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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

ANF receptors: distribution and regulation in central and peripheral tissues.

Atrial natriuretic factor is a recently-discovered family of biologically active peptides produced in, stored and secreted by mammalian atria. ANF exerts a wide variety of actions in the periphery as well as within the central nervous system. In general, these actions are directed toward the maintenance of body fluid and electrolyte balance and regulation of arterial blood pressure. In a fashion similar to that of many other hormonal systems, the actions of ANF in various target tissues appear to be mediated by at least one class of specific receptors. However, while the biosynthesis and biological actions of ANF have been extensively investigated, little research has been focused on ANF receptor systems. In this article, we will provide an overview of current literature regarding the distribution and binding characteristics of receptor sites for ANF in peripheral and central target tissues. In addition, we will consider factors involved in the regulation and alteration of ANF receptor sites in various tissues. Finally, a brief discussion of the emerging concept of ANF and angiotensin II as mutual antagonists in body fluid homeostasis and cardiovascular regulation will be offered.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Fine structural evidence of degeneration in supraoptic nucleus and subfornical organ of rats with lesions in the anteroventral third ventricle.

Lesions of the tissue surrounding the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) alter mechanisms controlling body fluid homeostasis and hemodynamics. A period of adipsia and impaired antidiuresis follows AV3V destruction, which causes lesioned animals to become severely dehydrated. In lesioned rats, mechanisms maintaining water balance appear to be refractory to angiotensin and osmotic stimuli. To further investigate the neural basis for the observed alterations in body fluid balance, the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and subfornical organ (SFO) of rats with adipsia-producing lesions in the AV3V were examined by electron microscopy. In SONs of lesioned rats, degenerating fibers and terminals were present. Degenerating axonal terminals were seen in both axodendritic and axoaxonal synapses on magnocellular neurosecretory cells. These affected terminals in the SONs of lesioned rats may arise from osmoreceptors and angiotensin receptors which have somas or fibers in the lesioned area. Some fibers containing neurosecretory granulated vesicles also underwent degeneration. Neuronal somas displaying retrograde degenerative changes were present in SFOs after AV3V lesions. Degenerating fibers, some of which may be fibers of passage through the SFO, were common. However, little evidence of degenerative changes was seen in axon terminals in the SFOs. The evidence that lesions in the AV3V damaged an efferent projection field of the SFO is discussed in light of reports that AV3V lesions destroy responses in which the SFO is believed to participate.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Anteroventral wall of the third ventricle and dorsal lamina terminalis: headquarters for control of body fluid homeostasis?

1. The subfornical organ, median preoptic nucleus and the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) are a series of structures situated in the anterior wall of the third ventricle and form the lamina terminalis. The OVLT and ventral part of the median preoptic nucleus are part of a region known as the anteroventral third ventricle region. 2. Data from many laboratories, using techniques ranging from lesions, electrophysiology, neuropharmacology, Fos expression, immunohistochemistry and receptor localization, indicate that the tissue in the lamina terminalis plays a major role in many aspects of body fluid and electrolyte balance. 3. The subfornical organ and OVLT lack the blood-brain barrier and detect alterations in plasma tonicity and the concentrations of circulating hormones such as angiotensin II and possibly atrial natriuretic peptide and relaxin. 4. This information is then integrated within the lamina terminalis (probably in the median preoptic nucleus) with neural signals from other brain regions. The neural output from the lamina terminalis is distributed to a number of effector sites including the paraventricular (both parvo- and magno-cellular parts) and supraoptic nuclei and influences vasopressin secretion, water drinking, salt intake, renin secretion, renal sodium excretion and cardiovascular regulation.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed2000

Compositional and microstructural changes of engineered plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings on Ti6Al4V substrates during incubation in protein-free simulated body fluid.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings engineered for maximum surface roughness (coating type I), porosity (coating type II), and tensile adhesion strength (coating type III) were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) onto Ti6Al4V substrates and characterized for their microstructure, phase composition, and design properties. The composition of the as-sprayed coatings changed during treatment with protein-free simulated body fluid (Hank's Balanced Salt Solution, HBSS) for up to 12 weeks by preferential dissolution of thermal decomposition products, and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). From solutions supersaturated with respect to calcium and phosphorus ions, a thin, very porous layer precipitated onto the leached surfaces of coating type II samples after an incubation time of 8 weeks, consisting of spherical agglomerates of a poorly crystallized bone-like Ca-deficient defect hydroxyapatite that is thought to accelerate in vivo bone apposition rates and, hence, may induce favorable osseoconductive conditions.

Adhesiveness↗