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PubMed1984

[Effect of iron on Pasteurella multocida].

Iron is an important factor for growth, virulence and immunogenicity of the species Pasteurella multocida. This has been demonstrated in numerous experiments with bacterial cultures in vitro and immunized and not immunized animals in vivo (mice, piglets, calves). Iron substrates or iron chelators affect in different manner the virulence of P. multocida in vivo, depending on chemical character of the given compounds, their dose, route and time of application, and also depending on the host. P. multocida has an up to time unknown iron transport system, which can acquire the essential iron from physiological substances, such as heme, ferritine, transferrine, lactoferrine etc. This conclusion results from in vitro experiments with growing cultures, with insertion of radioactive iron (Fe-59) from different sources, and with iron solubilization in neutral pH ranges. In the same way, the iron of iron dextran and low molecular iron compounds is available for P. multocida. Iron of unphysiological complexes, potassium ferrocyanide, and ferrocene is unavailable. On the other side such iron chelating agents as nitrilotriacetate, tirone, ferrocene, citrate, EDTA, and apotransferrine do not or only a little affect growth, and such chelators as alpha, alpha'-dipyridyle, phenanthroline and the microbial siderophores deferrioxamin B and enterobactin are inhibitory substances for multiplication of P. multocida. This substances also inhibit the insertion of Fe-59 into the bacterial cell. The conclusion is drawn that neither enterobactin nor deferrioxamine B as typical representatives of phenolate or hydroxamate siderophores take part in Fe-transport of P. multocida.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Incidence and drug prevention of anemia in pigs in commercial swine breeding].

Studies were carried out to establish the severity of anemia in newborn pigs of sows under various raising technologies and some aspects of its drug prophylaxis. It was found that in the swine-breeding complexes that were investigated more than 50 per cent of the day-old piglets had the subclinical form of anemia (6 to 8 g% of hemoglobin content). With some raising technologies (tying the sows up to the feeders) about 17 per cent of the pigs were born with pathologic anemia (the hemoglobin content was below 6 g%). With the introduction of the new technologies the pigs were born with lower erythrocyte count of the blood. The decrease in the indices of the red blood picture (with some technologies there was also a drop of the serum iron) was seen in the sows too (better manifested when these were tied up to the feeders). The intamuscular injection of the fericin preparation of ferridextran, zinc, and vitamin B12 and B6 (doses of 4.0 g Fe3+) to the sows 21 days prior to farrowing neither hypochlorosis nor erythropenia of the newborns could be overcome. On the other hand, the i/m introduction in the thigh region of the preparation dextrofer-100 at the rate of 200 mg Fe3+ in a single injection to the newborns prevented anemia for 30 days. A second injection 7 days later of one more dose of the preparation did not bring about an essential improvement in the development of pigs. The single dose of 100 mg Fe per pig in the form of dextrofer-100 was not sufficient to produce an optimal antianemic effect.

Anemia↗
PubMed1983

[Toxicity, tolerance and blood concentrations of iron and tylosin with the use of preparation FV-82].

A pharmacologic evaluation was made of a technologic model of a liquid drug form (code name phi B-82), having the following composition: tylosine tartrate 3500000 UI, cyanocobalamine 0.008 g, pyridoxin hydrochloride 0.500 g, tartaric acid 0.100 g, and feridextran (dextrofer-100) up to 100 cm3; pH from 5.5 to 6.5, and Fe3+ 100 mg/cm3. It was found that phi B-82 at i/m application to rabbits, subcutaneous injection to albino mice, and intra-abdominal introduction to albino rats and mice at rates that were equal to ED100 and 3 to 5 times higher than those used with pigs did not lead to local and total lack of tolerance. The acute toxicity (LD50) of phi B-82 at intra-abdominal application to 18-20 g albino mice was 29.2 cm3/kg. The single muscular application to guinea pigs at 2 cm3 per kg of body mass showed good absorption of the preparation - it did not differ essentially from those of dextrofer-100 and aquaous solution of tylosine tartrate used in equivalent amounts. The bacteriostatic concentrations of tylosine were maintained for 24 hours. It was shown that the optimal effect would be produced by a combined preparation having the qualities of the feridextrane complexes with a rapid absorption and those of the erythropoietic vitamins of the B12 group and B6 along with the participation of tylosine as an antibiotic.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of dextrofer 100 and dextrofer 100 with B12 on the growth and fertility of mink].

The effect was followed up of dextrofer-100 and dextrofer-100 with B12 on the growth and fertility of minks. It was found that the i/m injection of dextrofer-100 at the rate of 0.5 cm3 per head (50 mg Fe3+), twice, at the interval of 45 days to a total of 45-day-old minks did not effect essentially their growth. The i/m application of dextrofer-100 with vitamin B12 at 0.5 cm3 per animal (50 mg Fe3+ and 40 mcg B12), singly in the beginning of the mating period to young female minks (at the age of 11 months) resulted in raising the number of offsprings from 3.4 to 4.68 (with impregnated females), and from 4.05 to 5.13 (with those that gave birth), and in lowering the number of those of the males that did not give birth as well as of those that gave birth but ate their offsprings. The weight of the obtained offsprings of the test and control males did not differ essentially between the age of 40 days and the age of 24 weeks.

Anemia↗
PubMed1984

Single-dose intramuscular iron dextran in pregnancy for anaemia prevention in urban Zambia.

One hundred and thirty-three pregnant Zambians from a low socio-economic group had 5 ml of iron dextran complex injected into each buttock at their first antenatal visit. The haemoglobin change between then and delivery was measured and compared with a similar group of 142 patients who served as controls. Of the treated group 84% showed a rise in haemoglobin level (mean change 1.025 g/dl) compared with 56% of the control group (mean change 0.26 g/dl). This regimen may be appropriate for areas where general health is poor, iron deficiency is common and antenatal care is hindered by distance, acceptance or compliance with tablet taking.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1980

Dilute iron dextran formulation for addition to parenteral nutrient solutions.

The stability of dilute iron dextran formulations and of one formulation in parenteral nutrient solutions was studied. Seven formulations for dilute (50 mg/dl) iron dextran solutions and four parenteral nutrient solutions containing 100 mg/liter of iron dextran were prepared. Total iron and free ferrous ion content of the preparations were measured for: (1) the dilute solutions at monthly intervals after up to three months of storage at room temperature and under refrigeration and (2) the parenteral nutrient solutions after 18 hours of storage at room temperature. Four of the seven dilute solutions were stable after two months of storage. The easiest-to-prepare dilute solution (iron dextran, benzyl alcohol, and sterile water for injection) was stable for three months; stability was greater when refrigerated. Iron dextran was stable in the four parenteral nutrient solutions after 18 hours of room-temperature storage. The study suggests that addition of recommended daily doses of iron dextran to parenteral nutrient solutions creates no stability problems; however, further study of the effects of temperature, pH, light, and storage time are recommended.

Drug Compounding↗
PubMed1981

[Inhibitory action of diphosphonate on the development of pancreatic concrements (experiment with EHDP (author's transl)].

The application of the diphosphonate EHDP (ethane-I-hydroxy-I,I-diphosphonate) prior to the commencement of a calciphylactic experiment (SELYE) inhibits the interstitial calcification and fixation of apatite in the pancreas of female rats (dosage: 20 mgEHDP i. p. per 150 g body mass). Thus the inhibitory potency of EHDP on soft tissue calcification is confirmed. Previously, on the basis of experimental results, a therapeutic administration of this substance in the field of clinical pancreatology could not be derived because the most of human intraductal calculi is composed of calcium carbonate.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The plasma ferritin level as a reliable index of body iron stores following intravenous iron dextran.

To determine whether the plasma ferritin assay reliably reflects body iron stores, as determined by the presence of stainable iron in the marrow, 63 iron-deficient patients were serially studied after receiving a total dose infusion of iron dextran (Imferon). In 58% (Group I) anemia did not recur. In 19% (Group II) classical iron deficiency was present with low plasma ferritin levels, reduced transferrin saturation and absence of stainable iron in the marrow. In 13% (Group III) evolving iron deficiency was seen with low plasma ferritin level but normal hemoglobin and transferrin saturation. The development of overt iron deficiency was associated with a fall in the transferrin saturation and absence of stainable iron in the marrow. In the remaining 10% (Group IV) the initially raised plasma ferritin fell in parallel with the developing anemia, reduction in transferrin saturation and absence of reticuloendothelial marrow iron. These studies demonstrated that in the development of iron deficiency anemia following total dose infusion of iron dextran (Imferon) there was a relationship (r = 0.9625; p less than 0.05) between decreasing body iron stores and falling plasma ferritin levels. Accordingly, the latter measurement should replace bone marrow studies carried out for this purpose.

Adolescent↗