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PubMed1990

[Typical combinations of personal satisfaction and their relation to symptoms, diagnosis and indications for therapy. II: Relation of personal satisfaction, symptoms and indications for psychotherapy].

In our sample of psychotherapy outpatients (n = 562) age, gender and education do not influence satisfaction measured by questionnaire. Patients with low satisfaction showed more depressive symptoms, conflict reactions, psychotic/borderline symptoms and come into therapy more often. Patients with higher satisfaction showed to be more hysteric and had more psychosomatic symptoms. Indication for therapy depends more on (dis)satisfaction than on diagnosis. Dissatisfaction with a certain area affects indication for therapy less than statistically evaluated types of answers. Those types (satisfaction or dissatisfaction with all areas) are interpreted as a sign of psychological dedifferentiation. Satisfaction is a subjective phenomenon and does not depend on objective facts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Typical combinations of personal satisfaction and their relation to symptoms, diagnosis and indications for therapy. I: Various areas of personal satisfaction and their typical combinations].

An empirical investigation (questionnaire) of satisfaction with the professional, financial and sexual situation, relationships and life in general of psychotherapy out patients (n = 562) showed high dissatisfaction with all areas. Life satisfaction showed to be the lowest, financial satisfaction was comparably high. Two main types were found by statistical analysis: one showed satisfaction in all areas, the other one showed dissatisfaction in all areas, both types covering approximately 40% of the sample. The other three types and the antitypes are of lower importance. Satisfaction with relations is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for life satisfaction, professional and sexual satisfaction is also of albeit lower importance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Narcissistic personality disorder. A validity study and comparison to borderline personality disorder.

Seventeen former inpatients with NPD were retrospectively compared to 19 patients with schizophrenia, 26 with MAD and 33 patients with BPD in terms of longitudinal course and outcome, exploring the validity of the NPD diagnosis. Two illustrative cases were presented. Results suggest that NPD is a valid diagnostic entity, more distinct from schizophrenia than MAD. NPD probably differs from BPD in terms of equal sex distribution in NPD; poor social functioning, especially in the low level of satisfaction with heterosexual relationships in NPD at follow-up; more rehospitalization in NPD; probably poorer global functioning in NPD at admission; and probably poorer overall follow-up functioning in NPD.

Adult↗