[Cervical cysts in clinical data of a period of 10 years (1960-1969)].
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Adolescent↗
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Results for “THYROGLOSSAL CYST”
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[Neck masses in childhood. Surgical experience in 154 cases].
Neck masses of children often constitute a complex problem of diagnosis and treatment. Despite the currently available diagnostic techniques, excisional biopsy still remains the procedure of first choice in a high percentage of cases to obtain a definitive diagnosis. In the present research, we analyze the problems of differential diagnosis and surgical treatment of neck masses in children, on the basis of 154 cases recruited in 20 years (at the Dept. of Surgery of the University of Pisa). Specific and unspecific lymphadenitis were observed in 26 (16.9%: and 18 cases 18 cases (11.7%), respectively. Hodgkins' lymphoma was present in 12 patients (7.8%). Thyroid disorders were diagnosed in 48 cases; 31 (20.1%) of these were benign, and 17 (11.1%) were malignant. Thirty-nine children showed congenital anomalies: 26 (16.9%) suffered from cysts of the thyroglossal duct, 10 (6.5%) from branchial abnormalities, and 3 (1.9%) from cystic lymphangioma. Two dermoid cysts (1.3%) and 2 parotid gland mixed tumours (1.3%) were also observed. The deep knowledge of embryology and anatomy of the neck, a careful clinic examination, an echography, as well as a fine needle-aspiration, seem thus essential to achieve the correct diagnosis and treatment.
Adolescent↗
Evaluation of neck masses in children.
Neck masses in children may be inflammatory, neoplastic or congenital. Although most of these masses are benign inflammatory nodes, an asymptomatic neck mass is the most common presentation of head and neck malignancies in children. Cystic lesions are usually pharyngeal cleft remnants or vascular malformations, whereas solid lesions are generally inflammatory or neoplastic. While the history and the physical examination are the most important parts of the evaluation of neck masses in children, biopsy may be necessary to establish the diagnosis.
Branchioma↗
Congenital anomalies of the head and neck.
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Adolescent↗
First branchial cleft anomaly presenting as a recurrent post-auricular abscess.
Embryological anomalies of the first branchial cleft are uncommonly encountered. They usually present as cysts, swellings, or fistulas in the pre-auricular or post-auricular area or high in the neck, which may become infected. Failure to recognise these unusual cases may result in misdiagnosis, inadequate treatment, and subsequent recurrence. Further definitive surgery may thus be complicated. A case is reported of a patient who attended accident and emergency on three occasions with an infected post-auricular cyst, which was treated by incision and drainage. It was subsequently found to be a first branchial cleft anomaly.
Abscess↗
Lateral sublingual dermoid.
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Branchioma↗
Intrathyroidal lymphoepithelial (branchial) cyst: sonographic features of a rare lesion.
Intrathyroidal lymphoepithelial cysts are rare, and only 15 such cases have been reported. Although sonography has been performed in some cases, the findings have not been discussed previously. Despite its rarity, the sonographic appearances of this lesion are similar to those of other commonly encountered congenital cystic lesions in the head and neck, such as thyroglossal duct cysts and second branchial cleft cysts, and this may provide a clue to its diagnosis. We describe the sonographic appearances of intrathyroidal lymphoepithelial cysts.
Biopsy, Needle↗
[Review of a case series of cervical cysts and evaluation of the efficacy of sclerotherapy with tetracycline hydrochloride in thyroid cystic lesions].
We have reexamined a series of 1119 patients consecutively submitted to fine needle aspiration of nodules of the neck. Among these in 166 cases ultrasonography combined with aspiration suggested the presence of cysts. 60 patients were submitted to cyst aspiration and 34 were aspirated and submitted to cyst injection with tetracycline hydrochloride. The patients were followed up clinically and ultrasonically 3 and 12 months after treatment. Cure was defined as the absence of any residual cystic lesion and an ultrasonic cyst volume less than 50% with respect to basal after 12 months from the start of treatment. 18 of the 60 (30%) patients only aspirated and 24 of the 34 patients (70%) in the tetracycline group were cured (statistically significant; p < 0.005). We conclude that tetracycline seems an effective sclerotherapy in treatment of thyroid cysts.
Adult↗
Giant laryngoceles: a cause of upper airway obstruction.
Laryngoceles and saccular cysts, which are abnormal dilatations of the laryngeal saccule, are uncommon. The etiology is unknown but is probably related to both congenital and acquired factors. These structures are usually asymptomatic and are incidentally discovered through radiographic studies for unrelated symptoms. We describe two patients with upper airway obstruction, one caused by a giant laryngocele and the other by a large saccular cyst. In the former patient, acute tracheotomy had to be performed. The laryngocele and saccular cyst were removed surgically, which relieved patients' symptoms of upper airway obstruction.
Airway Obstruction↗
[Neck cysts and fistulas. Embryological rest structures].
During the fourth week the human embryo develops a group of five paired arches at the cranial end. These are the branchial arches, soon completed by the formation of four ectodermal invaginations or branchial clefts and four endodermal branchial pouches. These primary organs will mostly disappear; the remaining form the definite head and neck structures. The congenital persistance of abnormal tissue is at the origin of congenital neck anomalies known as branchial cysts or fistulae and the thyreoglossal cyst or fistula. The localisation and course of these fistulae based on their embryological origin are predictable. The diagnosis is essentially clinical. The treatment is early surgical resection.
Branchial Region↗
[Characteristics of diagnosis and surgical treatment of median cysts and fistulas of the neck].
On the basis of the experience with treatment of 219 patients with middle cysts and fistulas of the neck, the authors consider the causes, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease. Operated on were 218 patients. An excellent result of treatment was noted in 206 (94.5%) of them. Twelve patients developed a disease recurrence. They underwent the reoperation. Technique of operation is described in detail. It is stressed that a good result is possible only in removal of a cyst (fistula) with resection of the hyoid bone body.
Adolescent↗
[Cutaneous nodules in neonates].
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Adult↗
[Neonatal asphyxia immediately following birth due to thyreoglossal cyst blocking the larynx (author's transl)].
Report on death from asphyxia immediately after birth of a child with obstruction of the larynx by a cyst of thyreoglossus. When intubation of an asphyctic neonate is attempted and a diagnosis of an obstructing cyst is made the following measures should be taken: Immediate aspiration of the contents of the cyst or without canula under laryngoscopic control. Attempt at intubation. If unsuccessful, emergency tracheostomy, although burdened with a high morbidity in neonates. If this cannot be done quickly, then--in addition to other measures--an infusion should be given through a catheter in the umbilical vein to counteract acidosis and hypercapnia.
Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
[Rare case of papillary cystic carcinoma of ectopic thyroid gland in glossothyroid ductus].
The neck midline cyst is the most common congenital malformation in the neck area. In described case of 33 years women the diagnosis was established on clinical examination, the results of USG and the aspiration biopsy. The tumor was surgically excited and the microscopy examination revealed papillary cystic carcinoma of ectopic thyroid gland in glossothyroid ductus. In the every case of neck tumor we have to consider neoplastic process.
Adult↗
[Ultrasonography of cervical cysts and their differential diagnosis].
Among 22 proven branchiogenic or thyreoglossal cysts, 15 presented with a characteristic pattern of homogeneous smooth reflections within a well-demarcated thin and elastic, deformable wall when using a high-resolution transducer. The other cases, showing an inhomogeneous texture and/or irregular walls, cannot be distinguished from inflammatory or neoplastic processes with central necrosis. Complete surgical removal is recommended especially in these latter cases. One case of malignant transformation was found.
Adolescent↗
The utility of GLUT-1 immunolocalization in cell blocks: An adjunct to the fine needle aspiration diagnosis of cystic squamous lesions of the head and neck.
BACKGROUND: Cytologic distinction of metastatic cystic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from benign squamous cell lesions, especially the ones with superimposed inflammatory atypia, can be very challenging. The authors evaluated the usefulness of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) immunostaining as an adjunct to fine-needle aspirations of squamous lesions of the head and neck. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining for GLUT-1 was performed on paraffin-embedded cell blocks of 28 cases with the following cytologic diagnoses: 1) metastatic SCC (11 cases); 2) atypical squamous cells, SCC [corrected] cannot be excluded (6 cases); and 3) cytologic findings consistent with branchial cleft cyst (BCC) (11 cases). RESULTS: All 11 cases with an unequivocal cytologic diagnosis of metastatic SCC were positive for GLUT-1. Tissue follow-up confirmed metastatic SCC in all 11 cases. The squamous cells in all 11 cases with cytologic findings consistent with BCC were negative for GLUT-1; tissue follow-up confirmed diagnoses of BCC in 8 cases. In the remaining 3 cases, excision was not performed, and, clinically, no recurrences were identified at 28, 20, and 16 months of follow-up. Of the 6 cases with cytologic diagnosis of atypical squamous cells, 3 were negative and 3 were positive for GLUT-1. Subsequent excisional biopsies in these cases revealed 4 cases of metastatic SCC (3 positive and 1 negative for GLUT-1), 1 case of BCC (negative for GLUT-1), and 1 case of thyroglossal duct cyst (negative for GLUT-1). CONCLUSION: GLUT-1 immunostaining is a useful adjunct in differentiating benign and malignant squamous lesions in cell-block material. Although negative staining for GLUT-1 does not exclude malignancy, positive immunoreactivity for GLUT-1 may aid in accurate diagnosis of malignancy in cytomorphologically equivocal squamous lesions of the head and neck.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗