Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “UTERUS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Effect of Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Bosc on the myoelectric activity of uterus in rats and study of its mechanisms].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Curcuma zedoaria on the myoelectric activity of uterus in virgin rats and study its mech anisms. METHOD: A pair of bipolar Ag-AgCl electrodes were implanted on the serosal surface of uterus in rats to observe the effect of C. zedoaria on the myoelectric activity of uterus before and after the five agonists were injected intraperitoneally. RESULT: Decoction of C. zedoaria significantly increases the spike area, the duration and the number of bursts of action potentials of the uterine smooth muscle and its effect is related dosage. Atropine and phentolamine decreased the exciting effect of C. zedoaria, whereas verapamil, diphenhydramine and indomethacin have no effect on the excitation of C. zedoaria. CONCLUSION: C. zedoaria has obvious exciting effect on the smooth muscle of uterus in rats, and its mechanisms may be associated with M-receptor and alpha-receptor.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

[Pharmacological reactivity in cricetus aureus uterus (author's transl)].

The motility of the isolated Cricetus auratus uterus was studied and compared to that of other species. Oxitocyn, epinephrine, norepinephrine, histamine, 5-hydroxy-tryptamine and acetylcholine were used as spasmogen agents. There was not contractil response with epinephrine or nor-epinephrine. Histamine reduced basal tonus. There was contraction with acetylcholine, oxytocin and 5-hydroxy-tryptamine. Cricetus auratus uterus appeared more sensitive when the contraction was registered by the isometric method. No taquifilaxy was produced by 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, as opposed to such effect in rat uterus. The Cricetus auratus uterus has, therefore, shown similar reactivity to that of rat, but different from rabbit and guinea-pig.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed2003

[SERMs and uterus].

The uterus is one of the target organs of sexual steroids synthesized in the ovary. Estrogen is known to stimulate cell proliferation in the endometrium while progesterone has an anti-estrogenic secretory effect on this tissue. Renewed interest in the action of new anti-estrogenic agents on the uterus has arisen over the last decade, but not simply in order to achieve new therapeutic strategies for the prevention or cure of uterine tumors. New compounds were developed for their action on other tissues such as the breast, but it rapidly became clear that they were a source of uterine disease. A clear example is tamoxifen which has a powerful anti-estrogenic effect on breast tissue. It was hoped however that this compound, which behaves either like an antagonist or an agonist, depending on the target tissue, could have an anti-estrogenic effect on the uterus and on the contrary an agonistic estrogenic protective effect on bony and vascular tissue. This approach progressively led to the development of SERMs (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators), non-steroidal compounds modulating the action of estrogens. The first member of this new pharmaceutical class was raloxifen, marketed in France under the brand name Evista, which has an estrogenic effect on vertebral bone, warranting its authorization for use in patients with vertebral osteoporosis with or without fracture. Raloxifen thus has a beneficial estrogenic effect, at least on trabecular bone, and an anti-estrogenic effect on the uterus and breast. The goal today is to continue the development of new compounds in the SERM family with well targeted, and well understood, agonistic and/or antagonistic actions on different body tissues.

Estrogen Antagonists↗
PubMed2003

Laparoscopic evaluation of congenital absence of the uterus. a case report.

Anatomic gynecologic anomalies, including congenital absence of the uterus, occur with surprising frequency in referral practice of reproductive endocrinology and reproductive surgery. Female individuals with uterus agenesis have normal external genitalia and, therefore, the diagnosis is rarely made in infancy. We report a case of congenital absence of the uterus in a young woman 25 years old, presenting with primary amenorrhea. The patient had a normal karyotype and normal secondary sex characteristics. Sex hormones were within normal limits, indicating normal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The diagnosis was set by bimanual gynecologic examination, which was followed by vaginal ultrasound examination. The patient underwent a laparoscopic investigation, which revealed the absence of the uterus and the presence of small rudimentary uterine horns, connected to normal fallopian tubes. Ovarian morphology was bilaterally normal. In conclusion we believe that every patient with genital tract abnormalities has to be dealt with individually, depending on the patient's anatomy, desires and age.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Antispasmodic effects of curcuminoids on isolated guinea-pig ileum and rat uterus.

Curcuminoids, a yellow constituent isolated from Curcuma longa Linn. rhizomes was studied for its antispasmodic activity in isolated guinea-pig ileum and rat uterus. Curcuminoids at the concentration of 12 microg/ml significantly inhibited the ileum pre-contracted with acetylcholine (ACh) 5 x 10(-7) M and histamine 5 x 10(-7) M. (Force of contraction was 62.84 +/- 4.66% and 75.60 +/- 4.66% respectively) and the effects were prominently observed when the concentration of curcuminoids was increased to 36 microg/ml. (Force of contraction was 44.93 +/- 4.33% and 42.79 +/- 1.98%). In potassium depolarizing Tyrode solution, curcuminoids 4 microg/ml and 20 microg/ml reduced the contraction induced by calcium chloride (CaCl2) 1.8 mM. (The contraction was 63.31 +/- 1.80% and 36.87 +/- 3.25%). In rat uterus smooth muscle preparation, curcuminoids 8 microg/ml and 16 microg/ml significantly reduced force and frequency of contraction induced by oxytocin 1 x 10(-2) IU/ml. Curcuminoids 8 microg/ml produced 54.68 +/- 3.34 per cent force of contraction and 79.09 +/- 2.29 per cent frequency of contraction. Curcuminoids 16 microg/ml caused more relaxation of rat uterus smooth muscle. (Force of contraction was 43.38 +/- 3.56%, frequency of contraction was 49.96 +/- 5.20%). Curcuminoids 8 and 16 microg/ml significantly reduced force of contraction induced by KCl 50 mM. (Force of contraction was 54.10 +/- 4.92% and 36.60 +/- 2.99%). The results obtained from this study concluded that curcuminoids produced a smooth muscle, relaxation effect on isolated guinea-pig ileum and rat uterus by receptor-dependent and independent mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

The effects of estradiol on beta-endorphin, GnRH and galanin content in the oviduct and the uterus of ovariectomized gilts.

Steroid hormones are known to affect synthesis and/or release of some peptides in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. In the present study we determined changes in beta-endorphin, GnRH and galanin contents in uterine and oviductal tissues of ovariectomized (OVX) gilts following treatment with estradiol benzoate (EB) at a dose inducing a preovulatory-like LH surge. Seven month old gilts (90-100 kg of body weight; BW) were used in the study. Four weeks after ovariectomy, experimental animals were injected intramuscularly with EB (15 microg/kg BW) at 24 h (n=5), 48 h (n=6) or 72 h (n=5) before slaughter. Three control gilts received corn oil vehicle. Tissues were sampled from the ampulla and isthmus of the oviduct and from the perioviductal, middle and paracervical regions of the uterine horn for determination of beta-endorphin, GnRH and galanin content. Significant increases of beta-endorphin content were found in all regions of the uterus either 24 h or 48 h after priming with EB. In oviductal tissue, beta-endorphin concentration only tended to increase in response to EB. GnRH content in tissues originating from gilts receiving EB fluctuated from a stimulation in the ampulla of the oviduct and in the paracervical uterus to an inhibition in the middle part of the uterus. A significantly increased concentration of galanin in response to EB was observed exclusively in the paracervical part of the OVX pig uterus. The results suggest an involvement of beta-endorphin, GnRH and galanin in the regulation of uterine function in pigs during the periovulatory period.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of Chinese materia medica in activating blood and stimulating menstrual flow on the endocrine function of ovary-uterus and its mechanisms].

Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), Ligusticum chuanxiong (LC) and Artemisia anomale (AA) on the endocrine function of ovary-uterus were studied. In immature Wistar rats, SM increased the level of estradiol (E2) in plasma (131.8 +/- 7.4 pg/ml, P less than 0.01), the weight of uterus (35.3 +/- 4.5 mg, P less than 0.05) and the ovarian PGF2 alpha content (495.0 +/- 41.7 pg/ova., P less than 0.05), but the ovarian PGE2 content was reduced (2198.3 +/- 139.0 pg/ova, P less than 0.01), as compared with that in the control (96.6 +/- 3.2 pg/ml, 23.3 +/- 2.6 mg, 339.0 +/- 30.0 pg/ova, and 3840.8 +/- 480.0 pg/ova. respectively). LC and AA had no influence except that they decrease PGE2 content in ovary (2534.8 +/- 351.3 and 2629.7 +/- 290.7 pg/ova). AA decreased the receptor binding capacity for E2 in uterus (P less than 0.05). SM stimulated the ovulation in immature mice pre-treated with PMSG. LC and AA had no significant effect on ovulation. In pseudopregnant rats (with PMSC-hCG), SM, LC and AA all inhibited the function of corpus luteum, decreased the level of progesterone in plasma (11.1 +/- 2.8, 15.5 +/- 2.5, 19.3 +/- 5.6, respectively, 55.4 +/- 5.4 ng/ml in control, P less than 0.01) and hCG/LH receptor binding capacity of ovary (P less than 0.01). In pseudopregnant animals treated with AA, endogenous PGE2 content of ovary (50.2 +/- 2.7 pg/ml ova.) and the formation of PGE2 form AA in vitro in ovary (1765 +/- 166 pg/mg ova.) were reduced. The PGF2 alpha content in uterus was increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Activation and distribution of inflammatory cells in the mouse uterus during the preimplantation period.

Northern blot analysis of mouse uterine RNA showed that IL-1 (alpha and beta), and TNF-alpha mRNA were abundant on day (D) 1 of pregnancy, reduced on D2, and remained basal throughout the remainder of the preimplantation period (D3 and D4). Elevated IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha mRNA levels on D1 were accompanied by increased levels of immunoreactive protein in uterine cytosol preparations as determined by ELISA. In situ hybridization detected IL-1 beta mRNA in cells located in the endometrial stroma and concentrated in subepithelial regions on D1. Immunocytochemical localization of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha identified cells scattered throughout the endometrial stroma, but more concentrated in the subepithelial region on D1. On D3 and D4, cytokine-immunopositive cells decreased in number and became located predominantly at the endometrial-myometrial junction. Histochemical localization of peroxidase as a marker predominantly for eosinophils showed an abundance of these cells in the D1 uterus. The distribution of peroxidase-positive cells in the uterus followed the same temporal and spatial changes as cytokine-immunopositive cells during the preimplantation period. These data document the occurrence of an inflammatory response in the uterus on D1 of pregnancy, and demonstrate that as the preimplantation period progresses the distribution of inflammatory cells changes from the subepithelial region of the endometrial stroma to the periphery of the uterus at the endometrial-myometrial junction. Mechanisms regulating the uterine inflammatory response on D1 were investigated. Cytokine mRNA levels were not significantly elevated during the estrous cycle or after treatment of adult ovariectomized mice with estradiol-17 beta. In contrast, mating with vasectomized males resulted in an inflammatory response on D1 of pseudopregnancy similar to that on D1 of normal pregnancy, whereas mechanical stimulation of the uterine cervix failed to elicit such a response. These results strongly suggest a role for some factor(s) in the ejaculate, other than spermatozoa, in the initiation of a uterine inflammatory response after mating, but an effect of the act of mating cannot be excluded.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of estrogens on the concentration of estradiol receptors in rat uterus, kidneys and liver].

The concentration of receptors to E2 decreased in the uterine cytoplasm of rat uterus and increased in the nuclei during sexual maturation. With ageing this index in the cytoplasm and the nuclei of the uterus fell, and failed to alter during pregnancy. After ovariectomy the concentration of the receptors increased in the uterine cytoplasm, but no marked changes in the receptors occurred in the nuclei. No significant changes were revealed in the receptors to E2 in sexual maturation, pregnancy and ovariectomy in the cytoplasm and the nuclei of the kidneys and the liver. Administration to rats of E2 produced a reduction of the concentration of receptors to E2 in the cytoplasm of the uterus, kidneys and the liver and an increase in their content in the nuclei of the uterus and the liver.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2006

Effect of 50-Hz 1-mT magnetic field on the uterus and ovaries of rats (electron microscopy evaluation).

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELFMF) on the uterus and ovary of rats. MATERIAL/METHODS: Forty-eight female Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups, one for 50 and the other for 100 days of exposure. Each group was further divided into two groups, one sham exposed (n=12) and the other the experimental group (n=12). The experimental rats were exposed to 50-Hz 1-mT ELFMF for three hours/day for 50 or 100 days. The sham groups of rats were kept under the same circumstances without applying ELFMF. Electron microscopic examination was performed to evaluate the ovaries and uterus. RESULTS: Ultrastructural dissolution, decrease in cell organelles, cavities in cells, heterochromative appearance, and typical structural loss of the nucleus were observed in germinal epithelial cells of the rat ovaries in the 50-days ELFMF exposure group. Ultrastructural alterations in germinal epithelium and tunica albuginea of ovaries, irregularity in nucleus and nucleolus, increase in lipid vacuoles of cell cytoplasm and reduction in organelles were observed in rat ovaries in the 100-days ELFMF exposure group. Similar alterations were observed in uterus. Malondialdehyde concentration (MDA) of the ovaries and uterus increased in rats of the two exposure groups (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study showed that 50 and 100 days of exposure to a 1-mT ELFMF can cause alterations at the cellular level and in MDA concentration.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A method for the treatment of oviduct obstruction in cattle using CO2 insufflation into the uterus].

The investigations were carried out on 59 cows from Holstein half-breed, establishing that 8 cows suffered salpinx obstruction (5 cases with unilateral obstruction and 3 cases with bilateral obstruction). The authors are using an apparatus made by themselves, for insufflation of air in the obstructed uterus, and which is useful in desobstruction treatment, too. For diagnosis, CO2 was introduced inside of uterus. The authors used for treatment PBS (saline phosphate buffer) in addition with penicillin G, hydrocortisone and trypsin. Before air insufflation in uterus there will be infused 10-20 ml 2% Lidocaton. The cows must be examined in oestrus period, or 2 days after PGF2 alfa administration. The gas must be introduced under rectal palpation, and pressure must not be higher than 500 mm H2O column. If there is a permeable oviduct, after 15-20 sec. from gas introduction, ist is possible to palpate the filled oviduct. From ovary we can perceive a rustle produced by gas crossing in abdominal cavity. In case of salpinx obstruction, the treatment must be start as soon as possible. The utilized liquid for treatment will be introduce by gas pressure, inside of uterus and oviducts. Using this method, it managed the repermeability of oviducts at 3 from 8 treated cows. In each case, there were used 3 treatments at 48 h interval. After the second insemination (I.A.) 2 cows remained pregnant.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effect of administration of phenylbutazone or progesterone on recovery of embryos from the uterus of mares 5 days after ovulation.

Twelve horse mares were used to investigate the effect of phenylbutazone or progesterone administration on uterine tubal motility, as reflected by embryo recovery from the uterus on day 5 after ovulation. Four treatment groups were used: group A (controls), in which uterine flush was performed 7 to 11 days after ovulation; group B (5-day controls), in which uterine flush was performed 5 days after ovulation; group C, in which uterine flush was performed 5 days after ovulation following administration of phenylbutazone (2 g, IV) on day 3; and group D, in which uterine flush was performed 5 days after ovulation following administration of progesterone in oil (250 mg, IM) on days 0, 1, and 2. Each mare was randomly assigned to each group once. Embryo recovery for each group was: group A, 13 embryos from 12 mares; group B, 3 embryos from 12 mares; group C, 4 embryos from 11 mares; and group D, 1 embryo from 11 mares. Recovery of embryos on day 5 in 3 of 12 nontreated mares indicated that equine embryos may enter the uterus before day 6. Neither treatment increased embryo recovery from the uterus on day 5 over that from the uterus of the 5-day controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The influence of theophylline on the motility and the cyclic 3',5'-AMP content in the pregnant and non-pregnant rat uterus in vitro.

The tension developed by muscle strips obtained from pregnant and non-pregnant rat uteri and uterine cyclic 3',5'-AMP was measured in the presence of increasing amounts of theophylline. In the pregnant uterus the initial tension was elevated by 112% and the tissue level of cAMP by 59% as compared to the normal organ. 1 mM theophylline relaxed the normal uterus by 81% and the pregnant uterus by 36% without any change in the cAMP concentrations. Higher amounts of theophylline (3-10 mM) able to relax the pregnant uterus completely also increased uterine cAMP in a dose dependent manner. It seems likely that the effect of high amounts of theophylline is mediated by cAMP, which, however, is not involved in the action of low (therapeutic) doses of the drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effects of some inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism in rat uterus in vitro.

The effect of four eicosanoid synthesis inhibitors (ESIs): mepacrine (6 x 10(-6) to 10(-4) M), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDHGA, 10(-6) to 10(-5) M), indomethacin (2 x 10(-6) and 2 x 10(-5) M) and imidazole (10(-5) and 10(-4) M), were studied on contractions induced by cumulative doses (4 and 20 mU/ml) of oxytocin (OT) on the uterus of rats both in natural estrus and ovariectomized. ESIs were also assayed on contractions induced by carbachol (10(-4) M) and KCl (60 mM) in rat uterus under natural estrus, and OT (10 mU/ml)-induced contractions in rat uterus incubated in calcium-free EDTA treated medium. Mepacrine, NDHGA and indomethacin, but not imidazol, inhibited in a dose-dependent way contractions induced by OT in the uterus. The effect was higher in ovariectomized than in natural estrus rats. Mepacrine and NDHGA, but not indomethacin or imidazole, inhibited contractions induced by carbachol and relaxed tonic contractions to KCl (60 mM). Mepacrine, NDHG and indomethacin also inhibited tonic contractions by OT in calcium-free EDTA treated medium. Our results suggest that mepacrine, NDHGA and indomethacin, independently of inhibition of eicosanoids synthesis, reduce the entry of extracellular calcium and/or the release of intracellular calcium.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Multiphasic regulatory system mediating the effect of estradiol in rat uterus].

Estradiol is shown to induce histidine decarboxylase and histamine to activate adenylate cyclase in the rat uterus. Cyclic AMP like histamine simulates the effect of estradiol, intensifying RNA synthesis and inducing glycolytic enzymes and uterus inhibition. It was found by autoradiography that 3H-estradiol is accepted by the nuclei of some myometrium cells, 3H-histamine by their cytoplasm and 3H-cAMP is selectively bound by endothelium cells of the uterus capillaries. The estradiol messengers (histamine and cAMP) seem to mediate hormonal effect of some uterus heterofunctional cells forming a kind of multicellular functional system.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1989

In vitro effects of gossypol and lactic acid on rat uterus and ovary during implantation and antiimplantation.

ATPase activity of uterus and ovary was markedly elevated in presence of gossypol and decreased in presence of lactic acid indicating activation and inhibition of energy metabolism by gossypol and lactic acid respectively. The elevated levels of glycogen in uterus indicate inhibition of glycogenolysis as supported by phosphorylase activity. Whereas in ovary the glycogen depletion indicates activation of glycogenolysis supported by phosphorylase activity. The activity levels of aldolase and G-6-PDH decreased in the uterus in presence of gossypol and increased in presence of lactic acid. The same were elevated in ovary indicating the activation of hexose mono and diphosphate pathways. Lactic acid accumulated in presence of both gossypol and lactic acid with a depletion in level of pyruvic acid in both the tissues. This situation in the uterus indicates the condition of anti-implantation in presence of both gossypol and lactic acid. The NAD-LDH activity was inhibited in presence of gossypol and activated in presence of lactic acid in both tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Vaginal hysterectomy of the non-prolapsed uterus. Rehabilitating a technic].

The main steps to be carried out in the operation of vaginal hysterectomy when the uterus is not prolapsed are overall the same as when vaginal hysterectomy is carried out for prolapse: separation of the bladder from the uterus, opening of the Pouch of Douglas, dividing the utero-sacral ligaments, opening the vesico-uterine pouch, dividing the cardinal ligaments, delivering the fundus of the uterus, freeing the uterine cornua and reperitonealisation. All the same, for each step there are numerous different details to be carried out. Careful attention to all these modifications make it easier to remove a non mobile uterus or one that is markedly enlarged. When the definite advantages of this technique, which is unfortunately insufficiently practised in France, are understood it is the operation of choice rather than the abdominal approach whenever a vaginal approach is possible, which it is in the large majority of cases.

Anesthesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of histamine as an intermediary in the action of estradiol on the rat uterus: inhibition of the hormonal induction of enzymes using histamine antagonists].

The administration of methiamide, a blocker of histamine H2-receptors, to rats was shown to prevent the induction of hexokinase (HK) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6PD) caused by both histamine and estradiol. An inhibitory effect of methiamide remained stable up to 16 h after histamine and estradiol administration. Diphenhydramine, a blocker of histamine H1-receptors, produces a short-term inhibitory effect on the HK and G-6PD activity stimulated by histamine and estradiol. The short-term nature of the diphenhydramine effect may be attributed to a low affinity to histamine H2-receptors and histamine fast dissociation. It may be concluded that some of the estradiol effects, particularly the HK and G-6PD induction in the uterus are histamine-mediated, apparently by means of H2-receptors. The administration of histamine to rats increases the uterus mass causing its inundation, and H1- and H2-blockers prevent this effect of histamine. However, the above histamine antagonists do not inhibit uterus inundation caused by estradiol. A conclusion is made that estradiol stimulates the uterus inundation not only by means of histamine but also by some other means.

Animals↗