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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Aryl sulfatase inactivation of slow reacting substance. Evidence for proteolysis as a major mechanism when ordinary commercial preparations of the enzyme are used.

Type II B arylsulfatases are known to inactivate slow reacting substance (SRS), but the mechanism is unclear. In the present study, ordinary commercial preparations of Sigma limpet arylsulfatase largely inactivated the glutathionyl and cysteinyl-glycyl forms of SRS, but the cysteinyl form of SRS was largely resistant to the enzyme. Evidence is presented which established that a major mechanism for the inactivation of the glutathionyl and cysteinyl-glycyl SRS types, at least by the particular enzyme preparations we have studied, involves cleavage of the glycine moiety from the sulfur containing side chain. This was confirmed by digestion studies with glutathione itself. In addition, there is some evidence to indicate that the enzyme may destabilize the double bond structure of the SRS molecule, contributing to the overall inactivation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cloning and expression of steroid sulfatase cDNA and the frequent occurrence of deletions in STS deficiency: implications for X-Y interchange.

Human STS is a microsomal enzyme important in steroid metabolism. The gene encoding STS is pseudoautosomal in the mouse but not in humans, and escapes X inactivation in both species. We have prepared monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to the protein which has been purified and from which partial amino acid sequence data have been obtained. cDNA clones containing the entire coding sequence were isolated, sequenced, and expressed in heterologous cells. Variable length transcripts have been shown to be present and due to usage of alternative poly(A) addition sites. The functional gene maps to Xp22.3-Xpter and there is a pseudogene on Yq suggesting a recent pericentric inversion. Absence of STS enzymatic activity occurs frequently in human populations and produces a visible phenotype of scaly skin or ichthyosis. Ten patients with inherited STS deficiency were studied and eight had complete gene deletions. The possibility that STS deficiency results from aberrant X-Y interchange is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Molecular cloning of the sphingolipid activator protein-1 (SAP-1), the sulfatide sulfatase activator.

A cDNA coding for SAP-1 was isolated from a lambda gt11 human hepatoma expression library using polyclonal antibodies raised against human SAP-1. Three positive clones were isolated with inserts of approximately 0.3 Kb (S1.1), 2 Kb (S1.2) and 2.2 Kb (S-1.3). The latter 2 contained an internal EcoRI site. All three clones cross-hybridized with one another, indicating sequence homology. The nucleotide sequence of S-1.1 was determined. Colinearity was established between 19 amino acids obtained by sequencing the amino terminus of pure SAP-1 and 57 bp from the 5' end of S-1.1. The open reading frame of S-1.1 coded for 67 amino acids. One glycosylation site was found 21 residues from the amino terminus, and no stop codons were found. S-1.1 codes for a mature polypeptide chain with a calculated molecular weight of 8955 daltons, corresponding to approximately 99% of mature SAP-1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Juvenile and adult metachromatic leukodystrophy: partial restoration of arylsulfatase A (cerebroside sulfatase) activity by inhibitors of thiol proteinases.

Arylsulfatase A polypeptides were examined in cultured fibroblasts from a patient with juvenile metachromatic leukodystrophy and three patients with the adult form of the disease, with the aid of metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitation. The mutant cells were severely deficient in the arylsulfatase polypeptides. The apparent rate of synthesis, however, as estimated from the secretion of polypeptides or activity by cells incubated in the presence of 10 mM NH4Cl was 20-50% of control. In the absence of NH4Cl, the mutant enzyme was rapidly degraded upon transport into lysosomes. In the presence of inhibitors of thiol proteinases arylsulfatase A polypeptides were partially protected from degradation, and the catalytic activity of arylsulfatase A was increased. In addition, the treatment partially corrected the capacity of the cells to degrade cerebroside sulfates. Inhibitors of thiol proteinases may be of therapeutic value in variants of metachromatic leukodystrophy, in which an unstable arylsulfatase A is synthesized.

Adult↗