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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Peripelvic extravasation and formation of perinephric urinoma after cystoscopy.

A hitherto undescribed complication of cystoscopy is reported wherein peripelvic extravasation and perinephric collection of urine resulted from conventional cystoscopic examination in a patient with a small-capacity bladder and vesicoureteral reflux. Prompt recognition, institution of indwelling catheter drainage, and massive antibiotic therapy led to spontaneous resolution of the flank mass. In similar cases, we suggest the use of an Iglesias resectoscope with a continuous flow and suction evacuation, even for cystoscopy and bladder biopsy.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1980

Intravesical instillation of adriamycin combined with low-dose irradiation for superficial bladder cancer.

Ten patients with superficial low-grade bladder cancer were treated with intra-vesical instillation of doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin) with low-dose irradiation (total dose of 800 rads), and the therapeutic effect was evaluated clinically and histopathologically. In clinical evaluation based on cystoscopic findings, all 10 patients showed marked response to the combination therapy. In 3 patients the main tumors disappeared, in 6 the tumors were reduced by 50 per cent or more with or without disappearance of daughter tumors, and in 1 the tumor was reduced by 50 per cent or less with disappearance of daughter tumor. Histopathologically the tumor cells could not be confirmed in 3 patients; the tumor cells were almost nonviable with some viable cells in 2; the tumor cells were almost viable with some nonviable cells in 4; and 1 showed no effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Primary localized amyloidosis of bladder.

A case of primary localized amyloid tumor of the bladder is described, which was confused with neoplasm by cystoscopic, urographic, and other studies. Surgical specimens obtained by transurethral resection were diagnostic.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of postsurgical urethra and urethral strictures by meatal compression-voiding urethrography.

Evaluation of the postsurgical urethra and the urethra with strictures may be made simpler and safer by performing voiding urethrography with meatal compression instead of the traditional combination of retrograde and noncompression voiding studies. Meatal compression-voiding urethrography (MCVU), using a Zipser clamp, was performed on 41 patients with strictures (13) or to evaluate previous urethral surgery (28). Diagnostic studies were obtained in 39 (95 per cent). Surgical-cystoscopic follow-up in 26 patients agreed with the urethrographic findings in 92 per cent of the cases. MCVU demonstrated extraluminal contrast in 17 cases and provided a qualitative assessment of the urodynamic significance of strictures. This method is a simple, accurate alternative to retrograde and noncompression voiding urethrography.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

The myth of the clean catch urine specimen.

Urine specimens obtained from unprepped ambulatory females who voided into an unsterile disposable plastic cup showed a 95-per cent correlation with a catheterized specimen collected from a prepped patient through a sterile cystoscope. From these data, it appears that the midstream urine specimen and its unpleasant collection routine can be eliminated. We have found that specimens collected at anytime during voiding in unsterile disposable plastic cups result in reliable urine cultures.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bladder papilloma: therapeutic and cost effect of outpatient department management.

Management of patients with benign papilloma of the bladder was reviewed for the calendar year 1979. Thirty-six patients (average age sixty-six years) were cystoscoped 113 times with 77 fulgurations. Over-all follow-up of these 36 patients averaged 8.2 years with a range of one to thirty-five years. In 5 patients (13.4 per cent) progressive disease developed: 1 invasive tumor requiring cystectomy, 2 Stage A lesions treated by transurethral resection, and 2 bilateral ureteral and renal pelvic papillomatosis with local bladder control. The average outpatient department (OPD) cost per patient in 1979 for management was $322.80 and for inpatient management $1,785.25. The over-all cost savings for 1979 was $112,608.65 among the patients treated for recurrence on an OPD basis. Outpatient management of benign bladder papilloma is a well-tolerated, therapeutically cost effective measure and is recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasonic and electrohydraulic lithotripsy of ureteral calculi.

Ultrasonic lithotripsy of ureteral calculi has been accomplished using a fine flexible ultrasonic probe under direct visual control through a 9-F rigid ureteroscope. Electrohydraulic ureterolithotripsy was performed by passing a 5-F catheter-electrode cystoscopically under fluoroscopic control. Case reports are presented. It is concluded that ultrasonic ureterolithotripsy, using the technique described, is a feasible and safe method. Although stone fragmentation by electrohydraulic ureterolithotripsy is possible, the danger of ureteral injury and urinary extravasation is appreciable.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ureteral balloon dilatation and stone basketing.

Dilatation of the ureter with a specially designed angioplasty balloon below large impacted ureteral calculi enhances the possibility of successful cystoscopic stone extraction. Current techniques, results, and conclusions are reviewed.

Cystoscopy↗
PubMed1985

Malakoplakia of urinary bladder following cadaveric renal transplantation.

Malakoplakia of the urinary bladder following cadaveric renal transplantation in a twenty-two-year-old woman is reported. Urinary tract infection with Escherichia coli persisted postoperatively. Three years later, gross hematuria and fever occurred. Yellow-tan mucosal plaques or nodules were observed cystoscopically, and histologic examination revealed malakoplakia of the urinary bladder with characteristic foamy histiocytes containing Michaelis-Gutmann bodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Persistent clot anuria complicating renal transplant biopsy.

Serious morbidity from renal transplant biopsy is reported to be infrequent. However, 4 of 43 patients who had renal transplant biopsy between July, 1981, and March, 1984, experienced anuria from upper urinary tract obstruction by blood clots. Although these clots usually dissolve, 3 patients (7%) experienced persistent clot anuria and deterioration of renal function. Awareness of this complication is important. Retrograde pyelography and ureteral catheterization are preferred primarily for diagnosis and treatment. Percutaneous techniques are reserved for those cases in which the ureter cannot be catheterized cystoscopically.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ureteral endoscopy with passively deflectable, irrigating flexible ureteroscopes.

Flexible, passively deflectable fiberoptic ureteroscopes were used in 18 selected patients. The flexible endoscope must be stabilized with a cystoscope, flexible introducer sheath, or guide wire for placement through the urethra and bladder into the ureter. Irrigation through the instrument is beneficial in clearing the visual field and distending the lumen. These instruments can visualize the lumen of the ureter, and the medial and superior portion of the renal pelvis and intrarenal collecting systems. Their diagnostic value is limited to selected clinical situations.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed1987

Flow cytometry based on heterogeneity index score compared with urine cytology to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy in bladder tumor.

Flow cytometric (FCM) examination of DNA distribution based on heterogeneity index score (HIS) and ploidy pattern and of bladder irrigation specimens were compared with conventional urine cytologic examinations to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each method. Of 56 patients with histologically proved bladder tumors, 24 (43%) had positive urine cytology, 41 (73%) had positive FCM, and 45 (80%) had positive urine cytology and/or positive FCM. When bladder tumors were graded histologically, 8 of 11 patients (73%) with grade I bladder carcinoma, 22 of 28 patients (79%) with grade II, and 15 of 17 patients (88%) with grade III had positive urine cytology and/or positive FCM. Of the 28 patients with grade II, 12 with positive urine cytologic results had higher mean HIS (117.5) when compared with 16 (61.1) in whom urine cytology was negative. Of those who continued to have positive FCM in the face of negative findings on cystoscopic and urine cytologic examinations during follow-up, 3 patients eventually were found to have tumors (2 distal ureter, 1 bladder). These results indicate that FCM examinations for DNA distribution of bladder irrigation specimens are as useful as conventional urine cytology in the management of bladder tumors, can be more sensitive for detection and monitoring of the disease, and can contribute further to accurate diagnosis of the disease when combined with conventional urine cytology.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1987

Ectopic prostatic glands in bulbar urethra. Immunoperoxidase study.

Ectopic prostatic glands in the bulbar urethra of a sixty-year-old man were identified by an indirect immunoperoxidase stain for prostatic acid phosphatase. Cystoscopically the appearances were those of "urethritis" without the polypoid appearance previously reported in cases of ectopic prostatic tissue.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Invasive adenocarcinoma of bladder response to cisplatinum, methotrexate, and vinblastine chemotherapy.

Primary invasive adenocarcinoma of the bladder was diagnosed in a fifty-two-year-old male with a two-month history of irritative voiding symptoms. He was treated with three courses of cisplatinum, methotrexate, and vinblastine with marked regression of tumor shown radiographically and cystoscopically. Subsequent prostatocystectomy and ileal loop diversion revealed invasive tumor through the bladder wall to regional lymph nodes. The patient had two postoperative courses of the same chemotherapeutic regimen and is without evidence of disease recurrence at one year.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Ureteroscopic retrieval of proximally located ureteral stents.

Indwelling self-retaining ureteral stents are important for the maintenance of urinary drainage in the ureter threatened by obstruction by neoplasm, edema, or calculus. Proximal migration of the stent into the ureter prevents simple cystoscopic retrieval and necessitates removal by other techniques. In this series both rigid and flexible ureteroscopes were used to remove stents from locations ranging from the renal pelvis to the distal ureter in 16 patients. Three-pronged wire graspers was the retrieval instrument most frequently used. Stents were removed in all patients without complication. Ureteroscopy provides the most convenient and least invasive technique for removing stents proximally located in the upper urinary system.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed1991

Computer-assisted microfluorometric detection of individual malignant bladder cells.

A prospective study was done comparing the use of computer-assisted fluorescence photomicroscopy (cytophotometry) with routine cytology for the detection of human bladder cancers. A total of 129 specimens were analyzed from 89 patients. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I, with cancer demonstrated cystoscopically (55 specimens) and Group II, with no demonstrable cancer (74 specimens). The false-negative rate for cytology in the Group I patients was 64 percent but only 7 percent for microfluorometry. The false-positive rate for cytology in Group II was 5 percent but 59 percent for microfluorometry because of the presence of "reactive" cells. The sequential measurement of both routine cytology and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content can be performed on the same cells. When both modalities were employed, the false-negative and false-positive rates were only 4 percent and 5 percent, respectively. The technique and advantages of cytophotometry are discussed in detail, especially in relation to flow cytometry.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1992

Value of balloon dilation in treatment of youthful patients with prostatism.

Forty-three youthful patients with uncomplicated prostatism were prospectively evaluated to test the safety and efficacy of transurethral balloon dilation (TUDP). Treatment consisted of cystoscopic placement of an intraprostatic balloon inflated to 25 mm diameter at 3 atm pressure for ten minutes. At longest follow-up (9.8 months, average; 3-24 months, range), 88 percent of patients were satisfied with overall treatment results. The average improvements in voiding symptom score and peak uroflow were 77 percent and 73 percent, respectively. Mean improvements over pretreatment levels were statistically significant at one month (p less than 0.01) and remained so for the entire follow-up period. No incontinence, impotency, retrograde ejaculation, sepsis, or serious bleeding developed. An intraprostatic fissure, which spared the bladder neck, was a uniform finding and the most likely mechanism of lasting action of TUDP. In the relief of uncomplicated prostatism in youthful patients, TUDP compares favorably with other treatment alternatives.

Aged↗