Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “European Community”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Problem severity profiles of clients in European therapeutic communities: gender differences in various areas of functioning.

The BIOMED II 'Improving Psychiatric Treatment in Residential Programmes for Emerging Dependency Groups' project provided a relatively large sample (n = 863) of men (77%) and women (23%) in therapeutic community treatment in nine European countries. This paper's aim is to search for gender differences in profiles of therapeutic community clients on the basis of the different areas of functioning of the EuropASI. A binary logistic regression model was used to avoid the confounding effects of country and age. Our findings confirm what is found in the American literature: compared to men, women have a much worse profile in various areas of functioning when entering treatment. In response, they may require a gender-adapted set of therapeutic interventions at the moment they enter treatment.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Tissue characterization by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging: Results of a concerted research project of the European Economic Community. Introduction, objectives, and activities.

The multi-parameter dependence of magnetic resonance (MR) images allows a unique flexibility of soft tissue contrast and gives access to peculiar sources of in vivo tissue characterization, mainly associated with magnetic relaxation properties. However, MR methodologies have not yet expressed their full potential in terms of tissue characterization for several reasons: a) problems of quality control and quantitation have generally not been addressed by centers using MRI equipment, nor in most of the published literature; and b) data scattering of quantitative measurements obtained from tissues in vitro and in vivo appear to be a major factor in inhibiting or limiting the clinical utility of MRI, for a possible in vivo characterization of pathological tissues. An international project, aimed at evaluating the clinical significance of tissue characterization by MR, was activated in 1984 by the Biomedical Engineering Advisory Committee of the European Communities (EC COMAC-BME) within the 3rd EC Medical and Health Research Programme (MHRP). The scientific achievements of this first project (Magn. Reson. Imaging, 6:171-222; 1988) represented the basis for launching and performing a second Concerted Action, in the frame of the 4th MHRP (1988-1992). Main areas of research of this second project were: a) development of standard methodologies for quantitative measurements of MR parameters and correlation with histo- and physiopathology; b) performance assessment and calibration of MR clinical equipment; c) harmonization of test procedures with other centers and industry; and d) pilot multi-center collections of data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Ergonomics in the industrial environment and ergonomic community activities of the European Coal and Steel Community].

The author stresses the permanent evolution of the working conditions in the industry. He pays a particular attention to the changes which were experienced in this regard since two decades in the coal mines. The ergonomist tries to give an impartial answer to the new problems by means of a scientific approach in order to help those who are responsible for the social and technical progress. The author reminds the principles of this approach. He analyses the definition of ergonomics and shows how this discipline may be applied in the coal mines. He reminds the important role played in this regard by the ECCS, and the realizations which could be performed in the coal industry as well. A comment on the objectives and means of the 4th research ergonomic programme of the European Communities is presented.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1995

African horse sickness surveillance systems and regionalisation/zoning: the case of South Africa.

Central and Southern Africa are generally regarded as being endemic areas for African horse sickness (AHS). With the advent of the concepts of risk analysis and regionalisation/zoning, however, the possibility has now arisen of establishing 'zones' within South Africa for AHS surveillance purposes. In 1993, a protocol was submitted to the European Community (now European Union: EU), proposing the establishment of an AHS-free zone in the Cape peninsula. The proposal is based on historical evidence that AHS virus overwinters (in zebra) only in the Kruger National Park, from where it spreads westwards and southwards every year. The infection only extends to the Western Cape Province once every fifteen years. A ban on vaccination in the proposed AHS-free zone has been suggested, together with strict control of the movement of horses into and through this zone. The entire equine population of this zone (some 8,000 animals) would serve as sentinels. All equine mortalities would be notifiable, with mandatory post-mortem examinations. The establishment of an insect-free quarantine station in this zone would enable the movement of certified AHS virus-free horses from South Africa to the EU and the rest of the world.

African Horse Sickness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retrospective study of similarities and relations between American drug-free and European therapeutic communities for children and adults.

This article focuses on the similarities and relations between the European therapeutic community for children and adults on the one hand and the American drug-free "concept" therapeutic community on the other. Both approaches are reviewed in a historical and comparative perspective with special attention to several critical issues: democracy versus hierarchy, self-help versus professionalism, psychoanalysis versus behaviorism and concept versus social learning. These two different TC-approaches can be considered as subdivisions of one modality, namely an environment for social learning in which living together in a group can be regarded as the primary agent of growth and human development. In recent years there has been a tendency towards further integration of these two approaches.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Greece and the European Economic Community: relations between mortality rates by cause and indices of development].

Greece is member of the European Economic Community since 1981. This paper analyses the existing relationships between mortality rates and several indices of socio-economic development; these indices deal with the rythm of industrial development, the level of urbanization, the quality and quantity of individual consumption. These indices show marked differences within EEC. Among the factors studied, those related to nutrition show strong association with cancer and coronary mortality; the level of urbanization is associated with mortality from cardiovascular and acute respiratory causes. The employment and the BIP are directly associated with mortality from accident, intoxication and respiratory diseases.

European Union↗
PubMed1977

[Spore concentration in cities of the European Economic Community. II. Spores of Cladosporium and Alternaria].

A comparative account of Alternaria and Cladosporium spore concentrations in four cities in the European Economic Community (EEC), is given for the years 1973 and 1974. Sijilar volumetric air sampling methods were employed in each of the cities, and concentrations of 3000 Cladosporium spores and 100 Alternaria spores/m3 were taken as the threshold concentrations for clinical significance. With Cladosporium, although highest concentrations were observed in Brussels, the differences were less marked at the other stations. Highest Alternaria concentrations were reocrded in Brussels, followed by London, Leiden and Munich. During the 2 years studied, the average number of days with spore concentrations greater than the threshold value for Cladosporium were 59 in Brussels, 36 in Leiden, 38 in London and 46 in Munich and for Alternaria, 48 in Brussels, 13 in Leiden, 33 in London and 5 in Munich.

Air Pollutants↗