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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[A case of abdominal aortic aneurysm ruptured into the left common iliac vein with symptoms resembling deep vein thrombosis].

A 59 years old male with abdominal aortic aneurysm ruptured into the left common iliac vein was transferred to us with symptoms resembling deep vein thrombosis of the left lower extremity, such as leg pain, swelling and dilatation of the superficial veins. At operation, a Fogarty's occlusion catheter was inserted through the right greater saphenous vein into the inferior vena cava and inflated concomitantly during aortic clamp to prevent pulmonary embolism which may be caused by the dislodged thrombi from the aneurysm, and as well as to control back-flow-bleeding from the central. The fistula (3.0 X 1.0cm) was closed from inside of the aneurysm using the inferior wall of the aneurysm. The blood from the fistula was collected by the Cell Saver and re-transfused to the patient. The abdominal aorta was replaced with a Dacron Y-shaped prosthesis. The postoperative course was uneventful. CTR on chest X-ray subsided from 51% to 42%, cardiac output normalized from 11l/min to 6l/min, and symptoms resembling the deep vein thrombosis disappeared.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1983

[Ischemic necrosis of the lesser curvature of the stomach after supraselective vagotomy. Apropos of 2 personal cases and 43 cases published in the literature].

The author presents two personal cases (from a series of 176 operations) of this complication of which 43 cases have already been reported in the literature. Necrosis perforating into the peritoneum is the most dramatic form: fever, pain, abdominal distension and most importantly, the appearance of gastric fluid in the drain (hence the importance of drainage). X-rays show a gas-fluid level in the left hypochondrium. It is important to be aware of this complication, as the prognosis depends on early re-operation (most often an overlapping suture): the mortality is presently 23,5%. One external gastric fistula has been reported. A common form is a necrotic ulcer walled off by neighbouring tissues. It is sometimes quite small, revealed by endoscopy in which case it generally heals with medical treatment. It can be very large requiring operation because of its persistence or because of haemorrhages. In this case, it is most often treated by gastrectomy. The pathogenesis of this condition is uncertain; it seems preferable not to denude the esophagus too much and not to interfere with collateral blood supply: ligature of small vessels, splenectomy, fundoplication has also been implicated. Only one fact is certain: the high incidence in patients with renal failure and hypertension; in no case should these patients be submitted to a highly selective vagotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[A study on cancers in the gastric remnant -from standpoint of radiology (author's transl)].

A radiologic study was done retrospectively of 51 cases with carcinoma of the gastric remnant. In each case, the gastric remnant was resected in Cancer Institute Hospital from January 1952 to December 1978, 1) Descriptive breakdown of the cases: a. 8 cases had benign lesions at the initial gastrectomy. b. 13 cases were found to have recurrent of cancer in the stump or metastasis. c. 16 cases had multiple cancerous lesions. d. 2 cases showed cancer in the reconstructed stomach after excision of esophageal carcinomas. 3. 12 cases had uncertain background information. 2) Chief complaints: Four out of the six cases of early cancer were asymptomatic. In the advanced carcinomas, 22 cases (60%) complained of dysphagia. 3) Period of time until re-resection and periodic examination: The period of time from the initial gastric resection until re-resection was less than 5 years in 22 cases (45%) and greater than 5 years in 29 cases (57%). Thus, periodic examinations employing both x-ray and endoscopy are very important even after 5 years have elapsed since gastrectomy. 4) Radiologic examination of gastric remnant carcinomas: After gastrectomy, particularly in the early period, careful attention should be paid to hyperplastic or granulomatous changes located at the suture line of the lesser curvature and the anastomosis. The sites of remnant carcinomas were found most frequently along the sutured portion of the lesser curvature or the anterior and posterior parts of the gastric remnant in 11 cases (27.5%). Seven cases (17.5%) were found in the cardia and five cases (12.5%) in the anastomosed portion. Therefore, it is very important to perform double contrast radiographs from the left anterior oblique projection which is close to the right lie projection, and to take pictures of the sites from the lower esophagus to the cardia of the stomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Measurement and analysis of x-ray absorption in Al and MgF2 plasmas heated by Z-pinch radiation.

High-power Z pinches on Sandia National Laboratories' Z facility can be used in a variety of experiments to radiatively heat samples placed some distance away from the Z-pinch plasma. In such experiments, the heating radiation spectrum is influenced by both the Z-pinch emission and the re-emission of radiation from the high-Z surfaces that make up the Z-pinch diode. To test the understanding of the amplitude and spectral distribution of the heating radiation, thin foils containing both Al and MgF2 were heated by a 100-130 TW Z pinch. The heating of these samples was studied through the ionization distribution in each material as measured by x-ray absorption spectra. The resulting plasma conditions are inferred from a least-squares comparison between the measured spectra and calculations of the Al and Mg 1s-->2p absorption over a large range of temperatures and densities. These plasma conditions are then compared to radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of the sample dynamics and are found to agree within 1sigma to the best-fit conditions. This agreement indicates that both the driving radiation spectrum and the heating of the Al and MgF2 samples is understood within the accuracy of the spectroscopic method.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Synthesis and structural characterization of a Re(V) complex with a 2N1S donor and the radiochemical behavior of its Tc analog.

A rhenium(V) complex with 2-(2-pyridylmethylthio)-aniline has been synthesized and characterized by UV-VIS absorption, IR, MS and X-ray crystallography. The complex contains a ReO3+ moiety and the amine compound, acting as a monobasic tridentate(NSN) ligand. The chemical behavior of its technetium analog has been studied radioanalytically by solvent extraction, TLC, electrophoresis and HPLC using 99mTc tracer.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗
PubMed1981

Selective area tuberculosis surveys in Singapore 1978.

A random population sample survey in Singapore 1975 revealed that a relatively high proportion of active pulmonary tuberculosis patients remained undiagnosed, mainly in the older age groups. Previous studies disclosed the cause to the lack of symptoms of concern in these patients. A new programme was devised to discover hidden elderly patients by mass chest X-ray screening of population aged 45 years and older living in areas with known high incidence of tuberculosis. The yield of cases was less than expected mainly due to the dislocation and dispersion of population from recent extensive urban re-development in Singapore. Nevertheless the results were comparable to the most productive case finding programme carried out in this department.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Investigation into the acyl chain packing of endotoxins and phospholipids under near physiological conditions by WAXS and FTIR spectroscopy.

The acyl chain packing of various endotoxins and phospholipids was monitored via the main wide-angle reflection between 0.410 and 0.460 nm by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and via the absorption band of the symmetric stretching vibration of the methylene groups v(s)(CH(2)) around 2849 to 2853 cm(-1) by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The lipids investigated included various rough mutant (R) and smooth form (S) lipopolysaccharides (LPS) differing in the length of the sugar portion, lipid A, the "endotoxic principle" of LPS, and various saturated and unsaturated phospholipids with different head groups under a near physiological (>/=85%) water content. The packing density of the saturated endotoxin acyl chains is lower than those of saturated phospholipids but similar to those of monounsaturated phospholipids, each in the gel phase. The hydrophobic moiety of endotoxins thus exhibits significant conformational disorder already in the gel phase. The acyl chain packing of the endotoxins decreases with increasing length of the sugar chain lengths, which seems to be relevant to the observed differences in biological activity. For Re-LPS with different counterions (salt forms), in the presence of externally added cations or at reduced water content (50%), no change of the acyl chain packing density is deduced in the X-ray data, although the FT-IR data indicate its increase. The position of the v(s)(CH(2)) vibration is, thus, only a relative measure of lipid order, in particular when lipids with different head groups and in the presence of external agents are compared.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed2003

Chains of [RE6] octahedra coupled by (NCN) links in the network structure of RE2Cl(CN2)N. Synthesis and structure of two novel rare earth chloride carbodiimide nitrides with structures related to the RE2Cl3 type.

Solid state metathesis reactions between RECl(3) (RE = La, Ce) and Li(2)CN(2) at 800 degrees C have led to the discovery of the rare earth chloride carbodiimide nitrides La(2)Cl(CN(2))N (1) and Ce(2)Cl(CN(2))N (2), respectively. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that 1 and 2 crystallize isotypic in an orthorhombic system (Cmmm, Z = 4, a = 13.3914(8) A, b = 9.6345(7) A, c = 3.9568(2) A for 1 and a = 13.340(1) A, b = 9.5267(8) A, c = 3.9402(5) A for 2). The crystal structures of 1 and 2 contain linear chains of edge-sharing octahedra built from rare earth metal atoms. Similar to [M(6)X(8)] type clusters, the [RE(6)] octahedra are capped by eight nitrogen atoms above their faces, of which four are from N(3-) ions and the other four are from (CN(2))(2-) ions. The chains are interconnected by bridging (CN(2))(2-) to form a three-dimensional network with Cl(-) ions in linear channels. Compounds 1 and 2 are surprisingly stable toward air and water. They have been characterized by thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility studies.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Calpeptin provides functional neuroprotection to rat retinal ganglion cells following Ca2+ influx.

Apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) impairs vision in glaucoma patients. RGCs are also degenerated in multiple sclerosis (MS), resulting in loss of visual perception in MS patients. We examined the involvement of calpain and caspase cascades in apoptosis of the rat retinal ganglion cell line RGC-5 following 24 h of exposure to 250 nM ionomycin (IMN) or 300 units/ml interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and then evaluated functional neuroprotection with 2 microM calpeptin (CP, a calpain-specific inhibitor). Morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis were detected in RGC-5 cells following exposure to IMN or IFN-gamma. Fura-2 assay determined significant increases in intracellular free [Ca2+] following exposure to IMN or IFN-gamma. Pretreatment with CP for 1 h prevented Ca2+ influx, proteolytic activities, and apoptosis in RGC-5 cells. Western blot analyses showed an increase in activities of calpain and caspase-12, upregulation of Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and increase in caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities during apoptosis. Increased caspase-3 activity was also confirmed by a colorimetric assay. Activation of caspase-8 and cleavage of Bid to tBid in RGC-5 cells following exposure to IFN-gamma indicated co-operation between extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Patch-clamp recordings showed that pretreatment with CP attenuated apoptosis and maintained normal whole-cell membrane potential, indicating functional neuroprotection. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Ca2+ overload could be responsible for activation of calpain and caspase cascades leading to apoptotic death of RGC-5 cells and CP provided functional neuroprotection.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Clinical experience of patellar fracture fixation using metal wire or non-absorbable polyester--a study of 37 cases.

The results of patellar fracture fixation using metal wire and non-absorbable polyester (5 Ethibond) are presented. In group 1 (21 cases), the standard "AO" technique using stainless steel wire was used, and in group 2 (16 cases) we used 5 Ethibond. Patients were assigned to the two groups on surgeon preference. Post-operative management in the two groups was similar, with patients being allowed to mobilise as comfort allowed, under the supervision of the physiotherapists. All patients were followed-up until union of the fractures or until further surgical intervention was carried out. At a mean of 2 years and 6 months (range 1-4 years), we reviewed the notes and X-rays of all 37 cases. In group 2 there were no cases of infection but there were three cases of post-operative infections in group 1. Re-operation rate was 6/21 (38%) in group 1 and 1/6 (6%) in group 2. Therefore, the relative risk of re-operation in the metal group is six times that in the non-absorbable polyester group. The risk of infection in the metal group is also higher. These have implication on patient morbidity associated with the operative treatment of patellar fractures. Non-absorbable polyester appears to compare favourably with the use of metallic wire to fix patellar fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Multielectron donors based on TTF-phosphine and ferrocene-phosphine hybrid complexes of a hexarhenium(III) octahedral cluster core.

Electroactive molecular materials precursors are obtained through coordination chemistry of the hexarhenium cluster core [Re(6)Se(8)](2+) on the six available apical positions with redox-active phosphines bearing tetrathiafulvalene- or ferrocene-based moieties. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction study and electrospray mass spectrometry ascertain the synthesis of these hexasubstituted electroactive clusters, containing up to 12 redox active sites. Cyclic voltammetry experiments demonstrate that these compounds can be reversibly oxidized at rather low potentials, thus allowing an easy access to the corresponding radical species which should provide new conducting and/or magnetic molecular materials.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

[Crystalline polymorphism of eflucimibe].

The importance, in therapeutics, of the concept of bioavailability and on-going quality research in the formulation of a drug has prompted us to examine the crystalline polymorphism of eflucimibe as from the research phase. This study has been carried out by re-crystallization of the product in organic solvents having a different polarity in a variety of experimental temperature and pressure conditions, then, subsequently, by re-cooling the previously dissolved substance. The analytical methods applied to identify and then describe the polymorphic forms are thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction from synchrotron radiation (XRPD), infrared spectrometry (IR), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (SSNMR) and lastly maximum solubility measurements. By means of XRPD, two polymorphic forms called A and B have been clearly identified at ambient temperature. These two crystalline forms were obtained in a reproducible way, then described by DSC, XRPD, IR and SSNMR. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis has shown for polymorphic form A two endothermic phenomena with low energy at about 35 masculine and 118 degrees C attributed by XRDP to conformational polymorphism. The complex endothermic event that extends between 75 masculine and 105 degrees C appears to correspond to successive alterations of a lamellar structure. The solid-solid transition observed at 110 degrees C is due to a change of crystalline phase, then the melting point occurring at about 130 degrees C. For form B, two changes of crystalline phase are clearly observed at about 80 masculine and 120 degrees C. The reversibility of these changes was observed by thermomicroscopy in polarized light. Form A, which is less soluble in absolute ethanol than form B, is the more stable thermodynamically in the temperature range from 25 masculine to 50 degrees C where the data have been obtained. The Van't Hoff diagram layout for each polymorphic form appears to reveal an A<-->B transition temperature in a temperature range lower than 25 degrees C. This study, undertaken as from the research phase, has enabled us to highlight the polymorphism of this new chemical entity by means of XRDP by explaining the nature of the endothermic phenomena observed by DSC, and lastly identify the thermodynamically more stable polymorphic form, thus contributing to a better knowledge of this future drug.

Anilides↗
PubMed2002

[Vaud regional hospitals from private philanthropy of the to state-province administration (19th-20th century)].

In the canton of Vaud (Switzerland), hospitals were originally created within a local philanthropic framework which aimed as much at healing as at controlling the working classes. The practice of medicine was still not very effective, and the generosity of a few well-known people was enough at that time to ensure the viability of small infirmaries, run by deaconesses with just one or two doctors working part-time. Towards the end of the 19th century progress in medicine, particularly in surgery, and the beginning of a greatly improved technical environment following the introduction of X-rays, threatened the operation of these infirmaries. It became necessary to build new hospitals, to engage trained personnel in large numbers, to professionalize the management and to re-examine the organisation of these larger and more complex hospitals in order to meet the increasing demand for hospital treatment. This change of scale put an intolerable strain on the philanthropic framework and eventually led to the increasing intervention of public authorities. In the canton of Vaud after 1945 there was a widespread network of regional hospitals, which were heavily dependent on government funding. From being the principal supporter of a hospital network which had arisen from locally-based groups of infirmaries, the state intervened at the end of the 1970s with the aim of rationalizing the system.

Fund Raising↗