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Results for “NOCARDIA INFECTIONS”

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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Failure of sulfonamides and trimethoprim in the treatment of nocardiosis.

An immunocompromised patient with Nocardia brasiliensis pneumonia and empyema acquired disseminated disease due to Nocardia asteroides and died. The treatment of choice for pulmonary or disseminated nocardiosis is 6 to 12 g/day of sulfisoxazole (or adjusted dosage to achieve a serum level of 100 to 150 mg/L) continued for six to 18 months. Combination therapy may be beneficial in selected patients; if trimethoprim therapy is used with sulfonamides, higher than usual doses of trimethoprim may be required to achieve optimal antinocardial activity. When the condition of a patient with nocardiosis falls to improve on sulfonamide therapy, patient compliance should be questioned, serum sulfonamide levels should be measured, cultures and susceptibility studies should be repeated, and a search for sequestered pus should be made.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Immunologically specific direct T lymphocyte-mediated killing of Nocardia asteroides.

Macrophage-depleted populations of splenic lymphocytes obtained from immunized and nonimmunized BALB/c mice were tested to determine their ability to kill Nocardia asteroides GUH-2 in vitro. Nocardia-primed lymphocytes, but not normal lymphocytes, killed N. asteroides. The ability of these lymphocytes to kill N. asteroides could be further enhanced by in vitro activation of the lymphocytes with nocardial cell wall fragments 12 to 48 hr before challenge. The nocardicidal activity of the lymphocytes was greater in populations enriched in T cells and was eliminated by lysing the lymphocytes with anti-Thy-1.2 plus C. N. asteroides-primed T cells were unable to kill a distantly related actinomycete, Rothia dentocariosa, and killed other species of Nocardia (N. brasiliensis and N. caviae) poorly or not at all, indicating that the microbicidal activity was immunologically specific. Light microscopy and electron microscopy revealed a close association between the T cell membrane and the cell wall of N. asteroides, with possible damage to the latter structure. The ability of immunologically specific T cells to recognize, bind, and kill Nocardia may be an important mechanism of host defense, because these microorganisms often are able to escape intracellular killing by macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Nocardia asteroides endophthalmitis.

A case of exogenous Nocardia asteroides endophthalmitis with impending corneal perforation was diagnosed by culture and successfully treated with vitrectomy, penetrating keratoplasty, and intraocular, topical, and systemic antimicrobial therapy. The patient regained excellent vision.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1984

Nocardia keratitis.

Unilateral keratitis developed in a 31-year-old man following superficial corneal injury with vegetable foreign material. The corneal inflammation progressed to perforation and endophthalmitis. Nocardia asteroides was eventually identified in an aspirate from the anterior chamber. Aggressive medical and surgical treatment resulted in salvage of the globe and a visual acuity of 6/15. Controversial aspects of the management of this problem are considered.

Adult↗