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Results for “Lymphangiectasis”

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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Pathophysiology of enlargement of the small bowel fold.

Enlargement of the valvulae conniventes is an integral part of the pattern diagnosis of primary small bowel disease causing malabsorption. The pathophysiology underlying enlargement of the fold and the most typical diseases with prominent folds leading to malabsorption are discussed. Differential diagnosis is based on enlargement of the fold and on secondary signs.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1999

Children with congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia: after infancy.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this original report is to describe the characteristic chest imaging findings in children with primary congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia who survive infancy. CONCLUSION: In children with primary congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia, increased interstitial markings decrease over time and increased hyperinflation is associated with persistent patchy areas of ground-glass opacity.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Clinical, clinicopathologic, radiographic, and ultrasonographic characteristics of intestinal lymphangiectasia in dogs: 17 cases (1996-1998).

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the clinical, clinicopathologic, and imaging findings in dogs with intestinal lymphangiectasia and to compare the histologic grade of lymphangiectasia with clinicopathologic and imaging abnormalities. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 17 dogs with a histologic diagnosis of intestinal lymphangiectasia. PROCEDURE: Medical records of dogs with a histologic diagnosis of intestinal lymphangiectasia were reviewed for signalment, history, clinical signs, results of exploratory laparotomy, and clinicopathologic, radiographic, ultrasonographic, and histologic findings. RESULTS: Mean age of dogs was 8.3 years; the most common clinical signs were diarrhea, anorexia, lethargy, vomiting, and weight loss. Abnormal physical examination findings included dehydration, ascites, and signs of pain on palpation of the abdomen. The most notable clinicopathologic findings were low serum ionized calcium concentration and hypoalbuminemia. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed in 12 dogs and revealed intestinal abnormalities in 8 dogs and peritoneal effusion in 7 dogs. Exploratory laparotomy revealed abnormalities in 9 of 16 dogs including thickened small intestine, dilated lacteals, lymphadenopathy, and adhesions. On histologic examination of the small intestine, concurrent inflammation was observed in 15 of 17 dogs, crypt ectasia in 5 of 17, and lipogranulomas in 2 of 17. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Intestinal lymphangiectasia in dogs appears to be a heterogeneous disorder characterized by various degrees of panhypoproteinemia, hypocholesterolemia, lymphocytopenia, and imaging abnormalities. In most dogs, the severity of hypoalbuminemia appears to offer the best correlation with severity of histologic lesions of lymphangiectasia. Imaging abnormalities are common in dogs with intestinal lymphangiectasia but are not specific enough to differentiate this disorder from other gastrointestinal disorders, nor are they predictive of histologic severity.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1980

Endogenous faecal calcium in chronic malabsorption syndromes and in intestinal lymphangiectasia.

Endogenous faecal calcium was measured by an isotopic technique in five patients with protein-losing enteropathy due to intestinal lymphangiectasia and in ten patients with chronic malabsorption due to severe Crohn's disease (one patient) or extensive small-bowel resection (nine patients). In most patients absorption of dietary calcium and calcium balance were also determined. Endogenous faecal calcium and digestive juice calcium were highly increased in 3 patients with intestinal lymphangiectasia and normal or subnormal in the remaining 12 patients. Absorption of dietary calcium was normal in patients with intestinal lymphangiectasia but extremely low in most patients with chronic malabsorption syndromes. It is concluded that a net loss of calcium in stools in patients with intestinal lymphangiectasia is due to increased endogenous faecal calcium. In contrast, a net loss of calcium in stools in patients with extensive small-bowel resection is due to decreased absorption of dietary calcium with normal or almost normal endogenous faecal calcium.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Intestinal lymphangiectasia in children: a study of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies.

From 1980-1986 intestinal mucosal lymphangiectasia was diagnosed histologically in eight patients (6 weeks to 16 years; four males/four females; seven white). The presenting features were diarrhea (six/eight), vomiting (four/eight), and growth deficit (seven/eight). Additional conditions in these patients included asthma, urinary tract infection, esophageal atresia, hydrops fetalis, inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption syndrome, and thymic hypoplasia. Hypoalbuminemia and edema (four/eight) were more prominent in those patients under 5 years of age. Two had systemic lymphangiectasia and lymphopenia. The patients responded variably to hyperalimentation and dietary supplements, depending on the extent of their lymphangiectasia and the age at onset of symptoms. Dilated lymphatics were seen in the small intestinal mucosa under the surface epithelium. Lesions were often focal, requiring several biopsies or serial sections for detection. Other common findings were mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and mild to moderate villous injury with blunting and edema. Mild inflammation without lymphangiectasia was also present in esophageal, gastric, or colonic biopsies. Diagnosis should be made on the basis of endoscopic findings or in small-intestinal inflammatory conditions even in the absence of a classic clinical picture. Histologic confirmation may require more than one serially sectioned biopsy. This study confirms the diversity of disorders that may be associated with intestinal lymphangiectasia and shows that the disease in infants is more severe and generalized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Protracted diarrhea: results of the five-year survey in a tertiary hospital in Korea.

The syndrome of protracted diarrhea (PD) includes several diseases with diverse etiologies. This study was conducted to characterize the spectrum of causes, clinical manifestations, and the outcomes of PD. A retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathological findings was performed on 25 patients with diarrhea starting within the first 2 yr of life and a requirement of parenteral nutrition (PN). According to the intestinal histopathology, patients were classified into four groups: immune enteropathy (12 cases), lymphangiectasia (6 cases), epithelial dysplasia (5 cases), and unclassified (2 cases). All patients with epithelial dysplasia had earlier onset of diarrhea and longer duration of PN than those in the other groups. Three patients (12%) had an evidence of a familial condition. Five patients (three with microvillous inclusion disease and two with immune enteropathy) died. Sixteen patients recovered, and three (two with primary lymphangiectasia and one with microvillous inclusion disease) still had diarrhea. One patient underwent intestinal transplantation for tufting enteropathy. In conclusion, infants with PD should be referred to specialized centers where advanced diagnostic and therapeutic facilities are available, because histological analysis is critical for the diagnosis of PD, and PN or intestinal transplantation is the only therapeutic option in a subset of cases.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2004

Successful treatment of protein-losing enteropathy induced by intestinal lymphangiectasia in a liver cirrhosis patient with octreotide: a case report.

A 47-yr-old man with hepatitis B virus associated liver cirrhosis was admitted to our hospital with diarrhea and generalized edema and diagnosed as protein-losing enteropathy due to intestinal lymphangiectasia by intestinal biopsy and 99m Tc albumin scan. During hospitalization, he received subcutaneous octreotide therapy. After 2 weeks of octreotide therapy, follow-up albumin scan showed no albumin leakage, and the serum albumin level was sustained. We speculate that liver cirrhosis can be a cause of intestinal lymphangiectasia and administration of octreotide should be considered for patients with intestinal lymphangiectasia whose clinical and bio-chemical abnormalities do not respond to a low-fat diet.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Surgical resection of duodenal lymphangiectasia: a case report.

Intestinal lymphangiectasia, characterized by dilatation of intestinal lacteals, is rare. The major treatment for primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is dietary modification. Surgery to relieve symptoms and to clarify the etiology should be considered when medical treatment failed. This article reports a 49-year-old woman of solitary duodenal lymphangiectasia, who presented with epigastralgia and anemia. Her symptoms persisted with medical treatment. Surgery was finally performed to relieve the symptoms and to exclude the existence of underlying etiologies, with satisfactory effect. In conclusion, duodenal lymphangiectasia can present clinically as epigastralgia and chronic blood loss. Surgical resection may be resorted to relieve pain, control bleeding, and exclude underlying diseases in some patients.

Duodenal Diseases↗
PubMed1993

A case of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia.

A 26-year-old male patient who had an 8 years history of recurrent peripheral edema with diarrhea and hypoproteinemia was evaluated. Endoscopic jejunal and ileal biopsy revealed markedly dilated mucosal lymph vessels with no evidence of inflammation. 99mTc-labeled human serum albumin (HSA) scintigraphy showed significant activity accumulating in the gastrointestinal tract to represent 99mTc-HSA leakage into the bowel lumen. A diagnosis of protein losing enteropathy and intestinal lymphangiectasia could be made. After treatment with a high protein and fat restricted diet, his symptoms subsided and the serum protein level was normalized.

Adult↗