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PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of maxillofacial and dental injuries in four contact team sports: American football, bandy, basketball, and handball.

Maxillofacial and dental injuries were studied in registered players of American football, bandy, basketball, and handball in Finland between 1979 and 1985. In American football, where facial protection is complete and mandatory, maxillofacial and dental accidents accounted for only 1.4% of all accidents. In bandy, where facial protection was inadequate during the time of study (only the helmet and extraoral mouth protector were mandatory), the respective figure was 10.6%. The most frequent causes of injury were a blow from another player (in American football, basketball, and handball) or a blow from the stick (in bandy). In American football, the mean cost of treatment related to maxillofacial and dental injuries was only 60% of the mean total cost of all injuries. In contrast, the mean cost of treatment for maxillofacial and dental injuries in basketball and bandy was twice and three times as high, respectively, as that for all injuries. The need for adequate facial protection in contact sports is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Common facial fractures: 1. Aetiology and presentation.

UNLABELLED: Fractures of the facial bones are common and, in the West, usually occur as a result of interpersonal violence. Patients may attend dentists in the first instance as derangement of occlusion and other oral symptoms are common. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: As patients with facial bone fractures may attend their dentist in the first instance, dentists should be confident in recognizing the signs and symptoms of facial fractures.

Domestic Violence↗
PubMed1996

Bicycle riding and oral/maxillofacial trauma in young children.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the frequency of oral/maxillofacial injuries in children who have had a bicycle incident and to relate this to the wearing of a protective helmet. DESIGN: Part of a larger prospective study in which self-administered questionnaires were completed by each child with bicycle-related injuries and their parents or caregivers. SETTING: Two tertiary-referral children's hospitals (between 1 April 1991 and 30 June 1992) and three general hospitals (between 1 August 1991 and 30 June 1992) in Brisbane. PARTICIPANTS: 813 children aged under 15 years who presented to the accident and emergency departments with bicycle-related injuries. RESULTS: There were 321 children (39.5%) who sustained oral/maxillofacial injuries. Of 1355 injuries, 340 (25.1%) were to the facial region. Of the 153 children admitted to hospital for bicycle-related injuries, 94 (61.4%) had oral/maxillofacial injury as the primary reason for admission (including those with a reduced level of consciousness). Of the 66 children with a reduced level of consciousness, 53 had concomitant facial injuries. The most common oral/maxillofacial injuries were facial abrasions, cuts and lacerations (50.3%); soft tissue injuries to the mouth (30.9%); and dentoalveolar trauma (9.7%). Over half of these children were wearing bicycle helmets. Of the 15 facial fractures (mandibular, nasal, and zygomatico-orbital), 10 were in children wearing helmets. CONCLUSIONS: Oral/maxillofacial injuries are frequent among child bicycle riders, even for those who wear Australian Standards-approved bicycle helmets. Bicycle helmets need design modifications (e.g., lightweight chin protectors) to more adequately protect the face and jaw.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Athletic mouth guards prevent orofacial injuries: a review.

Athletes who participate in competitive and recreational sports are at significant risk of orofacial injury. The use of mouth guards can reduce that risk substantially. The known incidence of orofacial trauma and benefits of athletic mouth guard use are reviewed. Dental health professionals are advised to advocate mouth guards for athlete-patients.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The dentist's role in reporting suspected child abuse and neglect.

While dentists are in a position to report suspected child abuse and neglect (SCAN), few reports are made by dentists. Evidence exists that dentists are not well-informed about SCAN, but even with education about SCAN, dentists continue to make few reports. Reasons for low reporting are noted. This article lists criteria which will be helpful in determining whether a traumatic injury to a child is accidental or intentional.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral trauma in an urban emergency department.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the type of traumatic orofacial injuries and the referral pattern seen in children up to 15 years of age who came to the pediatric emergency department at an urban hospital during an 18-month period. The majority of injuries treated, 87% in preschool children and 71% in children ages 6 to 15 years old, were lacerations and/or abrasions. The primary mechanism of injury was falls, accounting for 78% of traumatic orofacial injuries in preschoolers and 47% in children ages 6 to 15 years. Children ages 6 to 15 years were more likely to be injured in sports-related activities and more likely to injure the dentition than preschool children. When referrals for follow-up care were documented, the majority was to the department of dentistry.

Accidental Falls↗