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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Straining GOR tolerance determinations are a measure of G-duration not G-level tolerance.

Straining gradual G onset rate (GOR) tolerances are considered by physiologists as a measure of G-level tolerance. Using recently developed G-level and G-duration mathematical models, it was found that straining GOR tolerances may well be a measure of tolerance to G-duration. G-duration tolerance was determined to be limited with the onset of fatigue and not cardiovascular insufficiency. G-level tolerances that were predicted using a mathematical model were higher than determined using straining GOR tolerance measurements of subjects on a centrifuge. Also the G-duration tolerance mathematical model showed that those centrifuge subjects had not expended all of their "energy reserve" during their sustained G exposure most probably because of the onset of fatigue. Even if they were able to use all of their potential energy reserve, their G-duration tolerance would not have allowed them to reach the maximum G-level predicted with the G-level tolerance model. It is therefore concluded that the straining GOR tolerance profile, with G onset rates of 0.1G/s, is not a measure of G-level tolerance, as has been assumed, but is a measure of G-duration tolerance. These findings have significant safety implications world-wide since this straining GOR profile is commonly used as a G-level tolerance fighter-pilot-selection determination; i.e. pilot selection standards for G-level tolerance are not a measure of G-level tolerance. In testing equipment design changes, the proper G tolerance profiles must be used to correctly measure its impact on G tolerance.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2001

Lymphedema management in patients with lymphoma.

Lymphoma and its treatments put patients at risk for lymphedema. The effect of lymphedema and its treatments on quality of life has been studied in other populations, but not in patients with lymphoma. Treatment effectiveness is poorly documented and confusion surrounding lymphedema therapy creates barriers to care. Reimbursement issues and the paucity of therapists limit access to care. Nursing research, care and collaboration with lymphedema therapists directly impacts the quality of lymphedema care for patients with lymphoma. Lymphedema pathology and treatments are described and recommendations are made for nursing care and research.

Bandages↗
PubMed1976

Results of medical investigations carried out on board the Salyut orbital stations.

The purpose of the medical investigations carried out in flights of the Soviet orbital station Salyut were: to further studies and clarification of the phenomenology and mechanisms of changes in the main functions of the human body during prolonged weightlessness; to accumulate additional data on human responses at an early stage of adaptation to weightlessness; to assess the effectiveness of countermeasures against adverse effects of weightlessness during and after flight. The orbital station was equipped with a set of countermeasuring devices: a trainer for physical exercises (a treadmill), gravity simulation suit for long wear, bicycle ergometer, anti-G suit to be worn immediately post-flight, drugs, etc. The system of medical control included daily recordings of electrocardiography and respiration and regular physical examinations using provocative tests (physical exercises of a known force, lower-body negative pressure). Specific biomedical investigations were performed before, during and after flight. As in previous flights, the atmosphere in the habitable modules was similar to that on the earth. Food supply met the requirements for basic nutrients and satisfied individual preferences of the crew members. In addition to the time required to fulfil the flight programme, the work-rest schedule allowed the cosmonauts 8 hours sleep, four meals, 2.5 hours physical training and personal time. The biomedical investigations carried out during and after flight furnished information towards a better understanding of human responses to the effects of space flight factors and the mechanisms underlying their development.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

[Prevention of postoperative deep venous thrombosis in lower limb after operation by intermittent pneumatic compression].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of intermittent pneumatic compression on prevention of deep venous thrombosis after operation of lower limbs. METHODS: From Oct. 1997 to Aug. 1998, forty cases were received Doppler examination preoperatively, which showed no deep venous thrombosis in all the lower limbs of 40 cases. Among them, 24 cases were received total hip arthroplasties, 4 cases were received total knee arthroplasties and 12 cases were received dynamic hip screw. Postoperatively, every case were continuously received intermittent pneumatic compression for 14 to 21 days (2 hours, qid), and venography were performed on the operated lower limb on the 7th day after operation to check the presence of deep venous thrombosis. RESULTS: Among the 40 cases, there were 4 cases of deep venous thrombosis without symptom of pulmonary embolism, the incidence rate was 10%. CONCLUSION: Intermittent pneumatic compression can significantly reduce the incidence rate of deep venous thrombosis after the operation of the lower limbs.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Simple, hybrid deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolus prophylaxis after total hip arthroplasty.

A 7.1% deep venous thrombosis rate followed total hip arthroplasty in 56 patients using a hybrid prophylactic regimen against deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolus. There were no bleeding complications, no symptomatic pulmonary emboli, and no unexplained deaths. The regimen consisted of an initial loading dose of warfarin, usually 10 mg, the night of surgery followed by 2.5 mg/day for 3 weeks, with dosage adjustments only in cases of over-anticoagulation. This regimen was combined with elevated sling suspension of the operative leg, bilateral pedal intermittent pneumatic compression devices, and early mobilization. This prophylactic regimen is simple, inexpensive, efficacious, and compatible with an early hospital discharge.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of sequential intermittent pneumatic compression for filarial lymphoedema.

BACKGROUND: Lymphoedema is a major cause of morbidity in patients with lymphatic filariasis. There is no effective medical treatment and the results of surgery are uncertain. There are very few published studies assessing the volumetric response to the use of sequential intermittent pneumatic compression (SIPC) in patients. METHODS: A 12-celled instrument capable of providing sequential compression from the distal to proximal direction was used in 28 patients with unilateral grades II (n=17) and III (n=11) filarial lymphoedema in a planned 4-week session. The patients were followed up for 6 months after compression therapy by water displacement volumetry. RESULTS: We found that 12 patients with grade II filarial lymphoedema had >26% reduction in oedema volume immediately after compression, but this reduction (>26%) was maintained in only 7 at 6 months. The corresponding figures for grade III filarial lymphoedema were 6 and 4, respectively. The effect in grade III was less sustained than grade II. No complications attributable to SIPC were seen. An added advantage of SIPC was a significant decrease in attacks of adenolymphangitis after compression when compared to pre-compression frequency. These observations were seen even with non-compliance to both foot care measures and use of bandages to maintain reduction in oedema volume. CONCLUSION: SIPC reduces morbidity in filarial lymphoedema though the effect is not sustained. It is simple, easy to use and could form part of the morbidity control programme for lymphatic filariasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Technical consideration of setting up a specification for human centrifuge evaluation of anti-G equipment].

Anti-G equipment needs to be evaluated using human centrifuge before further developed. However, there isn't a general specification for human centrifuge evaluation of anti-G equipment. From related literature and from our over thirty years experience in this area, we sum up to five aspect technical consideration below: human centrifuge, medical specification for using human in +Gz stress experiment, anti-G equipment experimental assembly, principle should be abided by during human centrifuge evaluation of anti-G equipment. We hope that the technical considerations mentioned in the paper should be helpful to the work of setting up a specification for human centrifuge evaluation anti-G equipment. After we have a specification, the research will be conducted orderly and the anti-G [correction of an-G] equipment will be developed sequentially.

Acceleration↗
PubMed2003

[Validity of "Gravistat" device for the improvement of statics and locomotion: interrelation with neuro-auto-immune reactions].

The purpose was to study the interrelation between effectiveness of the dynamic proprioceptive correction (DPC) of static and locomotor disorders at the late residual phase of children's cerebral paralysis (CCP) with the help of "Gravistat" and the auto-immune reactions (AIR) to neurospecific proteins (NSP). Data of an original method of AIR evaluation by the ratio of IgC to proteins S-100 and alpha-2-glycoprotein in blood serum make it evident that the method can pinpoint events in the perinatal period (3.5-18 yrs.) both in healthy individuals and patients with residual CCP. In addition, the method can predict efficiency of the DPC therapy of CCP and, probably, cerebral circulation disturbances, craniocerebral injury, and other conditions with a neuro-autoimmune component.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

+Gz protection of a new bladder anti-G system.

OBJECTIVE: A new bladder anti-G system was developed to get better +Gz protection. The purpose of this study was to assess the +Gz protection afforded by it on the centrifuge. METHOD: Six male subjects using the new bladder anti-G system were exposed to 10-15 s ladder-shaped +Gz profiles without anti-G straining maneuver (AGSM), then exposed to + 5-9 Gz simulated aerial combat maneuver (SACM) with leg straining. RESULT: The +Gz protection and the +Gz-time tolerance were obtained. The anti-G effectiveness of the advanced bladder system was 5.33 +/- 0.26 G. All subjects passed the +5-9 Gz SACM, but the effort and fatigue were lower. CONCLUSION: The +Gz protection afforded by this system is high. The suggested scheme of the new bladder anti-G system is feasible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Rhythmic pneumatic compression of the limb as a contributing element of postoperative deep vein thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients after orthopedic surgery].

A combined prophylaxis against postoperative deep venous thrombosis comprising of sequential pneumatic limb compression using RMP I/K apparatus and lysine or dextran 70.000 administration was of applied in 34 patients after total hip arthroplasty. In 14 cases lysine was the drug, dextran was used in remaining ones. Prophylaxis was evaluated by impedance plethysmography. No case of postoperative deep venous thrombosis was reported.

Dextrans↗
PubMed1992

[Use of pneumatic anti-shock equipment (MAST = military anti-shock trousers) in prehospital emergency treatment. A review].

Employment of pneumatic anti-shock (MAST) equipment is a therapeutic possibility in some countries for hypovolaemic and shocked patients. This treatment may be associated with particularly serious side effects and no documentation is available to prove that MAST is beneficial for the patients. The only meticulous clinically controlled investigation concludes that MAST is without effect in city regions with well-trained paramedical or medical staff and employment of MAST can thus not be recommended. The effect of MAST outside urban regions is unknown and should be assessed by means of a clinically controlled investigation.

Denmark↗