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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Two cases of a foreign body in the renal pelvis].

We report two cases in which the renal stone originated from a foreign body which was used to treat a urinary tract fistula by a gynecologist. The first patient developed a vesicovaginal fistula following an emergency Caesarean operation. At the time of correcting surgery, a 5 Fr ureteral catheter was used as a splint catheter elsewhere, 108 mm of which somehow migrated up to the renal pelvis and a stone was formed 4.5 years later. The second patient underwent a radical hysterectomy for uterine cervical cancer. Postoperatively, a ureterovaginal fistula developed, for which a double-J ureteral catheter was indwelt. When she visited our clinic 6 months later, we found the double-J catheter and renal stone in her left renal pelvis. In both cases the catheters and renal stones were successfully removed by means of the percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The complex diagnosis of nonorganic neoplasms of the small pelvis].

The paper discusses the results of examination of 205 cases of extra-organ tumors of the small pelvis carried out in 1967-1986. The study group included 65 pediatric and 140 adult patients, 57 (28%) males and 148 (72%) females, 194 primary and 11 relapsing cases. Patients aged under 4 years (47, i. e. 23%) prevailed. Benign tumors were detected in 83 (40.5%) and malignant ones--in 122 (59.5%) cases. Disease was asymptomatic in 39 (19.0%) patients and presented with multiple symptoms in 166 (81.0%). Rectally, the upper pole of lesion was palpable in 47 (22.9%) while the lower one--in all cases. Tumors which took up as much as two-thirds of the small pelvis cavity were found in 37 (56.9%) pediatric and 31 (22.1%) adult patients. Tumorous or secondary lesions of adjacent organs were detected rectoscopically in 47 of 74 (63.5%) cases: sensitivity (s)-88.6%, specificity (sp)-57.1%; using chromocystoscopy--in 43 of 64 (67.2%): s-89.5%, sp-75.0%; pelvic pneumography-31 of 56 (55.3%): s-68.8%, sp-54.5%; excretory urography-53 of 79 (67.0%): s-88.3%, sp-68.4%; irrigoscopy-55 of 79 (69.6%): s-82.4%, sp-75.0%; angiography-30 of 70 (42.8%): s-90.9%, sp-78.4% and computer tomography--in 42 of 45 (93.3%) patients: s-96.4%, sp-88.2%. Four stages of diagnosis were suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Stereological estimates of nuclear volume in the course of primary tumors of the renal pelvis.

The aim of this retrospective study was to provide quantitative data which make grading of primary tumors of the renal pelvis objective and reproducible by stereological estimation of nuclear volume using the principle of estimation of the mean volume of particles of arbitrary shape. The study includes 35 kidney specimens with primary transitional cell tumor of the renal pelvis. After standard fixation, embedding, sectioning and hematoxylin-eosin staining, an unbiased estimate of the mean volume of nuclei sampled with a change proportional to volume: (formula; see text) was calculated. Here 1(0) is the length of the intercept through a test point hitting a nucleus measured in a random direction. The mean nuclear volumes of the tumors are spread over a wide range, from 159 microns 3 to 1.555 microns 3. Ten of 11 patients with nuclear volume above 800 microns 3 died of the disease while only 8 of 24 patients with a mean nuclear volume below 800 microns 3 died of the disease. This simple and fast estimate of mean nuclear volume seems to provide objective data with a high prognostic value.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Kidney retention of urea in sheep on a hypoprotein diet: study by retrograde perfusion of urea in the kidney pelvis].

In order to study the role of the renal pelvis on urea sparing in sheep fed low protein diets, the pelvis was perfused through the ureter with 1M and 3M urea solutions. Eight ewes were used: four on a regular diet (total nitrogen 188.7 g.kg-1 dry matter) and the other four on a low protein diet (total nitrogen 109.4 g.kg-1 dry matter). On each animal, perfusions were performed on one kidney; the other one was kept as a control. Fractional excretion of urea (TEu) and urea (Cu), inulin, para-aminohippurate and osmolar clearances, were determined during five experimental periods of 30 min each (T = control, 1M = perfusion with 1M urea solution, R1 = first period of recovery, 3M = perfusion with 3M urea solution, R2 = second period of recovery). 1. During control periods sheep on low protein diet have a greater capacity of urea retention than sheep on regular diet, under antidiuretic conditions (inulin U/P = 200). The following data (means +/- S.D.) are all reduced in animals on low protein diet: TEu by 36% (0.38 +/- 0.19 vs. 0.59 +/- 0.28 for normal protein sheep, p less than 0.05), Cu by 55% (0.50 +/- 0.19 vs. 1.15 +/- 0.49 ml.min-1.kg-1 for normal sheep, p less than 0.01) and amount of urea excreted by 80% (2.1 +/- 0.7 vs. 10.4 +/- 2.7 mg.min-1 for normal sheep, p less than 0.01). 2. The linear regression analysis of the relationship between tubular reabsorption of urea and its filtered amount shows that the capacity of urea retention is significantly higher in low protein sheep and that the difference between the two groups is greater as the filtered amount increases. Following 1M and 3M perfusions, the capacity of urea reabsorption by the perfused kidneys is significantly decreased in low protein animals whereas there is no change in the normal ones. The result is that perfused kidneys of the low protein sheep increase the amount of urea excreted during these periods: urine concentration of urea (Uu) increases by 55% during R1 and by 144% during R2, TEu increases by 60% during R1 and by 147% during R2 and Cu increases by 40% during R1 and by 95% during R2, without any variation of urine flow rate. These changes could be understood, provided that an important transfer of the perfused urea to the renal medulla in the low protein sheep would reduce the concentration gradients which enhance urea passive reabsorption from the collecting ducts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Management of the surgically traumatized, irradiated, and infected pelvis.

A plan for staged management of pelvic wound complications after combined surgery and radiation therapy for pelvic cancer is presented. Principles emphasized are as follow: wide drainage and irrigation of infected tissues; creation of an abdominopelvic partition, to exclude bowel and gastrointestinal anastomoses away from the pelvis in order to reestablish intestinal function; wide excision of irradiated and infected tissue; and transfer of vascularized tissue into the pelvic defect to promote healing and obliterate space. When infection occurs in the surgically traumatized and heavily irradiated pelvis, an aggressive approach to treatment must be pursued and is usually successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Pathophysiology of primary renal pelvis outflow stenosis].

Ureteral peristalsis originates in the most proximal parts of the caliceal system. It is then conducted to the ureter by way of myogenic excitation conduction. In the pyeloureteral region, however, there seems to be some sort of physiological blockade and modulation of activity. It depends on the level of diuresis whether only a few or all contractions of the renal pelvis reach the ureter. Morphological and functional investigations show that the pathophysiological disturbance in cases of primary stenosis of the pyeloureteral junction seems to be a complete blockade of myogenic excitation conduction. The principle of open surgical corrections (dismembered pyeloureteroplasty) is not only to create a widely open connection between renal pelvis and ureter but also to remove the misfunctioning pyeloureteral segment and to substitute it by a region of improved myogenic excitation conduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[A case of carcinoma in situ of the renal pelvis].

A case of carcinoma in situ of the renal pelvis in a 70-year-old female is reported. The patient was admitted with the complaints of macrohematuria and left back pain. Urine cytology, which was carried out three times using urine samples collected directly from the urinary bladder proved to be negative. Drip infusion pyelography (DIP) and retrograde pyelography (RP) disclosed stenosis of the left ureter at the level of L3-L4. Selective renal angiography revealed no abnormalities. Based on the DIP and RP findings, the diagnosis of tumor in the left ureter was made, and left total nephroureterectomy with partial cystectomy was performed. The removed kidney showed signs of mild hydronephrosis but no tumor was found macroscopically. The stenosed site of the ureter had scar-like tissue. Microscopic examination revealed that the stenosed ureter consisted of nonspecific granulation tissue but the mucosa of the renal pelvis showed grade III transitional epithelial cell carcinoma, At 24 months after operation, there is no evidence of tumor recurrence, and urine cytology is also negative.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis associated with giant hydronephrosis--report of an autopsy case].

An autopsy case of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis associated with giant hydronephrosis, which is the fourth case in the Japanese literature, is reported. A 37-year-old man, who had been found to have a left abdominal mass was admitted because of dyspnea and lumbar pain. At autopsy the left kidney contained 2,550 ml of turbid yellowish fluid in the pelvis, with a tumor protruding from the cystic wall. Histologically, the tumor was mostly composed of squamous cell carcinoma, which showed keratinization and pearl formation, with focal transitional cell carcinoma and squamous metaplasia. The ureteropelvic junction was slightly obstructed by muscular hypertrophy and fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Radiotherapy of kidney pelvis and ureteral cancers].

The indications and possibilities of radiotherapy in carcinomas of the renal pelvis and the ureter are demonstrated. Based on the literature and our own experience in 22 cases, postoperative radiotherapy should be performed in cases of deep infiltrating carcinomas, after subtotal surgery, and in cases with lymph node metastases. The radiation dose applied should be 50-55 Gy to the tumor bed and 45 (-50) Gy to the regional lymph nodes. Local recurrences can be greatly diminished without severe complications. Therefore, postoperative radiotherapy in carcinomas of the renal pelvis and the ureter can be recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The response of the renal pelvis to infection: a scanning electron microscopic study.

The response of the rat renal pelvis to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection was examined using scanning electron microscopy. Bacterial attachment was noted in regions of microplical alteration with subsequent strand formation and epithelial cell exfoliation. These observations support the hypothesis that bacterial invasion initiates defense mechanisms in the renal pelvis similar to those noted in bladders, namely, membrane alteration with increased bacterial attachment, strand formation with further bacterial entrapment, and exfoliation of bacteria-laden epithelial cells which are eliminated via voiding.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Differential diagnosis of contrast medium recesses of the renal pelvis or the renal calyx system (author's transl)].

Contrast medium recesses in the renal pelvis and calyx system of a retrograde pyelogram or urogram are due to many widely different pathologico-anatomical changes in the renal region. It is the aim of the present study to show up this multitude of differential diagnostic possibilities which lead to contrast medium recesses in the renal pelvis and renal calyx system of a pyelogram.

Contrast Media↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteoporosis of the spine, pelvis and hand. A comparative study in a femoral neck fracture series.

In a comparative study of the degree and prevalence of osteoporosis in the hand, pelvis and spine of a group of femoral neck fractures in the elderly, it was noted that spinal osteoporosis was much more frequent and appeared much earlier than pelvic osteoporosis. Similarly, a one way correlation existed between osteoporosis of the hand and spine. No relationship was noted between osteoporosis of the pelvis as measured by our criteria and by the Singh technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The effectiveness of the lead covering in roentgen studies of the pelvis].

This is a report on the protective covering of the infant's pelvis. Comparative measurements of two customary lead covers, phantom measurements and comparative measurements on infants were carried out. Results show that a properly applied lead cover with a correct lead value (at least the equivalent of 1 mm of lead) may be considered a very effective protection against irradiation, a method that reduces irradiation to the gonads by a factor of 100. The initial dosis is at the surface and, as a rule is below 1 mR. The dosis attacking the gonads is most likely within the micro-R-range. Thus we state for practical purposes that a lead protective cover is very effective in X-raying the infant pelvis--indeed it should be mandatory for every pelvic X-ray taken in infants.

Female↗
PubMed1982

[Primary tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter: value of postoperative external radiotherapy (author's transl)].

Twenty-four observations of primary malignant tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter derived from epithelial cells were included in this study. Thirteen patients were treated by radiotherapy and surgery. In eleven patients, surgical excision was the only treatment. Although patients were not randomized there was no significant difference between the two groups concerning the following parameters: age distribution, sex ratio, stage of disease, histological grade, surgical procedure. The morbidity related to external radiotherapy (megavoltage technique, delivering 45 grays in 5 weeks) was low: only one patient developed retroperitoneal fibrosis. No patient was lost to follow-up. Local recurrence occurred in 54.5% of the patients treated by surgery alone, against 15.5% after combined radio-surgical therapy. The overall three-year survival rate was 35% without any significant difference between the two groups. The authors advocate postoperative high-voltage radiotherapy for non-disseminated carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Microsurgery of the kidney pelvis].

In an animal experiment, excellent results were obtained using both microsurgical mucosa and all-layer, single-knot polyglactin (8/0 Vicryl) suture of the ureter. These results motivated clinical use of this microsurgical operative technique on five infants (4-9 months of age) with stenosis of the pelvis outlet. Both the microsurgical and suture techniques are equally suitable for plastic surgery of the renal pelvis, particularly with small anatomical conditions. However, all-layer suture carried out with magnifying lenses seems to be the simpler method, as the 8/0 Vicryl suture used becomes completely epithelialized intraluminally within a short period of time.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Tumors of the renal pelvis--diagnostic possibilities using CT].

The urographic results obtained in 14 patients with tumors of the renal pelvis are compared with those of computer tomography (CT), and the diagnostic possibilities emerging from CT are described. CT is superior to urography and angiography not only in the discovery of renal pelvic tumors but also in their further differentiation. In addition, CT gives information in case if bilateral processes and lymph node metastases. Nonetheless, intravenous pyelography continues to hold the first place in the diagnosis of pathological processes of the renal pelvis. This holds both for tumor detection and suspicion and for indirect signs, namely the "mute" kidney or hydronephrosis. Angiography is less information with renal pelvic tumors, and with ultrasonic diagnostics there is no sufficient experience up to now.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Value of urine cytology in the diagnosis of tumors of the kidney pelvis].

Based on case report the value of urine cytology after renal pelvis lavage for the definite diagnosis of a renal pelvis carcinoma is demonstrated. The exact preoperative differential diagnosis permits a radical operative procedure without intraoperative tumor exposure decreasing the danger of spread of tumor. The simple and inexpensive technique should be applied in the urologic practice more often.

Cytodiagnosis↗