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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[The nature of the so-called symptom-free periods of a disease].

The first structural changes in human diseases are the changes of cell membranes followed by their corresponding functional alterations (principle of the structure and function unity). In parallel with the destructive changes compensatory and adaptive processes (regenerative and hyperplastic) develop that level these changes and prevent homeostasis disorders. The higher is the host adaptive potential the longer clinical well-being can be retained in spite of the existing pathological process and the longer a patient with progressing morphological changes of a given organ is considered to be practically healthy. The first clinical symptoms of the disease appear when compensatory-adaptive reactions are not able to overmatch fully the organ destructive changes and resulting functional disorders. Therefore the preclinical period of the disease results in good compensation of morphological changes leading to the absence of the corresponding clinical symptoms.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1991

[Hemodynamic and metabolic disorders in the early period of traumatic disease].

In the article are presented the results of study and treatment of 804 patients with polytrauma. In part of the patients in early period of the traumatic disease have been studied in complex the states of hemodynamics (circulating blood volume, specific peripheral resistance, cardiac index, central venous pressure, arterial pressure, heart rate) and metabolism (total protein, basal metabolism, the level of endogenous nitrogen in urine). On the basis of the obtained data there is proposed the evaluation of the hemodynamics changes, energetic and plastic losses at polytrauma that formed the basis of the pathogenetic therapy ensuring simultaneous correction of the detected disturbances. It allowed the author to reduce the number of unfavourable outcomes (anatomical by 20.9% (p less than 0.05), functional by 20.7% (p less than 0.05), labour by 19.5% (p less than 0.05) and lethality (at the multiple damages by 2.0% (p less than 0.05), at associated craniocerebral injury by 3.0%, at associated trauma of internal organs and locomotor system by 6.0% (p less than 0.05).

Cardiac Output, Low↗
PubMed1997

Introduction of 6-mercaptopurine in Crohn's disease patients during the perioperative period: a preliminary evaluation of recurrence of disease.

BACKGROUND: Recurrence of Crohn's disease after surgery is a common occurrence, pointing to the need for a strategy to prevent recurrent disease. We report the postoperative course of 10 patients who required intestinal resections for complications related to Crohn's disease. METHODS: All patients had a Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index score of 10 or greater. Among these patients, 5 began treatment with 6-mercaptopurine in the perioperative period. All 10 had received various combinations of prednisone and salicylate compounds. Patients who were given 6-mercaptopurine did not discontinue the medication until 2 years after the surgery. RESULTS: To date, none of the five patients who were placed on 6-mercaptopurine have had recurrence of their Crohn's disease (mean disease-free period 32.6 +/- 18.4 months). Among those five patients not receiving 6-mercaptopurine there have been three relapses (mean time to relapse 3.7 +/- 1.2 months). Log-rank sum analyses of Kaplan-Meier survival curves show benefit to patients receiving 6-mercaptopurine in preventing relapses after intestinal resection (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although the underlying pathophysiologic reasons leading to the high relapse rate after intestinal surgery in Crohn's disease are unknown, we conclude that treatment with 6-mercaptopurine in the perioperative period may be warranted to help prevent the recurrence of Crohn's disease after surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The interrelationships of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and prostanoid systems i regulating central hemodynamics in the acute period of traumatic disease].

Experiments on white male rats with a traumatic shock by the Cannon method have permitted establishing that expressed activation of hypothalamo-neurohypophysial, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and prostanoid systems induced disorders in the cardiovascular system, namely, a decrease in the heart stroke, growth of the vascular tension in the first hours of the acute period of the disease and an increase in the peripheral vascular resistance. Besides, the renin plasma activity falls, which may be a sanogenesis mechanism preventing redundant stimulation of the vessels and myocardium.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

Occupational diseases in the period of socioeconomic transition in Poland.

OBJECTIVES: Current situation in the epidemiology of occupational diseases is a resultant of many contributing factors, such as occupational exposures of the working population, social and economic conditions, medical measures, legislation, and ongoing changes in the national economy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This work is based on the information compiled from reporting forms on occupational diseases gathered in the Central Register of Occupational Diseases run by the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lódź, Poland. RESULTS: A systematic downward trend in the number of occupational diseases has already been observed over several years. In 1998, as many as 12 017 cases were recorded (117.3 per 100,000 workers), while in 2005, this number was reduced to 3249 (34.8 per 100 000). In 2005, the highest incidence rates were noted for chronic voice disorders, pneumoconioses, infectious and parasitic diseases, hearing loss, and skin diseases. The observed decrease in occupational pathology is associated with continued transformations in the national economy. Changes in the nature and level of occupational exposures have influenced the profile of occupational pathologies. Medical preventive measures, such as vaccinations covering high-risk groups have contributed to the reduced incidence of occupational diseases. For example, the number of cases of occupation-related viral hepatitis was seven times lower in 2005 than in 1993. The 2005 data show that over 50% of occupational diseases were diagnosed in workers employed outside industry. CONCLUSIONS: Changes taking place on the labor market, new technologies and most of all transfer of the workforce from industry to the service and administration sectors, will certainly affect the profile of occupational and work-related pathologies. In the present-day environment, the work-related stress has become a dominant factor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behçet's disease and hereditary periodic fever syndromes: casual association or causal relationship?

OBJECTIVE: Mutations in the MEFV and the type 1 TNF receptor (TNFRSF 1A) genes have recently been linked to familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS), respectively. A higher prevalence of Behçet's disease (BD) among FMF patients has been described compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether FMF TRAPS and BD could be genetically related. METHODS: We screened a cohort of 50 BD patients and 100 healthy subjects for the common MEFV and TNFRSF 1A mutations. An initial screening of exons 10 and 2 of the MEFV gene and exon 4 of the TNFRSF 1A was performed in all chromosomes. RESULTS: The heterozygous MEFV mutation (K695R) was found in one (2%) BD patient. Analysis for FMF mutations in the control group revealed that 5 (5%) individuals bore MEFV gene mutations (3 were heterozygous for the E148Q and 2 were heterozygous for the A744S). At codon 202, there were no differences in allele frequencies between BD and control population: 73%R 27%Q in the BD patients vs 75%R 25%Q in controls. Concerning mutations in the TNFRSF 1A gene, the R92Q mutation was present in heterozygous state in one (2%) BD patient and in 4 (4%) controls without differences between allele frequencies: 99%R 1%Q in BD patients vs 98%R 2%Q in controls, respectively. There was no association between the clinical manifestations of BD patients and the presence of a particular polymorphism or a mutation. CONCLUSIONS: Neither FMF nor TRAPS are genetically associated with BD in our cohort of Spanish patients.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1997

[The choice of timing and methods in the surgical treatment of thoracic bone injuries in combined closed thoracic injuries during acute and early periods of traumatic disease].

Clinico-statistical analysis of the treatment results of 624 injured persons for the period from 1990 till 1995 year was conducted. In 509 (81.6%) of them the combined closed thoracic trauma was revealed, in 15 (18.4%)--the isolated closed affection of the skull, thorax, abdomen and extremities have occurred. The anatomic-functional model of the injury severity and prognosis outcome estimation was elaborated, an optimal timing and surgical treatment methods of the thoracic cage bones injury was substantiated, what have promoted to lower lethality from 50%--in injured persons, operated on without taking into account the trauma severity and prognosis outcome, to 31.6%--in operated on in the postponed order.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Silent periods in the abductor pollicis brevis muscle in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Silent periods in the abductor pollicis brevis muscle, produced by electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist or the palmar side of the index finger, were studied in 14 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and eight control subjects. Prior to the stimulation, background electromyographic activity showed no differences between normal subjects and patients with PD. Following the H-reflex after median nerve stimulation, two suppressive phases were observed: early (SP1) and late (SP2). Electrical stimulation of the palmar side of the index finger elicited two suppressive phases at almost the same latencies. The latency and duration of SP1 and SP2 and the degree of SP1, produced by electrical stimulation of the median nerve and the palmar side of the index finger in patients with PD, were normal. The degree of SP2 produced by electrical stimulation of the palmar side of the index finger in patients with PD was lower than that in normal subjects, although the degree of SP2 produced by median nerve stimulation in patients with PD did not differ from that in normal subjects. Suppression produced by cutaneous stimulation in the Parkinsonian hand may be low.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Observations on the recurrence of destructive periodontal disease during a period of four years after treatment.

The upper and lower extreme percentiles of change in clinical variables were analyzed for a period of four years after completion of periodontal therapy in order to assess the patterns of disease recurrence after treatment. This analysis has demonstrated periods of healing and relapse of sites within individuals, among different individuals, and among different clinical assessment variables utilized. As not all of the sites within different individuals heal or relapse at the same rate, the random asynchronous burst model of pathogenesis seems appropriate to incorporate the different clinical assessment parameters and different sites in different individuals simultaneously. Long-term recession and pocketing, however, may demonstrate opposite trends, giving the erroneous interpretation that attachment levels remain constant with time, whereas, in fact, an active "dynamic equilibrium" of tissue remodeling is established. A statistical model based on the dynamic equilibrium concept would enable account to be taken of the multifactorial interactions that incorporate site and subject interrelationships between different clinical assessment parameters. The dynamic equilibrium model may be suitable therefore as the basis on which statistical analysis of the progression of periodontal disease may be considered. However, as the value of this or other models of the periodontal disease process have not been established, the analysis of data to derive meaningful conclusions from complex statistical techniques may be premature.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Differential methods of physical training of patients with ischemic heart disease in early periods after aortocoronary bypass and their effect on the indicators of central hemodynamics].

Seventy two patients with coronary heart disease who had undergone aortocoronary bypass grafting were followed up. In the early postoperative periods (on day 16) the patients had ergometer exercise testing along with chest massage. In patients with complete myocardial revascularization and without complications, the exercise was 50% of the individual threshold capacity, followed by its correction every 7 days after control bicycle ergometry. In patients with incomplete myocardial revascularization or with intra- and postoperative complications, exercises with steady capacity (50% of the threshold capacity) were performed, by enhancing its exposition in a gradual manner. A course of physical training (15-18 studies 5 times a week) resulted in improvement of the patients' clinical condition, and caused a training effect and positive alterations in central hemodynamic parameters in patients with both hyper- and hypokinetic hemodynamic baselines.

Adult↗