Henri Hallopeau (1842-1919).
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Five patients having the "eruptive form" of Carrion's disease were found to have bacteria in the fine fibrillar interstitium of the verrugas. Features suggesting phagocytosis of the organisms by the verruga cells were observed. The bacteria are probably Bartonella because they are similar to Bartonella that parasitize red blood cells in the hematic phase of the disease. It is likely that after the hematic phase, unknown mechanisms, probably related to immunity, drive Bartonella organisms to the skin where they are destroyed and eliminated in the verrucous tissue. This suggests that verrucous tissue develops in order to eliminate Bartonella during the tissue phase of the disease.
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In a colony of Golden hamsters, many animals were found to show signs of "wet tail", and spontaneous deaths occurred during two months. With this outbreak of wet tail and death, etiologic and pathologic studies were made on 11 cases supplied from the colony. Gross pathologic examination disclosed hemorrhagic enteritis in 10 and necrotic foci in the liver in 5 out of 10 cases examined. A number of bacilli morphologically suggestive of Tyzzer's organisms were detected on smears of cut surfaces of the affected intestines and livers. After inoculation with homogenate of the intestines from the moribund cases into hamsters by oral route, the same clinical manifestations as observed in spontaneous cases were reproduced, and the inoculated animals died in 10 to 14 days with numerous Tyzzer's organisms in their intestines and livers. When apparently healthy hamsters were introduced into contaminated cages with soiled bedding which were allowed to stand at room temperature for about 2 months, most of them developed signs of wet tail and died in 5 to 19 days having liver necrosis characteristic of Tyzzer's disease.
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