Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “pathological image”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Sonography of diabetic muscle infarction with MR imaging, CT, and pathologic correlation.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to describe the sonographic findings of muscle infarction in patients with diabetes with MR imaging, CT, and pathologic correlation. CONCLUSION: Sonographic findings of diabetic muscle infarction include internal linear echogenic structures coursing through the lesion; an absence of internal motion or swirling of fluid with transducer pressure; and a lack of a predominately anechoic area. We believe that these sonographic characteristics may help differentiate diabetic muscle infarction from abscess or necrotic tumor. Additional study involving direct sonographic comparison of these entities is needed to establish the role of sonography in diagnosis of diabetic muscle infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Primary colorectal lymphoma: spectrum of imaging findings with pathologic correlation.

Primary colorectal lymphoma is a very uncommon disease; therefore, it has received little attention in the radiology literature. Moreover, imaging features of newly described pathologic subtypes have not been reported such as low-grade B-cell lymphoma arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and peripheral T-cell lymphoma that involves colorectal area. We retrospectively reviewed double-contrast barium enema and CT scans in the patients with primary colorectal lymphoma. In this article the radiologic appearances of primary colorectal lymphoma are categorized into focal lesion and diffuse lesion. Focal lesion includes polypoid mass, circumferential infiltration with smooth mucosal surface, circumferential infiltration with extensive ulceration, cavitary mass, mucosal nodularity, and mucosal fold thickening. Diffuse lesion includes diffuse ulcerative lesion and diffuse nodular lesion. Peripheral T-cell lymphomas that involve the colon manifested as either a diffuse or focal segmental lesion and showed extensive mucosal ulceration. These findings are similar to those of Crohn's disease or tuberculous colitis and are different from those of previously reported colorectal lymphoma. Low-grade B-cell lymphoma arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue manifest as multiple mucosal nodularity. The imaging features of primary colorectal lymphoma are quite variable and overlap with other colonic pathology; however, it is important for radiologists to know the imaging features of primary colorectal lymphoma with their pathologic correlation.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1994

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of arthritic pathology in the rat knee.

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to visualise the changes that occur in both soft tissue and bone during antigen-induced, monoarticular arthritis (AIMA) of the rat knee. Extensive optimisation studies were performed in order to minimise the time of the experiments and to maximise both the signal-to-noise ratio and the contrast in the MR images. The study was cross-sectional rather than longitudinal and at each of the 13 time points studied during the progression of the disease, corresponding X-radiographs and histological sections were obtained. Interpretation of the spin echo MR images was aided by the use of chemical shift-selective imaging, magnetisation transfer contrast and relaxation time experiments, as well as by correlation with the histology and X-radiography data. The MR images clearly show invasion of the synovium by an inflammatory pannus which spreads over the articular cartilage and invades the bone, leading to erosion and later remodelling. Two distinct types of bony erosion were observed: focal erosions, especially at the margins of the joint, and subchondral erosions. It is concluded that MRI provides a sensitive, non-invasive method for investigating both early-stage inflammatory changes and late-stage bony changes in the knee joints of the arthritic rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Image processing in pathology. IX. A new morphometry system and its application on gangliocytes of the nucleus olivaris.

This paper describes a new software system for automatic image processing in pathology. The system is based on the hardware NU2/ODD/PDP8 and the thereby yielded results. The effectiveness of the system esp. its velocity has been essentially improved by a significant modification of the primary data sampling and by the new implementation of feature determination. The first application of this new system concerns age-dependent alterations of the gangliocytes in the nucleus olivaris.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Digital imaging in anatomic pathology.

Advances in computer technology continue to bring new innovations to departments of anatomic pathology. This article briefly reviews the present status of digital optical imaging, and explores the directions that this technology may lead over the next several years. Technical requirements for digital microscopic and gross imaging, and the available options for image archival and retrieval are summarized. The advantages of digital images over conventional photography in the conference room, and the usefulness of digital imaging in the frozen section suite and gross room, as an adjunct to surgical signout and as a resource for training and education, are discussed. An approach to the future construction of digital histologic sections and the computer as microscope is described. The digital technologic applications that are now available as components of the surgical pathologist's workstation are enumerated. These include laboratory information systems, computerized voice recognition, and on-line or CD-based literature searching, texts and atlases and, in some departments, on-line image databases. The authors suggest that, in addition to these resources that are already available, tomorrow's surgical pathology workstation will include network-linked digital histologic databases, on-line software for image analysis and 3-D image enhancement, expert systems, and ultimately, advanced pattern recognition capabilities. In conclusion, the authors submit that digital optical imaging is likely to have a significant and positive impact on the future development of anatomic pathology.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Pulmonary aspergillosis: imaging findings with pathologic correlation.

Pulmonary involvement with Aspergillus fumigatus is varied and largely dependent on the patient's underlying pulmonary and immune status. Hypersensitivity reactions from inhalation of spores can cause acute allergic alveolitis, and bronchial colonization can cause allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). The latter is found mainly in patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis. Mycetomas develop from secondary colonization of preexisting lung cavities. Invasive and semi-invasive aspergillosis affect mostly patients with altered immune status. This essay illustrates the radiologic findings of pulmonary aspergillosis and shows the correlation between the imaging and pathologic findings.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed2005

Quinoline and benzimidazole derivatives: candidate probes for in vivo imaging of tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuropil threads, and neuritic elements of senile plaques predominantly comprise hyperphosphorylated tau protein and represent pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). These lesions occur before the presentation of clinical symptoms and correlate with the severity of dementia. In vivo detection of these lesions would thus prove useful for preclinical diagnosis of AD and for tracking disease progression. The present study introduces three novel compounds, 4-[2-(2-benzoimidazolyl)ethenyl]-N,N-diethylbenzenamine (BF-126), 2-[(4-methylamino)phenyl]quinoline (BF-158), and 2-(4-aminophenyl)quinoline (BF-170), as candidate probes for in vivo imaging of tau pathology in the AD brain. When solutions of these compounds are injected intravenously into normal mice, these agents exhibit excellent brain uptake and rapid clearance from normal brain tissue. These compounds display relatively lower binding affinity to beta-amyloid fibrils and higher binding affinity to tau fibrils, compared with previously reported probe BF-168. In neuropathological examination using AD brain sections, BF-126, BF-158, and BF-170 clearly visualize NFTs, neuropil threads, and paired helical filament-type neuritis. Autoradiography using 11C-labeled BF-158 further demonstrated labeling of NFTs in AD brain sections. These findings suggest the potential usefulness of quinoline and benzimidazole derivatives for in vivo imaging of tau pathology in AD.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics with pathological correlation of cavernous malformation in cavernous sinus.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze extracerebral cavernous malformation located in the cavernous sinus and correlate their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features to pathological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen patients (5 men and 14 women; mean age, 50.6 years; range, 32-71 years) with surgically verified cavernous malformations in the cavernous sinus were reviewed. MRI including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was carried out in all instances with a 1.5-T superconductive system (Signa; General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI). RESULTS: All these lesions measured from 2.5 cm to 6 cm (average, 4.3 cm) with 13 lesions located to the right side and 6 to the left side. Magnetic resonance images showed that 18 cases were hypointense to white matter on T1-weighted images with only one case showed mixed hypointensity and hyperintensity. On T2-weighted images, 17 cases showed marked homogeneous hyperintensity, 1 case showed marked hyperintensity with some signal void structures and 1 with mixed intensity. Marked homogeneous enhancement after contrast material administration was found in 7 cases, and the remaining 12 showed marked heterogeneous enhancement. Pathologically, these lesions can be classified as type A, type B, and type C. Type A was sponge-like with intact pseudocapsule; type B was mulberry-like with the pseudocapsule incomplete or absent; and type C was composed of both mulberry-like composition and sponge-like composition. Lesions with homogeneous contrast enhancement on MRI correlated with type A pathological findings, whereas those with heterogeneous enhancement correlated with type B and type C pathological findings. Asymmetrical dumbbell-shaped masses of 13 cases involving the sellar and round masses of 6 cases with 2 protruding into the sellar were found. All of the cavernous malformations displaced the adjacent temporal lobe without adjacent brain edema. The internal carotid arteries were displaced or encased in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: If a well-demarcated, homogeneous high signal intensity lesion on T2-weighted images with a dumbbell configuration involving both parasellar and sellar regions with marked heterogeneous or homogeneous enhancement is found, the diagnosis of cavernous sinus cavernous malformation should be entertained.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Estimation of left ventricular mass and infarct size from nitrogen-13-ammonia PET images based on pathological examination of explanted human hearts.

The purpose of this study was to develop a technique to quantify left ventricular mass and infarct size in chronic ischemic heart disease from PET images based on correlation with pathological examination of explanted human hearts. Fourteen hearts from patients with cardiomyopathy who had 13N-ammonia scans prior to orthoptic heart transplantation were studied. Accurate estimation of the relative infarct size was possible in patients with a well-delineated, nearly transmural infarct (r = 0.93, y = 1.1x - 0.7, n = 11). Both absolute and relative infarct mass measurements on PET images correlated well with pathological measurements. We identified a population of patients with patchy interstitial or subendocardial scarring with globally reduced perfusion, for which the infarct size could not be estimated using the criteria derived for the patients with well-delineated infarcts.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Imaging of articular pathology: MRI, CT, arthrography.

The purpose of this review article is to present the advantages and limitations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and arthrography for evaluating articular pathology. Techniques, patient selection, indications and contraindications for each modality are reviewed. MRI provides superior soft tissue contrast and image plane selection, making it the ideal technique for most articular abnormalities. However, obese patients and patients with certain electrical or metallic implants cannot be examined with MRI. CT provides superior detail for fine cortical bone and subtle calcifications, but lacks the soft tissue contrast provided by MRI. Arthrography is an invasive technique with minimal risk of allergy to contrast material or infection. This technique permits accurate measurement of capsular volume, allows for fluid aspiration for laboratory studies and permits injection of anesthetic and/or steroid compounds for purposes of treatment or confirming the site of the patient's pain. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and arthrography are useful techniques for evaluating articular pathology. Careful review of the clinical symptoms and patient's condition is necessary to select the most appropriate technique.

Arthrography↗
PubMed2002

Digital imaging and electronic patient records in pathology using an integrated department information system with PACS.

Picture archiving and communication systems have been widely used in radiology thus far. Owing to the progress made in digital photo technology, their use in medicine opens up further opportunities. In the field of pathology, digital imaging offers new possiblities for the documentation of macroscopic and microscopic findings. Digital imaging has the advantage that the data is permanently and readily available, independent of conventional archives. In the past, PACS was a separate entity. Meanwhile, however, PACS has been integrated in DIS, the department information system, which was also run separately in former times. The combination of these two systems makes the administration of patient data, findings and images easier. Moreover, thanks to the introduction of special communication standards, a data exchange between different department information systems and hospital information systems (HIS) is possible. This provides the basis for a communication platform in medicine, constituting an electronic patient record (EPR) that permits an interdisciplinary treatment of patients by providing data of findings and images from clinics treating the same patient. As the pathologic diagnosis represents a central and often therapy-determining component, it is of utmost importance to add pathologic diagnoses to the EPR. Furthermore, the pathologist's work is considerably facilitated when he is able to retrieve additional data from the patient file. In this article, we describe our experience gained with the combined PACS and DIS systems recently installed at the Department of Pathology, University of Magdeburg. Moreover, we evaluate the current situation and future prospects for PACS in pathology.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1993

Pathologic correlates of increased signals of the centrum ovale on magnetic resonance imaging.

The pathologic correlates of increased signal in the white matter of the centrum ovale in postmortem magnetic resonance imaging were investigated in an unselected series of 15 autopsies. Two types of magnetic resonance imaging hyperintensities could be separated on the basis of size (10-mm cutoff): extensive and punctate. The pathologic basis of extensive hyperintensities was large areas of pallor with ill-defined margins, located in the central white matter and sparing the subcortical U fibers on both myelin and axonal stains. Microscopically, these areas showed diffuse vacuolation and significant reduction in the areal densities of glial cells. This change was never seen in areas that did not show extensive white matter hyperdensities on magnetic resonance imaging. The correlates of punctate magnetic resonance imaging hyperintensities were less well defined; dilated Virchow-Robin spaces probably represent a common cause of this phenomenon.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[The value of diffusion MR imaging in judging pathological changes of brain multiple sclerosis].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the findings of MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor Imaging (DTI) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to explore their role in reflecting the pathological changes of MR lesions. METHODS: DWI and DTI were performed on 41 MS cases and 25 sub-acute brain infarct cases which used as control group. The appearances of ADC maps, EADC maps and FA maps in patients of both groups were analyzed. Quantitative analysis of the values of ADC, EADC and FA in the center and periphery of the lesions of acute MS, chronic MS and sub-acute brain infarct was carried out separately. RESULT: In DWI, the small chronic lesions were iso-intensity, and the large acute MS lesions and the sub-acute-infarct lesions had a high signal intensity to various degrees. In the EADC map, only in 13 cases with acute MS around the peripheral zone of the lesions there was a high signal intensity, and all other cases, including the cases with chronic MS and brain infarct had no high signal lesions. The ADC values of chronic and infarct lesions were similar (P > 0.05), both of them had the highest ADC value which were higher than the signal intensity in the center (both P < 0.05) and the periphery (both P < 0.05) of the MS lesions. The FA values in the infarct lesions were the lowest, much more lower than that in the chronic MS lesions (P < 0.05). The FA value in the center of acute MS lesions was lower than that in the peripheral zone (P < 0.05), and higher than the FA value both in the chronic MS and infarct lesions (P < 0.05). The lowest ADC value outside the peripheral zone of acute MS lesions and the highest EADC value were found. CONCLUSION: The significance of DWI high signal in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MS is not reliable, so the patient's history and the findings found in the routine MRI must be conjugated when an imaging diagnosis is made. The EADC map is more accurate than ADC map for showing the diffusion restriction of water molecular in the MS lesions. The degree of increase of the ADC value and the degree of decease of the FA value are proportional to the degree of severity of the pathological changes of the MS lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Pancreatic mass due to chronic pancreatitis: correlation of CT and MR imaging features with pathologic findings.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify helical CT and MR imaging features of pancreatic masses (focal enlargement) due to chronic pancreatitis and their correlation with pathologic findings. CONCLUSION: When histologic fibrosis is uniformly present through the pancreas in patients with chronic pancreatitis, there is no demarcation of masses due to chronic pancreatitis. When there is a greater degree of histologic fibrosis in the masslike part of the pancreas, the mass is often demarcated from the remaining pancreas, and the enhancement pattern on two-phase helical CT and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging mimics that of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Detection of retinal lesions after telemedicine transmission of digital images.

PURPOSE/BACKGROUND: To assess whether loss of image resolution or colour and subsequent telemedicine transmission of digital images affects the accuracy of retinal lesion detection by ophthalmologists when compared with the original transparencies. METHODS: Fifteen ophthalmologists of different experience independently scored 11 retinal images for pathological signs. The images were presented as either transparencies or colour and monochrome digital images, which had been transmitted via telephone lines to a geographically remote location. One patient's eye was also imaged using scanning laser ophthalmosocopy (SLO) which produced a dynamic black and white digital image. ANOVA analysis was performed. RESULTS: Total scores were higher for transparencies than colour (p = 0.0003) or black and white digital images (p = 0.00006). Expert observers (n = 5) considered separately showed no significant difference of accuracy between transparencies and either colour digital (p = 0.09) or monochrome digital images (p = 0.11). Experts were better than trainees at detecting pathology from less familiar images: total score (p = 0.02), colour digital (p = 0.03), monochrome digital (p = 0.02) and SLO images (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Experienced observers can identify sight-threatening retinal pathology from poorer-resolution digital images that have been transmitted by telemedicine. They can also adapt to viewing less familiar images such as black and white digital or SLO images.

Analysis of Variance↗