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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The effectiveness of an interactive videodisc qualitative assessment training program.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of an interactive videodisc motor skill assessment training program on the development of preservice and inservice teachers' qualitative assessment proficiency on two motor skills: the overhand throw and catch. Twenty-seven preservice and 27 inservice physical education teachers were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: interactive videodisc (IVD), teacher-directed (TD), or self-directed (SD). Motor skill qualitative assessment accuracy was evaluated on a pre- and post-test basis using a 50-item motor skill assessment accuracy test (10 performances rated on 5 components) for each skill. Analysis of covariance results indicated significant main effects for treatment for both skills. Post hoc tests revealed that for the overhand throw, the IVD and TD groups were superior to the SD group but not different from each other. For the catch, the IVD group was found to be superior to both the TD and SD groups. These findings are discussed in relation to the advantages of interactive videodisc in terms of efficiency and user independence and with comparable findings in other educational applications.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The effects of an augmented and the standard recruit physical training program on fitness parameters.

An investigation was conducted to compare fitness changes elicited by standard Navy recruit physical training with a similar but more intense version of standard training. The sample population included 224 Navy recruits between the ages of 17-30 (means = 19.7 years) participating in 8-week Navy basic training at the Recruit Training Command, San Diego, CA. Subjects were drawn from three recruit companies. Two companies of recruits served as controls and participated in the standard Navy running/calisthenic program. A single experimental company participated in an augmented version of standard training. A battery of fitness measures administered during the initial and final stages of training provided data to contrast training program effects. Study findings indicate that participation in the standard physical training program does not significantly alter the overall fitness level of the average recruit. Participation in the augmented training program provides superior stamina but not muscular strength gains when compared to the standard training format.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Efforts to incorporate social justice perspectives into a family training program.

This paper describes the efforts of the faculty of the Family Institute of New Jersey in recent years to develop a collaborative family training program that takes into account issues of gender, race, culture, class, and sexual orientation. We have come to realize how strongly traditional approaches have been skewed in the direction of the dominant culture--white, male, heterosexist, and prioritizing the needs and experience of the middle and upper classes. We have attempted to modify our teaching, supervision, reading lists, and overall training approach to challenge trainees and ourselves to move toward broader, strength-based, and equity-based multicultural perspectives in our training. We describe our vision, how we incorporate it into our program structure, and a few of our training initiatives.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Alcohol Skills Training Program: a group intervention for young adult drinkers.

Development, content, and evaluation of the Alcohol Skills Training Program (ASTP) is described. Patterned after strategies for relapse prevention, the ASTP is a cognitive behavioral approach to the secondary prevention of alcohol problems. Format and context of the six group sessions are detailed, and process considerations are discussed. Results are summarized for two controlled investigations of the ASTP with young adult drinkers. The psychoeducational approach of the ASTP is recommended as an effective means for changing drinking patterns among young adults who are at risk for alcohol-related problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Cancer Prevention and Control Training Program at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

The pre- and postdoctoral Cancer Prevention and Control Training Program (CPCTP) at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) has attracted high-quality trainees from all over the United States. The trainees have pursued courses of study in epidemiology, nutrition sciences, health behavior, environmental health sciences, biostatistics, or public health nutrition; and research projects in cessation of tobacco use, cancer screening, cancer epidemiology, diet modification, nutrient-cancer relationships, statistical modeling of carcinogenesis, medical-nutrition education, and obesity, in precise alignment with NCI cancer control objectives. Both courses and research projects have been interdisciplinary, taking advantage of the strong interdepartmental collaborative atmosphere at UAB. Former trainees have been successfully placed in academic, administrative, and practice positions in which they can strategically apply their cancer prevention and control expertise.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A survey of MMPI teaching in APA-approved clinical training programs.

A questionnaire on teaching of the MMPI was sent to all APA-approved clinical training programs. The questionnaire asked the faculty member primarily responsible for teaching the MMPI to indicate how much emphasis was placed on it, how they made use of it, and how valuable it was felt to be. A return rate of 83% was achieved. It was found that: a) 92% of the responding programs offer courses dealing with the MMPI; b) 74% of the programs that teach the MMPI put major emphasis on it; c) emphasis placed on the instrument is holding steady; d) instructors with 10 years or less teaching experience rate the test as highly and are as likely to use it outside the classroom as their more experienced colleagues.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1998

[Experiences in special training programs in the education of undergraduate nursing students].

This study presents the experience of the Special Training Program of the University os São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing-Brazil, since 1989. It is a program, directed to a group of twelve undergraduate students who show potential, abilities and interest. It provides under the orientation of a tutor-professor, the conditions to perform extra-curriculum activities, and develop scientific studies. The activities carried out by this group of students are: a course of foreign language, weekly meetings with the tutor, scientific investigation under the orientation of a teacher and discussion of scientific themes. These students act like of multiplication agent, disseminating ideas and practices borrowed from other students. The program has an excellent reputation in the brazilian academic area, and some of the ex-students are attending graduate programs, and according to its participants, it provides a personal and professional growth, through promoting activities that lead to the integration of the academic formation and the future professional activity.

Brazil↗
PubMed1990

A simple, inexpensive technique for recording and reporting the operative experience of residents in a surgical training program.

The recording and reporting of resident operative experience have become increasingly important tasks for surgical training programs, and computerized data bases are now being used for these purposes. Despite their usefulness, these computerized systems can impose significant burdens in terms of manpower, time, and cost, particularly if the program director is to track diligently each resident's progress at intervals. Described here is a simple, inexpensive method for recording and reporting resident operative experience. This system can be maintained on a microcomputer with any one of a number of inexpensive, commercially available data base programs.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1992

Concentric versus combined concentric-eccentric isokinetic training programs: effect on peak torque of human quadriceps femoris muscle.

To determine the effects of isokinetic resistance training of the quadriceps, 25 male volunteers were randomly assigned to five training groups: Concentric Slow (CS), Concentric Fast (CF), Concentric-Eccentric Slow (MS), Concentric-Eccentric Fast (MF), and Control (C). In training, subjects performed 20 contractions of each quadriceps using either 60 degrees/sec or 180 degrees/sec, for both sides, five days per week for 12 weeks. Testing consisted of measurement of peak torque, at intervals of 60 degrees/sec across a spectrum of velocities ranging from plus to minus 240 degrees/sec, at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Repeated MANOVA using planned comparisons showed that all trained subjects made significant peak torque gains (p < .05), but that the gains made by MS and MF were greater. These findings suggest that the addition of an eccentric training component to a concentric isokinetic training program may allow greater peak torque gains regardless of the velocity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Older adults' experiences of a strength training program.

Despite the recognized benefits of strength training in preventing physical and functional decline among older adults, little information exists on their views of this exercise modality. This study used focus groups to obtain an in-depth understanding of older adults' attitudes and concerns about a strength training intervention and to identify factors that determined their adherence to this exercise program. Three focus groups were conducted with 24 former participants after the completion of the 16-week intervention. Major themes that emerged from the focus group discussions were categorized according to Dishman, Sallis, and Orenstein's [1] framework of factors influencing adherence, including personal, activity, and environmental characteristics. The most frequently reported factors were enjoyment of strength training, accessibility of the exercise facility, and the social reinforcement provided by exercise leaders and partners. Recommendations for strength training program development with older adults are discussed in light of these factors.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Residents from five training programs report improvements in knowledge, attitudes and skills after a rotation with a hospice program.

BACKGROUND: The faculty of the Center for Palliative Studies teach residents from 5 different primary care residency training programs who rotate at San Diego Hospice: 3 in Internal Medicine, 2 in Family Medicine. Residents participate in the care of patients in the inpatient care setting and make joint home visits with physicians and other team members. A series of 4 lectures on end-of-life care is given on Tuesday mornings: management of pain, other symptoms, interdisciplinary roles of chaplains, social workers, nurses, and grief/bereavement are discussed. In addition, there is a Tuesday noon conference that follows a journal club format. Because of scheduling, residents from some programs are not able to attend all lectures and conferences. METHODS: A 27-item self-assessment evaluation tool was developed for administration to residents before and after their experience. A total of 65 evaluations for residents rotating in academic year 1997-98 and 1998-1999 were collated and analyzed. RESULTS: When evaluated as a whole, residents noted significant improvements in their ability to assess and treat symptoms, to tell patient/family about the dying process and to care for dying patients at home (range in improvement from 26% to 67%, p < 0.05 using paired t-test). About half of the residents perceived that the content was not available elsewhere in their training. CONCLUSION: We conclude that a single hospice rotation can effectively contribute to resident education in multiple programs.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1984

A rater training program in removable prosthodontics.

Four faculty members in removable prosthodontics participated in a three-phase rater training program. Nine complete dentures were given an overall rating by three outside experts to obtain an accuracy measure. A three-point rating scale was used: R (cannot be appreciably improved), S (clinically acceptable), and T (clinically unacceptable). During the pretraining phase, the average interrater reliability was .57 as estimated by intraclass correlation, and the mean accuracy correlation was .76. The rater training phase consisted of a four-hour session including presentations and discussions of rating terminology and formats, observer accuracy, and related issues. In the post-training phase, the same nine complete dentures were rated by the four faculty members, using the same three-point rating scale and a five-point scale. The average post-training interrater reliabilities were .56 and .76 on the three- and five-point scales, respectively. The mean accuracy correlation was .78.

Denture, Complete↗
PubMed1977

A partial evaluation of an introductory training program in behavior modification for psychatric nurses.

The paper describes the procedures and evaluation of a four-session introductory training program in behavior modification. The program focuses on (a) basic operant therapy principles and techniques, (b) behavioral observation and recording procedures, (c) major steps in developing individual behavior modification programs, (d) an overview of target behaviors to which behavioral techniques have been successfully applied, and (e) clarification of the psychiatric nurse's role as a behavioral engineer. Training utilized lecturettes, group discussion, practice in recording behavior seen on videotape, daily practice in behavior observation, and a film demonstrating behavioral techniques. Nurses improved signifcantly in basic behavior observation skill, program planning, and in their perceptions of the changeability of a variety of behaviors . Improvements were not maintained at a 4-month follow-up. The importance of continuing training beyond an introductory stage is discussed. Subsequent stages of training necessary are described.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1997

Effects of a four-month strength training program on blood pressure in older adults.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 4-month strength training program on strength and blood pressure (BP) in older adults. The training protocol for the 43 experimental subjects (ES) (age 72.1, Sd 5.5 yr; Wt 72.4, Sd 12.3 kg; BMI 26.3, Sd 3.4) consisted of 8-12 reps at each of 50, 60 and 70% of their one repetition maximum (1RM), three days a week, for 16 weeks. The subjects trained on five upper extremity, three trunk, and three lower extremity muscle groups. They were evaluated for 1RM initially, after 3, 5, 7, 12, and 16 weeks of training. Daily systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressures (MABP) were averaged to produce BP values for baseline, weeks 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, and 16. Eighteen comparison subjects (age 71.8, Sd 4.6 yr--(CS)) were evaluated for strength and BP before and after the 4-month intervention period. The data were evaluated for differences by ANOVA, Scheffe' HSD tests and Pearson correlation coefficients. Baseline and 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, and 16 week BPs were evaluated for changes over time and relationships with trunk, upper, and lower extremity strength measurements for the ES. Following training, there was an overall increase in strength of 45% and each segment increased significantly (p<0.05). Systolic blood pressure remained unchanged, while MABP and DBP decreased 2.4 and 3 mmHg, respectively. Strength and BP shared significant, but moderate relationships before and after the training intervention. These results show that moderate intensity strength training greatly improved strength in older adults and had no adverse affect on BP responses.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of the In Touch training program for the management of alcohol and other drug use issues in schools.

In Touch is a professional training program designed to develop staff skills and support structures so as to enable schools to manage alcohol and other drug (AOD) matters in a coordinated manner that maximizes beneficial outcomes for at-risk students, while at the same time maintaining school discipline and community relationships. This study is an evaluation of the impact of the program on alcohol and other drug (AOD) related knowledge, attitudes and activity of participating school staff, and on AOD management practice in their schools. Data from 53 intervention participants and 21 controls were compared at pre- and post-intervention. These data indicated a 46% increase in AOD knowledge among those who participated in In Touch training. Attitudes favorable to integrated, supportive management of AOD issues also increased significantly in this group, as did desirable practice. However, change in school practice was limited. Significantly more schools whose staff participated in In Touch training had a written drug policy at post-intervention, but schools' usual responses to AOD-related incidents were substantially the same. These findings indicate that professional training on the management of AOD matters can change the understanding and practice of individual staff, but if school structures and practice are to be substantially influenced, a broader program is required.

Education, Continuing↗
PubMed1996

Fiberoptic intubation using anesthetized, paralyzed, apneic patients. Results of a resident training program.

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus about the best way to teach fiberoptic intubation. This study assesses the effectiveness of a training program in which novice anesthetic residents routinely were taught fiberoptic tracheal intubation of anesthetized, paralyzed, apneic patients. METHODS: Eight inexperienced anesthetic residents learned fiberoptic and conventional tracheal intubation simultaneously during their first 4 months of training. All intubations were performed using general anesthesia and muscle paralysis. Of these intubations, 223 (23%) were fiberoptic and 743 (77%) were laryngoscopic. Subsequently, their intubation skills with the two techniques were studied in a prospective, single-blind randomized trial involving 131 elective patients. Intubation times, SpO2, ETCO2, hemodynamic changes on intubation, and complications were recorded for 71 fiberoptic and 57 laryngoscopic intubations. RESULTS: There were two failures of the rigid and one failure of the fiberoptic technique due to inability to intubate within 180 s. In cases of failure, the tracheas were intubated successfully after mask ventilation by the alterative technique. No hypoxemia or hypercarbia occurred in any patient. There were no differences in hemodynamic indexes nor incidence of sore throat or hoarseness between the two groups. Mean intubation times were 56 +/- 24 s (mean +/- SD) for fiberoptic and 34 +/- 10 s (mean +/- SD) for laryngoscopic (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Novices taught fiberoptic intubation and rigid laryngoscopic intubation under similar conditions, with similar volumes of experience, learn both techniques well. The safety and effectiveness of this training regimen commend it for inclusion in any residency program.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Neurolinguistic programming training, trait anxiety, and locus of control.

Training in the neurolinguistic programming techniques of shifting perceptual position, visual-kinesthetic dissociation, timelines, and change-history, all based on experiential cognitive processing of remembered events, leads to an increased awareness of behavioral contingencies and a more sensitive recognition of environmental cues which could serve to lower trait anxiety and increase the sense of internal control. This study reports on within-person and between-group changes in trait anxiety and locus of control as measured on the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Wallston, Wallston, and DeVallis' Multiple Health Locus of Control immediately following a 21-day residential training in neurolinguistic programming. Significant with-in-person decreases in trait-anxiety scores and increases in internal locus of control scores were observed as predicted. Chance and powerful other locus of control scores were unchanged. Significant differences were noted on trait anxiety and locus of control scores between European and U.S. participants, although change scores were similar for the two groups. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that this training may lower trait-anxiety scores and increase internal locus of control scores. A matched control group was not available, and follow-up was unfortunately not possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The effects of a 24-h psychological training program on attitudes, communication skills and occupational stress in oncology: a randomised study.

The usefulness of psychological training programs (P.T.P.) in health care settings devoted to cancer care is beginning to be recognised but their content, form and effectiveness need further investigation. Seventy-two oncology nurses were randomly assigned to a 24-h P.T.P. or to a waiting list period. Attitudes were assessed by a semantic differential questionnaire, occupational stress was assessed by the Nursing Stress Scale and communication skills were assessed by standardised videotaped role-playing exercises. These were used to compare trained (T.S.) and control subjects (C.S.). The results show a significant training effect on attitudes (P = 0.05), especially on those related to self concept (P = 0.004), and on the level of occupational stress related to inadequate preparation (P = 0.02). Limited changes were found regarding post-training communication skills. T.S. were significantly more in control of the interview than C.S. (P = 0.02). The results indicate that 24-h P.T.P. assessed here are effective. The data also demonstrate the need to consolidate the skills acquired by regular post-training sessions.

Adult↗