladder stones. Since the viscosity was inversely related to the total volume as well as the bicarbonate and trypsin concentrations, it is concluded that the increased viscosity is due to a reduction in the secretory activity of the pancreas. The viscosity measurements found for patients with cholelithiasis reflects merely the higher viscosity of the gall bladder bile.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Supraduodenal choledochoduodenal anastomosis in treating cholelithiasis].

In the recent years the number of patients with cholelithiasis has been increasing. The absolute majority of the patients are admitted to hospitals for urgent indications. Elderly patients with long histories, complications and concomitant diseases prevail. Not only the disease but complications as well must be exactly diagnosed. On the basis of the experience with 1298 operations on biliary ducts (178 of them subjected to choledochoduodenal anastomosis) the authors have determined the following indications for choledochoduodenal anastomosis: choledocholithiasis and dilated bile duct over 1,5 cm in diameter, cleavage of concrements in the bile duct, uncertainty of complete sanitation of the dilated duct and constricted terminal end of the choledochus with a concomitant pancreatitis. A one-row suture and the Yurash-Vinogradov method of choledochoduodenal anastomosis are preferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cholelithiasis in Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Only one instance of Dubin-Johnson syndrome associated with cholelithiasis has been reported. We present one additional patient, a 30 year old man with Dubin-Johnson syndrome in whom pancreatitis and cholecystitis, secondary to cholesterol gallstones, developed. A possible cause for the lithogenicity of the bile in the Dubin-Johnson syndrome is considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cholecystitis: its occurrence with cholelithiasis associated with a non-01 Vibrio cholerae.

A 28-year-old pregnant woman was brought to the hospital complaining of epigastric pain. An exploratory laparotomy revealed acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis, and a cholecystectomy was performed. A Gran-negative rod grew from a culture of gallbladder material. The isolate exhibited biochemical reactions consistent with Vibrio cholerae, while failing to agglutinate in Vibrio 0 group 1 antisera.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy, and cancer: a case-control study in Sweden.

To study the relationship between gallstone disease (cholelithiasis and cholecystectomy) and cancer, a case-control study was performed in two Swedish hospitals comparing the prevalence of gallstone disease discovered at necropsy in 1422 subjects who died of cancer and 1205 subjects who did not die of cancer. Gallstone disease was more prevalent in the group of 131 women less than 50 yr of age who died of various cancers: odds ratio = 2.2, p less than 0.01. When the analysis was restricted to 89 younger women who died of cancers that have been suggested to be related to diet (breast, reproductive system, gastrointestinal), the results became more significant: odds ratio = 3.3, p less than 0.001. No such relationship was detected in older women or in men of any age. It seems likely that gallstone disease and several common cancers in younger Swedish women share similar epidemiologic and perhaps metabolic features.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cholelithiasis in four horses.

Four cases of cholelithiasis in horses were reviewed. Two horses were examined because of recurrent abdominal pain. Clinical laboratory data, results of physical examination, and history indicated biliary obstruction. In 1 case, B-mode ultrasonography aided in the diagnosis, which was confirmed at necropsy. In 2 horses, the biliary calculi were incidental necropsy findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Hemoglobin SD disease associated with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in pregnancy.

A black multipara was shown, by hemoglobin electrophoresis, to have hemoglobin SD disease. The patient exhibited a typically mild anemia that probably was secondary to folate and iron deficiencies as well as to hemoglobinopathic hemolysis. The course of her pregnancy was complicated by pyelonephritis and hyposthenuria, both of which have been reported in association with hemoglobin SD disease in pregnancy. The patient also was shown to have acute cholecystitis probably superimposed on a chronic cholelithiasis. This latter complication was probably the result of hemolysis due to hemoglobin SD disease. The patient was treated medically with good results, and, despite poor compliance and heroin addiction, delivered a viable infant at term.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cholelithiasis in childhood and adolescence. A review.

Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis are uncommon in childhood and adolescence. Misconceptions as to the aetiology, natural history, diagnosis, and therapy of these conditions prompted us to review our experience. Nineteen patients ranging in age from 7 to 18 years underwent cholecystectomy for gallstones at the University of Illinois Hospital, Chicago, between June 1970 and June 1979. Seventeen patients were female and 2 male (ratio 8.5:1). The cause was unknown in 12 patients (63%) but in 7 patients (37%) haematological disease was the underlying disorder. The most common presenting symptom (95%) was vague right upper quadrant or epigastric pain, often ignored or mistaken for peptic ulcer pain. Oral cholecystography demonstrated gallstones in 15 of 16 patients. Ultrasonography, used more recently, was positive in 3 patients intra-operative cholangiography in 12 patients, and common duct exploration in 1 additional patient, failed to demonstrate calculi. No patients were readmitted for recurrent or retained biliary calculi after cholecystectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Influence of norethindrone on lipid metabolism and cholelithiasis in rabbits.

Rabbits were fed a purified ration containing 15% lard and were killed and examined at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks. One group (group II) was given (treated) norethindrone in the ration (10 mg/kg of ration). There were no treatment effects noted on hepatic weight, percentages of dry matter and ether extract in liver, and hepatic cholesterol concentrations; however, there were some changes in the hepatic fatty acid percentages at some observation times. The occurrence and severity of cholelithiasis were not influenced by the treatment, but gallstone formation was pronounced in the 2 groups (ration alone, ration with added norethindrone) by the 4th weeks. The thoracic aorta did not reveal treatment effects as to weight and percentages of dry matter and ether extract, but the aortic cholesterol concentration was greater in the nontreated group than in the group fed the ration with the added norethindrone. Increased thoracic aortic weights were noted in both groups by the 4th week. Examinations and analyses of the adipose deposits forming the kidney pads did not reveal influences of time or treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cholelithiasis in sickle cell anemia: surgical or medical management.

Cholelithasis was diagnosed in 40 of 100 consecutive patients with sickle cell anemia treated in the emergency room. Incidence apparently was not related to sex or degree of reticulocytosis, but did increase with age and perhaps was greater in patients with lower percentage of hemoglobin F and more complications of their hemoglobinopathy. Cholelithiasis was not unusual in children less than 11 years old. No major surgical complications were noted during 29 elective cholecystectomies, but urgent cholecystectomy, performed for real or suspected acute cholecystitis in seven patients, resulted in multiple major postoperative problems. With the low morbidity of elective procedures, as well as simplification of subsequent abdominal pain crisis management, elective cholecystectomy in patients with stable sickle cell conditions is recommended. Surgery during sickle cell crises or acute cholecystitis, with the attendant increased morbidity, should be avoided.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Our experience with the surgical treatment of cholelithiasis].

The treatment results in 312 patients with cholelithiasis, covering the period 1989 to 1993, are retrospectively analyzed. Overall postoperative lethality amounts to 4.4 per cent. The obtained results are fully comparable in terms of both missed concrements left behind within the extrahepatic bile ducts, and in terms of postoperative complications, associated with the indications for choledochotomy. This is attributed to the therapeutic approach algorithm adopted with respect to the indications for intraoperative cholangiography and choledochotomy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cholelithiasis in children: observations on a further case and the technique of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a child].

A new case of gallstone in a child, with non apparent predisposing condition, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy is reported. The importance of considering cholelithiasis in children with abdominal pain as well as the value of ultrasonography in diagnosis is stressed. The technique of laparoscopic cholecystectomy modified for pediatric patients and its benefits (decreased pain and ileus after surgery, shortened hospitalization and improved cosmesis) are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Hyperplastic innervation of vasoactive intestinal peptide in human gallbladder with cholelithiasis.

The vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) immunoreactive nerve fibres in the gallbladder from 14 human patients with cholelithiasis was examined by immunohistochemical method. In the chronic cholecystitis, hyperplastic VIP immunoreactive nerves were observed around the hypertrophied muscle bundles, Rokitansky Aschoff Sinus and in the mucosal layer. However, in the acute cholecystitis and gangrenous cholecystitis, reduction or disappearance of VIP nerve fibres was observed. These reductions or disappearances of VIP immunoreactive nerves may secondly result from severe tissue damage. These results suggest that hyperplastic VIP nerves cause gallbladder relaxation, stasis and mucosal fluid unbalance, which may closely correlate to gallstone formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cholelithiasis following subtotal gastric resection with truncal vagotomy.

Subtotal gastrectomy with bilateral truncal vagotomy is a good operation for peptic ulcer disease. Recurrence rates are low, and diarrhea and dumping are usually tolerable. The development of gallstones following this procedure, however, has become more problematic in that further opeation becomes a real necessity. In two groups of patients having undergone a standardized subtotal gastrectomy, with and without truncal vagotomy, only 6 per cent of the patients with resection alone had biliary calculi develop. This is consistent with the incidence of gallstone formation in the normal population. However, in the group undergoing resection with bilateral vagotomy, 21 per cent had gallstones develop which were detected by ultrasonography or oral cholecystography and confirmed at operation. This suggests that cholelithiasis following truncal vagotomy is a long term complication which must be recognized and, unless otherwise indicated, requires an additional surgical procedure. Only when results of long term follow-up studies verify the therapeutic effectiveness of such operations as highly selective or parietal cell vagotomy without drainage will a more physiologically sound operation be within our grasp.

Cholecystectomy↗
PubMed1995

Hormonal control of cholesterol cholelithiasis in the female hamster.

Male golden Syrian hamsters from Sasco form cholesterol gallstones when fed a lithogenic diet; in contrast, female hamsters are resistant to stones when fed the identical diet. Upon addition of the synthetic androgen, methyl-testosterone, to the diet, the incidence of cholesterol gallstones in female hamsters increased from 0% to 40% after 3 weeks and from 0% to 86% after 6 weeks. Cholesterol cholelithiasis remained high in the males. Biliary cholesterol and phospholipid levels were elevated in the females fed the hormone and approached those of the males. The cholesterol saturation of bile in the females increased from 36% to 75% after 3 weeks and from 54% to 109% after 6 weeks. In addition, an appreciable proportion of the cholesterol in the bile of female hamsters was now present in the form of vesicles. The bile acid composition was significantly altered by methyltestosterone even though the total bile acid concentration did not change; the bile acid composition of the female hamsters approached that of the males. The glycine to taurine ratio of the bile acids was drastically reduced by methyltestosterone in the females and to a lesser extent in males. In summary, in female hamsters the addition of methyltestosterone to the lithogenic diet induced cholesterol gallstones, elevated total biliary phospholipid and cholesterol, altered the bile acid composition, and changed the distribution of cholesterol from micelles to vesicles. The data obtained so far do not enable us to define the precise mechanism of action of methyltestosterone.

Animals↗