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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Metastatic cancer in the Jurassic.

Recognition of cancer in extreme antiquity has been limited to osteomas in mosasaurs and haemangiomas and growths of unclear origin in dinosaurs. We describe a metastatic cancer in a dinosaur.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed1981

Histologic findings in mummified skin.

Skin specimens from five mummies were examined histologically. The specimens ranged in age from 2,000 to 3,200 years. Material from two mummies had carbonized and showed only amorphous debris. The histology of the three remaining skin fragments retained surprising histologic architectural detail. One specimen obtained from the sole of the foot was compatible with a callus.

Egypt, Ancient↗
PubMed1980

Fibrous dysplasia: findings in a pre-Columbian skull.

An ancient Peruvian specimen (600 to 800 years old) with fibrous dysplasia involving the left frontoethmoidal region is discussed. The skull is that of a woman aged 20 to 30 years exhibiting marked deformity of the left frontal bone, ethmoids, orbit, and nasal wall. Plane radiographs and tomographic views demonstrate a heavily calcified, expanding process in the frontal region and replacement of the ethmoids by less dense osseous tissue. This specimen represents the second reported instance of fibrous dysplasia occurring in the Americas, further documenting the antiquity of the disease on this continent. The lesion is probably monostotic and has characteristics similar to the process as it is known today.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Infectious diseases in ancient Egypt.

Techniques for studying infectious disease in the ancient world are discussed. A brief survey of infectious diseases, such as schistosomiasis and malaria, in ancient Egypt is presented, and the physical traces of these diseases are examined. A discussion of the ancient Egyptian physician's response to infectious disease is included. There are two substantial sources of evidence for infectious diseases-physical remains and descriptions in Egyptian medical papyri. This preliminary survey suggests that ancient Egypt was far from the idyllic paradise on the Nile that some historians would like to imagine.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1997

Descriptive and metric classification of jaw atrophy. An evaluation of 104 mandibles and 96 maxillae of dried skulls.

A study was carried out on 104 mandibles and 96 maxillae from anthropologic collections to challenge or support the studies of Cawood & Howell (1988, 1991). The data provided reveal considerable individual variations that cast some doubt on the practical use of the classification. It is suggested that the use of individual three-dimensional models will largely replace current modes of depicting resorbed jaws.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2001

Additional manal and pedal epiphyseal centres.

One hundred and thirty-six well-preserved medieval skeletons were excavated in advance of re-development in Norwich. Examination of sub-adult hand and feet bones indicated a high percentage of accessory epiphyses. The majority could be identified by traces of a fusion line. The distal first metacarpal and first metatarsal being the preferred sites. Such additional epiphyses have rarely been reported in archaeological samples and the findings are in strong contrast to the figures quoted in modern anatomical texts. The possible reasons for this apparent variation are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

An ancient "tumour" from pre-Columbian Chile.

A case of an expansile facial lesion discovered in the more than 600 years old skeletal remains of a 22-25-year-old female is discussed. Gross, radiographic and histological studies were accomplished on the specimen. Although a definitive diagnosis could not be derived because of the age and condition of the specimen, differential diagnoses are discussed and a probable diagnosis rendered.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ridges and grooves on the bony surfaces of osteoarthritic joints.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with disruption of the articular cartilage and remodeling of subchondral bone. However, the macroscopic changes seen on the surface of the underlying bone have received little attention. Deep parallel ridges and grooves of the subchondral, eburnated bone have been observed in palaeopathological skeletons with OA. The same phenomenon has been seen in contemporary bones treated to remove soft tissues. Four such specimens were examined in detail and the characteristics of the ridges were documented by reflex microscopy. The depth and peak-to-peak distance of the grooves varied considerably. In each case there was matching of ridges and grooves on the two articulating surfaces of the joint, which fitted together like cog-wheels. This previously undocumented aspect of the pathology of OA may have significance to the function and outcome of an osteoarthritic joint, raises questions on the nature and control of subchrondal bone changes in OA.

Aged↗