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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Ultrastructural changes in postcapillary-sized venule morphology in aged mouse periodontal ligament.

The aim of this study was to compare the postcapillary-sized venule (PCV) morphology of four young ALCA mice (35 days) and four colony-related aged mice (365 days) using the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Right and left mandibular first molar mesial roots with associated periodontal ligament (PDL) and bony socket, were used for TEM assessment. Five PCV profiles were selected at each 160 microm interval, from the alveolar crest to the tooth apex. PCV profile dimensions were measured on standardised micrographs magnified x2900. Age affects were tested using multiple regression analysis. The number of PCV profiles in the tooth third of the PDL was higher in aged mice (p < 0.01) and comprised predominantly apericytic vessels (p < 0.001). The number of PCV profiles increased significantly (p < 0.001) in aged mice in the PDL middle circumferential third halfway down the molar root. Age had no significant affect on PCV diameter. Aged PDL permeability studies are needed to investigate whether the changes in aged PCV profile number are associated with functional modification of the PDL microvasculature.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implant-retained mandibular overdentures with Brånemark System MKII implants: a prospective comparative study between delayed and immediate loading.

This study was designed to compare the results of immediate and delayed loading of implants with implant-retained mandibular overdentures. Ten patients (test group) received 40 Brånemark System MKII implants (4 per patient) placed in the interforaminal area of the mandible. Standard abutments were immediately screwed to the implants, rigidly connected with a bar, and immediately loaded with an overdenture. Ten patients (control group) received the same type and number of implants in the same area, but the implants were left to heal submerged. Four to 8 months later, standard abutments were screwed to the implants and the same prosthetic procedure was applied. Each implant was evaluated at the time of prosthetic loading and at 6, 12, and 24 months after the initial prosthetic load with the following parameters: modified Plaque Index (MPI), modified Bleeding Index (MBI), probing depth (PD), and Periotest. Peri-implant bone resorption was evaluated on panoramic radiographs taken 12 and 24 months after initial prosthetic loading. No significant differences were found between the 2 groups regarding MPI, MBI, Periotest, peri-implant bone resorption, and PD at 6 and 24 months (P > .05). The only difference was found regarding PD values on the mesial and lingual sites at 12 months (P < .05). The cumulative success rate of implants was 97.5% in both groups. Results from this study showed that immediate loading of endosseous implants rigidly connected with a U-shaped bar does not seem to have any detrimental effect on osseointegration. Conversely, this method significantly shortens the duration of treatment with relevant satisfaction for the patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dimensional accuracy and retentive strength of a retrievable cement-retained implant-supported prosthesis.

The purpose of this research project was to compare the fit of a retrievable cement-retained implant-supported framework to that of a traditional wax and cast, screw-retained framework and to test the strength of the cemented restoration. Ten telescopic frameworks were luted to gold cylinders with a bis-GMA resin cement. The control group consisted of 10 frameworks fabricated with traditional wax and casting techniques directly to the gold cylinders. Frameworks were analyzed for distortion in the z-axis using scanning electron microscopy and a single screw test. Results demonstrated that the retrievable cement-retained group had a decreased gap distance and improved angular distortion (statistical significance P < .01) compared to the control group. Retentive strength measurements for the cement-retained group with a direct pull-out test revealed a mean pull-out force of 65.7 kg. Three of the 5 samples surpassed the tensile strength of the gold retaining screws (76 kg). Cement-retained restorations demonstrated superior fit in the z-axis and angular distortion compared to traditional wax and cast screw-retained frameworks. Retentive tests support a simplified technique of clinically luting telescopic implant-supported frameworks with adequate retentive strength.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Five-year prospective follow-up report of the Astra tech standard dental implant in clinical treatment.

Between 1994 and 1999, 515 Astra standard implants were placed and documented prospectively in 107 patients. Of these implants, 364 were placed in original jawbone, 38 in areas augmented with local osteoplasty, and 113 in bone grafts from the iliac crest. The main indications for implantation were an atrophic edentulous alveolar crest (n = 361) and a shortened dental arch (n = 113). Single-tooth implants were excluded. In a special clinical examination, 56 patients with 258 implants were investigated. The average in situ time of the implants was 34.2 months. Failing osseointegration (n = 10), peri-implantitis (n = 10), and implant fracture (n = 1) in 15 patients resulted in the failure of 21 implants (4.1%). Three patients with 8 implants died from malignant tumor. Currently, 27 implants have been lost to follow-up, and 488 implants remain in situ (95.9%). Under analyses with different implant success criteria, the success rate decreased to 85%. Based on the results in this patient population, this implant was found to be a useful alternative to established implant systems for the indications analyzed.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2001

Premolar development in Greek children with cleft lip and palate.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to study the development of the premolars in a sample of Greek children with cleft lip and palate. METHOD AND MATERIALS: The study material consisted of panoramic radiographs of 34 individuals (22 boys and 12 girls) with cleft lip with or without cleft palate. The boys ranged from 9.0 to 14.0 years of age and the girls ranged from 8.0 to 14.5 years of age. The mean age was 11.3 years. Each panoramic radiograph was matched with a corresponding one of an unaffected individual of the same sex and chronologic age (+/- 3 months). The panoramic radiographs were used to categorize the stages of tooth development according to the 10 stages of mineralization described by Nolla. The assessment was repeated by a second observer. RESULTS: Individuals with clefts exhibited a statistically significant delay of formation and mineralization of the maxillary right and left second premolars and the mandibular right second premolar in comparison to individuals without clefts. In the cleft group, there was no statistically significant difference between boys and girls in premolar development. No asymmetric development of contralateral premolar teeth was observed in individuals with cleft lip and palate. CONCLUSION: Although the exact biologic explanation remains to be found, the formation of premolars is delayed in children with cleft lip and palate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Three-year follow up assessment of Class II restorations in primary molars with a polyacid-modified composite resin and a hybrid composite.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the 3-year success rate of Class II restorations in primary molars performed with Compoglass, a polyacid-modified resin-based composite (compomer) and TPH-Spectrum, a hybrid resin-based composite. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a dental practice, in each of 52 children at least two primary molars were restored. 96 primary molars were restored with TPH-Spectrum using the total-etching-technique and 94 with Compoglass without acid etching prior to application of the bonding adhesive. The restorations were assessed at baseline (1996) and after 1 and 2 yrs according to the Ryge criteria. After 3 yrs the restorations (46 Compoglass, 46 TPH-Spectrum) of 35 children were re-evaluated. RESULTS: After 3 yrs the cumulative success rate according to the Kaplan-Meier-estimation was 79.5% for the Compoglass and 85.8% for the TPH-Spectrum restorations. No significant differences were observed between the two materials with respect to color matching, cavosurface discoloration, anatomic form, margin integrity and caries assessment. The present investigation revealed that TPH-Spectrum and Compoglass are suitable materials for restoring primary molars. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: After an observation period of 3 years, both TPH-Spectrum and Compoglass demonstrated acceptable clinical results.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2001

Microleakage of self-etching primers after thermal and flexural load cycling.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the adhesive properties of a one-bottle self-etching primer system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 150 wedge-shaped cervical cavities on bovine teeth were restored with Clearfil Liner Bond 2 (LB), Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (LV) or Clearfil SE Bond (SE), according to the manufacturer's instructions. Twenty specimens of each adhesive system were finished 15 mins after light curing and 30 specimens were finished after a 24-hr storage period in water. From each group, 10 restorations were immediately immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution and kept there for 24 hrs to examine microleakage. The other 10 restorations were thermocycled (5-60 degrees C, 15 s dwell time, 5,000 cycles), and then immersed in the dye solution. The remaining 10 specimens of the 24-hr storage group were subjected to flexural load cycling (0.5 mm labio-lingual displacement at the incisal edge, 10,000 cycles, 1 cps) prior to immersion in the dye solution. The data was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The tensile bond strengths of the adhesive systems to bovine enamel and dentin were also determined. The data was analyzed using the Student's t-test and ANOVA. In addition, SEM examinations were made to evaluate the effects of self-etching primers on enamel and dentin surfaces. RESULTS: LV and SE showed significantly better marginal sealing than LB (P<0.05). The marginal integrity of SE did not deteriorate even after immediate finishing, thermal stresses or flexural loads. There were no significant differences in bond strengths among the adhesive systems tested. All adhesive systems showed similar bond strengths to enamel and dentin. The enamel etching patterns using LV and SE systems were obscure and difficult to assess. Although the smear plugs were not fully removed, no smear layer was observed on the treated dentin surfaces, regardless of the self-etching primer system used. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Clearfil SE bond could possibly improve the clinical performance of cervical cavities.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2001

Psychosocial functioning and dental factors in adolescents with temporomandibular disorders: a case-control study.

AIMS: To examine the influence of psychosocial functioning and dental factors in adolescents with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) versus healthy subjects. METHODS: The TMD sample comprised 63 patients (21 boys and 42 girls, 33% and 67%, respectively, with a mean age of 14.9 years; range 12 to 18 years) and was compared with 64 healthy control subjects (17 boys and 47 girls, 27% and 73%, respectively, with a mean age of 14.8 years). Subjects in the TMD group had to report pain once a week or more and to have a TMD pain diagnosis according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. Participants were clinically examined and filled out a questionnaire in which self-reported psychosocial functioning was assessed on standardized measures, including the Youth Self-Report (YSR), somatic complaints, and stress. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in dental factors among adolescents in the TMD group compared with those in the control group. Multiple pains in the body and fatigue were significantly more common in the TMD group compared with the control group. Adolescents with TMD also reported significantly higher levels of stress, somatic complaints, and aggressive behavior than their counterparts in the control group. In particular, young adolescents with TMD reported high levels of psychosocial problems. CONCLUSION: In adolescents with TMD, psychosocial factors such as increased levels of stress, somatic complaints, and emotional problems seem to play a more prominent role than dental factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

LongoVital and herpes labialis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

OBJECTIVE: LongoVital (LV) (DK. Reg. No. 5178/75) is a herbal-based tablet enriched with the recommended daily doses of vitamins. The present study was undertaken to investigate possible prevention of recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) during 4 months' daily intake of LV. DESIGN: Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised, clinical trial. SUBJECTS: Fifty-two patients with a minimum of 4 yearly HL episodes. METHODS: The patients were given either LV or placebo for 4 months and followed-up for another 4 months. The number, duration and maximal size of lesions were assessed. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients (Group A) received LV and 25 patients placebo (Group B). There were no statistically significant differences between Group A and Group B with respect to number, duration and size of lesions. Within Group A, however, there was a decrease in all three parameters after 2 months' intake of LV (P < 0.05). The decrease in the number of HL episodes in Group A lasted during the entire follow-up period (P < 0.05). At the end of the medication period, significantly more patients in Group A than in Group B assessed the number and duration of recurrences to be reduced compared with before the trial (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: LV was not superior to placebo in the prevention of RHL although subjective assessment was in favour of LV, and the LV group had less episodes after 2 months on the tablets.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Oligodontia is associated with extra-oral ectodermal symptoms and low whole salivary flow rates.

INTRODUCTION: Ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) involve abnormal development of hair, teeth, nails, and sweat glands. OBJECTIVES: (1) To investigate the frequency of extraoral ectodermal symptoms in persons with oligodontia (>6 congenitally missing teeth). (2) To examine whole salivary flow rates in oligodontia patients, with special emphasis on persons with EDs. SURVEY GROUP AND METHODS: Sixty-eight persons with oligodontia and 39 healthy control persons were included. All participants underwent an interview, general and oral examinations, and whole salivary secretory tests. RESULTS: Thirty-nine (57%) of the oligodontia patients had disturbances in either hair, nails and/or sweat production in addition to teeth and were classified as the ED group. The remaining 29 oligodontia patients had no obvious signs of EDs (non-ED group). The prevalences of dry skin, asthma and eczema were higher, and whole salivary secretory rates lower, in the ED group as compared to the control group. Intermediate values were observed in the non-ED group. Incisors, canines and molars were more frequently missing in the ED group than in the non-ED group, whereas no differences were observed in the frequency of missing premolars. Negative correlations between the number of missing teeth and unstimulated and chewing stimulated whole salivary secretory rates were found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

An evaluation of a new measure of oral health related quality of life--OHQoL-UK(W).

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to test the reliability and validity of an instrument used to measure the impact of oral health on quality of life. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN: The instrument tested was the indicator OHQoL-UK(W), which was developed, based on a general UK population's perceptions of how oral health affects life quality. OHQoL-UK(W) consists of a battery of 16 questions, which takes into account both 'effect' and 'impact' of oral health on life quality, incorporating dimensions and an individualised weighting system. A questionnaire containing the indicator was administered to a sample of 500 adults. Determining associations between OHQoL-UK(W) scores, socio-demographic and self-reported oral health status assessed its construct validity. The criterion validity of the indicator was assessed in the absence of a 'gold standard' by correlating OHQoL-UK(W) scores to self-rating of oral health status. The internal reliability of the indicator was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: The response rate was 78%. Associations between OHQoL-UK(W) scores and self-reported number of natural teeth (P<0.01) and denture status (P<0.01) supported the construct validity of the indicator. In addition, OHQoL-UK(W) scores were associated with socio-demographic factors; age (P<0.05), employment status (P<0.01) and ethnicity (P<0.05). The instrument was also associated with self-rating of oral health status (P<0.01), supporting the criterion validity of the indicator. The internal reliability was high with a Cronbach alpha value of 0.94. CONCLUSION: OHQoL-UK (W) appears to be a valid and reliable measure for assessing the impact of oral health on life quality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Not Available].

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Demography↗
PubMed1999

Cardiovascular risk: the safety of local anesthesia, vasoconstrictors, and sedation in heart disease.

As part of a large pragmatic study, the authors investigated heart rate, blood pressure, dysrhythmic and ischemic responses to lidocaine 2% with a combination vasoconstrictor (noradrenaline 1:50,000 and vasopressin 0.25 IU/mL), and midazolam sedation in a medically compromised population. There were anesthesia-induced physiological changes to both hemodynamics and the electrocardiogram. The use of midazolam significantly ameliorated the sympathoadrenal response to stress, and the greatest hemodynamic and electrocardiographic changes were observed during surgery.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed2000

The maintenance requirements of mandibular overdentures stabilized by Astra Tech implants using three different attachment mechanisms--balls, magnets, and bars; 3-year results.

Thirty seven people were provided with mandibular overdentures stabilized by Astra Tech implants. Thirteen people were provided with ball attachments, 12 with magnet attachments and 12 with bar attachments. The patients were followed for 3 years and detailed records were kept of the extent of maintenance required after placement of the dentures. The bar attachment mechanism required 9 episodes of maintenance, compared to 38 for the ball attachment mechanism and 23 for the magnet attachment mechanism. There was no difference between the three groups for the amount of maintenance required by the overdentures. The design of the ball attachment changed during the study from a two piece to a one piece abutment. It is likely that had this "all in one" attachment been available from the beginning of the study, the amount of maintenance required by the ball attachment mechanism would have been considerably less.

Adult↗