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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The concept of superactive esters. Could peptide synthesis be improved by inventing superactive esters?

According to the concept presented, esters forming an amide (peptide) bond by the mechanism SN#DN or SN#*DN involving fast decay of the tetrahedral intermediate may behave as 'superactive acylating reagents'. These should render coupling involving less reactive substrates, i.e. sterically hindered or 'difficult coupling sequences', much faster and more uniform than classic active esters. In extremely cases this advantage could be significant, and the calculated increase in time required for 99.9% coupling substrates 6 pKa units less reactive than the standard ones reaches 2,512,000 tau 1/2 units for classic active esters, but only 631 tau 1/2 units for reaction involving 'superactive esters'. The postulated change of mechanism is expected for esters bearing a leaving group which is able to undergo an additional, synchronous, energetically favored process accompanying its departure, as has been observed in the case of triazine esters. Some advantages of triazine superactive esters in the condensation of sterically hindered substrates are demonstrated.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Who invented the episiotomy? On the history of the episiotomy].

The most frequent operation in obstetrics is to cut ans suture an episiotomy. This technique was first mentioned in 18th century. Yet is took 100 years to be commonly accepted after it was first publicated 1810 in a medical journal. This paper will show the historical development of an episiotomy that nowadays still is a topic contrary discussion.

Episiotomy↗
PubMed1995

[Original technical inventions in ENG].

Authors showed own original vestibular testing instruments. The instruments have been used in the Department of Otolaryngology of the Medical Academy in Białystok for many months.

Durable Medical Equipment↗