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PubMed1980

A court-mandated workshop for adolescent children of divorcing parents: a program evaluation.

This article provides a description and an empirical evaluation of a predivorce workshop established by the Family Court of Allen County, Indiana, for adolescent children (N = 48) of divorcing parents. Highlighted are the concerns of the adolescents, the approaches taken by the workshop staff, and the impact of the program on the participants. Viewpoints on the clinical, ethical, and legal issues involved in "required" predivorce counseling for adolescents are presented. The preventive nature of the program, its means of transforming initial resentment toward the workshop experience into positive feelings, and the implications for future practice and research are also discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1980

Workshop on the role of psychophysics and physiological optics in ophthalmic diagnosis and patient evaluation. Bethesda, Md, September 19--20, 1976.

This article summarizes the proceedings of a workshop which explored new ideas and technology in optics and psychophysics which might be directed toward the diagnosis of retinal diseases and abnormalities of the visual nervous system. The workshop attempted to initiate an interaction between laboratory scientists and clinicians that would allow them to evaluate which techniques in psychophysics and physiological optics were ready for clinical exploration. Workshop participants examined four broad clinical areas toward which this technology might be directed: (1) localization of anomalies in disorders of the retina; (2) evaluation of patients with common eye diseases; (3) prevention of visual disorders and optimization of visual functions, and (4) acquisition of normative data. Whithin these four broad areas, a number of specific diagnostic applications of psychophysical and optical measurement methods were discussed. Participants also discussed mechanisms by which the National Eye Institute might coordinate laboratory and clinical research in this field.

Child↗
PubMed1994

An evaluation of workshop approach in research manpower development.

Effectiveness of organised training workshop on research methodology was assessed by administering pre and post-test questionnaire and analysis of the responses. A structured questionnaire containing 13 propositions, each having three options were used both for pre and post testing. Issues raised in the questionnaire relate to the rules, tools and techniques of biomedical research. The participants mean score for 5 days, 15 days and 30 days groups were 5,82; 7,33 and 5,41 respectively before the workshop. The corresponding scores after the workshop were 7,17; 9,42 and 8,67 respectively. The post-test scores were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than the pre-test scores and indicated that improvement in the participants' knowledge on research methodology had taken place.

Educational Status↗
PubMed1994

The impact of a grief workshop for pediatric oncology nurses on their grief and perceived stress.

Coping with the death of a pediatric patient with whom the nurses has developed a close relationship is reported by nurses as the most stressful experience of being a pediatric nurse. Such losses are inevitable for a pediatric nurse regardless of subspecialty and can contribute to a nurse leaving the specialty or the discipline. To prevent those consequences, nurses' grief needs to be acknowledged, and their grieving needs to be facilitated. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a grief workshop on grief symptoms and perceived stress in two groups of pediatric oncology nurses who differed in years of experience in the specialty. Study findings indicated that the workshop affected the two groups differently, with the more experienced nurses reporting significantly higher stress levels after the workshop than did the less experienced nurses. Study findings are interpreted and recommendations for future work are offered.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Orientation for new teachers. Workshop on clinical teaching skills.

Since 1987, McGill University's Department of Family Medicine has invited new faculty to an orientation workshop. Workshop topics cover learning agreements and principles of adult learning, effective teaching methods, and feedback and evaluation. Workshop methods aim to promote active participation and experiential learning.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1993

Use of Race and Ethnicity in Public Health Surveillance. Summary of the DC/ATSDR workshop. Atlanta, Georgia, March 1-2, 1993.

Improvement of the health of racial and ethnic minority populations is a priority for CDC and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Information on race and ethnicity is a critical element in public health surveillance efforts. To address this issue, CDC and the ATSDR conducted a 2-day workshop, "The Use of Race and Ethnicity in Public Health Surveillance," held in Atlanta on March 1-2, 1993. Workshop participants included CDC and ATSDR professional staff and invited experts from academia and the private sector. Objectives of the workshop were to: Describe the current measures of race and ethnicity and their use in public health surveillance at CDC/ATSDR. Assess the epidemiologic basis of the use of race and ethnicity in surveillance for planning, operation, and evaluation of public health programs at CDC/ATSDR. Propose better use of existing measures for race and ethnicity or to identify alternative measures.

Ethnicity↗
PubMed1993

A commentary on in vivo lead X-ray fluorescence with reference to the 1992 workshop.

One of the main purposes of this Commentary is to respond to some of the issues raised in a Summary by Todd et al. (1993) of the 1992 Workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences on X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), as it contains apparently undocumented claims for K-Line XRF (KXRF) techniques and understates the efficacy and clinical research results of the L-Line XRF (LXRF) technique (Rosen et al., 1989; Rosen et al., 1991). This Commentary presents a point of view concerning the Workshop that is different in several respects from that published by Todd, Landrigan and Bloch (Todd et al., 1993). As two of the three co-developers of the L-Line XRF (LXRF) technique, we wish to draw the following information to the attention of readers of Neurotoxicology, some of which was published before the Workshop took place and some of which has been published subsequently (Rosen et al., 1993; Rosen and Markowitz, 1993; Markowitz et al., 1993).

Environmental Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Estimation of the rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission: methodological problems and current estimates. Report of 2 study workshops (Ghent, Belgium, 17-20 February 1992 and 3-5 September 1993).The International Study Group on mother-child transmission of HIV].

In the last eight years, numerous cohort studies have been conducted to estimate the rate of mother-to-child (MTC) transmission of HIV. Many of these have faced problems in data collection and analysis. This made it difficult to compare transmission rates (TRs) between studies. Two workshops on methodological aspects of the study of MTC transmission of HIV-1 were held in Ghent (Belgium) in February 1992 and September 1993. Fourteen teams of investigators participated, representing studies from Central (5) and Eastern Africa (3), Europe (2), Haiti (1) and the USA (3). A critical evaluation of the projects was carried out, under four headings: 1) enrollment and follow-up procedures, 2) diagnostic criteria and case definitions, 3) measurement and comparison of MTC TRs and 4) determinants of transmission. Reported TRs ranged from 13 to 32% in industrialized countries and from 25 to 48% in developing countries. However, no direct comparisons could be made because methods of calculation differed from study to study. Based on this review, a common methodology was developed during the 1992 workshop. Agreement was reached on definitions of HIV-related signs/symptoms, paediatric Aids and HIV-related deaths. A classification system of children born to HIV-1 infected mothers according to their probable HIV infection status during the first 15 months of life allowed the elaboration of a direct method of computation of the TR and of an indirect method for studies with a comparison group of children born to HIV-seronegative mothers. This standardized approach was subsequently applied to selected data sets to update previous estimates and provide a comparison of the MTC TRs of HIV-1 in 13 different settings. TRs were calculated during the 1993 workshop by the participating teams, using the direct and indirect methods. TRs based on the intermediate estimate obtained with the direct method ranged between 12.7 and 42.1%. Estimates of TRs obtained with the indirect method ranged from 20.7 to 42.8%. TRs observed in developed countries ranged from 14 to 25% with the direct method. In the developing world, these rates ranged from 13 to 42% with the direct method, from 21 to 43% with the indirect method and most of the studies reported a TR in the range of 25 to 30%. In general, both methods provide a reasonable estimate of the true TR. The risk of MTC transmission of HIV-1 tends to be higher in children born to HIV-seropositive mothers in Africa than in Europe.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

Workshop on the X-ray fluorescence of lead in bone: conclusions, recommendations and summary.

A workshop on the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to noninvasively measure lead in bone was convened by the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and the Environmental Health Sciences Center of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. The impetus for the workshop stemmed partly from NIEHS' concern that XRF machines produced for this purpose are licensed by the Food and Drug Administration as research devices, a designation that indicates they are safe to use on people but says nothing about the precision and accuracy of the data they generate. Therefore, a major purpose of the workshop was to scientifically examine these issues in a multi-disciplinary setting, to explore the current status of XRF research employing two different XRF techniques for lead-bone measurements: K-shell and L-shell XRF spectroscopy (K-XRF, L-XRF) and to make recommendations for future research in these techniques.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Causal evaluation of impact of support workshop for HIV+ men.

A program logic model was used to design and evaluate a support workshop for men infected with HIV. The model identified three proximal outcomes leading to the ultimate goal of motivating participants to initiate ongoing support relationships. Path analysis was used to evaluate the workshop. The findings indicated the most important motivator to initiating ongoing support was the awareness among participants of the need to talk about their HIV status and risk of transmission and their feeling capable to do so. The proximal outcomes which contributed to this impact were: recognition of their own needs from listening to testimonials by others, developing awareness and skills by engaging in role plays, and learning options for discussion by participating in a sexual issues group. The workshop findings demonstrated the benefits of developing a pre-program logic model and using causal evaluation to understand factors determining impact.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Seventeenth Annual Interdisciplinary Cancer Research Workshop.

The Seventeenth Annual Interdisciplinary Cancer Research Workshop was held at the University of New Orleans on March 4, 1994. It was again sponsored by the Cancer Association of Greater New Orleans, a United Way Agency. As all the previous workshops in this highly successful series, it was organized by Peter Politzer (University of New Orleans), with the assistance of Anita H. Buckel (University of New Orleans) and James R. Jeter (Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans). The three invited speakers were Robert J. Coffey (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN), Suzanne A. W. Fuqua (University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX), and Frank M. Torti (Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC). A one-hour-discussion period in the afternoon presented ample opportunity for an exchange of ideas and research findings among the speakers and the workshop participants. James R. Jeter served as the moderator of this lively discussion session.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Cervical cancer screening: are the 1989 recommendations still valid? National Workshop on Screening for Cancer of the Cervix.

Although screening for cervical cancer has been shown to be effective in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease, and despite many attempts to encourage the development of provincial programs, as of 1995 no province had a comprehensive screening program for cervical cancer. Participants at the Interchange '95 workshop, held in Ottawa in November 1995, reviewed the recommendations of the 1989 National Workshop on Screening for Cancer of the Cervix and identified factors that have impeded their implementation. Participants discussed the need for comprehensive information systems, quality control and strategies to increase recruitment of unscreened and underscreened women. They concluded that the formation of a Cervical Cancer Prevention Network involving key stakeholders will facilitate the development and implementation of provincial programs to ensure optimal screening. They agreed that, in the interim, recommendations for practising physicians should remain as they were following the 1989 workshop.

Canada↗
PubMed1977

Guidelines for planning faculty development workshops.

As departments of family medicine succeed in recruiting faculty members from the ranks of practicing physicians and from other clinical disciplines, they are faced with the problem of how to help these new members function comfortably and effectively in their new roles as teachers, administrators and academicians. This paper addresses part of this problem by reviewing the literature on faculty development through workshops. Consistent components of effective faculty development workshops are presented as guidelines for future workshop planners.

Faculty, Medical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The National Workshop to Develop the Chiropractic Research Agenda.

OBJECTIVE: To convene a national meeting to develop a research agenda for the chiropractic profession that targets the need to increase chiropractic's research capacity. DESIGN: The project was funded by a contract between the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration Bureau of Health Professions (HRSA BHPr) and Palmer College of Chiropractic. Groundwork was established through a literature review and creation of position papers by teams of recognized authorities on the current status and recommendations for the future on the topics of clinical, educational, outcomes, basic science, and health services research and research infrastructure in chiropractic. The workshop took place July 12-14, 1996, in Washington, DC, with participants representing relevant segments of the research community of the health care professions, health professions education, health care policy, and all portions of the chiropractic community, including researchers, practitioners, faculty, administrators, and members of professional organizations. Work groups in each of the five target areas developed recommendations based on the seed material presented in the position papers. The results were incorporated into the final position papers. RESULTS: The primary outcome of the workshop was the completion of five position papers, one for each of the topics addressed. Also, a consensus process was initiated at the workshop on infrastructure needs of the profession but, because of the diversity of experience and opinions and the broad scope of the topic, was not completed by the end of the project year. CONCLUSIONS: Consensus was not reached on the development of a research agenda for the chiropractic profession, and a continuation of the contract has been agreed upon by HRSA BHPr to continue the process for another project year.

Chiropractic↗
PubMed1997

[Intra- and extramural workshop for care, teaching, and research].

Medical care and its development, education, training and research are closely linked in academic medical centres. Traditionally, hospital-based disciplines can make use of the university hospital as a 'workshop' for the combination of these activities. In the Netherlands, however, there is no structurally financed workshop for the non-hospital based medical disciplines, such as family medicine, public health medicine, and nursing home medicine. In the Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, an integrated hospital and primary health care oriented academic workshop is being developed, for all medical disciplines, including social medicine (e.g. preventive care) and general practice.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1998

Workshop report. National initiative to improve cancer survival information.

This workshop (held June 19 20, 1997, in Ottawa, Ontario) brought together major stakeholders to establish a Canadian initiative to develop systematic collection of population-based information on cancer survival. The broad goals of the workshop were to delineate the current needs regarding such data and to recommend practical mechanisms to systematically generate this information. Three key areas for discussion were identified: collection of staging data, collection of treatment data and standardized approaches to analysis. Presentations (summarized in report), designed to establish common ground for workshop discussions, provided background information on population-based collection mechanisms, data and methodology requirements for conducting meaningful cancer survival surveillance, and practical examples of using cancer survival information.

Canada↗
PubMed1998

Statistical issues for HIV surrogate endpoints: point/counterpoint. An NIAID workshop.

This paper summarizes the proceedings of an NIAID-sponsored workshop on statistical issues for HIV surrogate endpoints. The workshop brought together statisticians and clinicians in an attempt to shed light on some unresolved issues in the use of HIV laboratory markers (such as HIV RNA and CD4+ cell counts) in the design and analysis of clinical studies and in patient management. Utilizing a debate format, the workshop explored a series of specific questions dealing with the relationship between markers and clinical endpoints, and the choice of endpoints and methods of analysis in clinical studies. This paper provides the position statements from the two debaters on each issue. Consensus conclusions, based on the presentations and discussion, are outlined. While not providing final answers, we hope that these discussions have helped clarify a number of issues, and will stimulate further consideration of some of the highlighted problems. These issues will be critical in the proper assessment and use of future therapies for HIV disease.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1981

Purpose in life and occupational interest in a gerontological sheltered workshop.

Measured the concept of purpose-in-life and underlying occupational interests and aspirations of older men (N = 25) and women (N = 29) in a gerontological sheltered workshop. The relationship among the Purpose-in-Life Test, Vocational Preference Inventory, Will-to-Live scale, and demographic information, is explored. Findings, which include that the construct of purpose in life and vocational aspirations are poorly related for workshop participants, are discussed in terms of previous research.

Aged↗