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Results for “Consensus Development Conference, NIH”

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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Standard definitions for childhood injury research: excerpts of a conference report.

As awareness of the huge human and other costs of injury has grown, research has expanded. There has not been any standard set of terminology for use in this research. As a result, research and surveillance data are too often difficult to interpret and compare. To overcome this impediment to gains in needed knowledge about childhood injuries, a conference was held in 1989 by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development to develop a set of standard definitions. The full conference report is available from the US Government Printing Office. This report presents excerpts, emphasizing those--core--variables likely to be of use to the largest number of investigators. The conference recommendations presented address cross-cutting factors (age, race/ethnicity, location, socioeconomic status, and biopsychosocial development), effect modifiers (exposure, medical risk factors, substance abuse, time, injury severity, and social risk factors), and specific injuries (motor vehicle injuries, central nervous system injuries, falls, fire/burns, drowning, and violence). It is expected that childhood injury investigators will strive to meet the recommendations of this conference and that use of these definitions will lead to improvements in research and, ultimately, to revision of the definitions.

Child↗
PubMed2005

National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science Conference statement. Improving End-of-Life Care. December 6-8, 2004.

The draft conference statement is presented in its entirety. This report addresses five important questions, i.e. What defines the transition to end of life; What outcome variables are important indicators of the quality of the end-of-life experience for the dying person and for the surviving loved ones; What patient, family, and health care system factors are associated with improved or worsened outcomes; What processes and interventions are associated with improved or worsened outcomes; What are the future research directions for improving end-of-life care? The report includes conclusions, a list of panel members, speakers, the planning committee and conference sponsors.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1992

Lumpectomy for breast cancer: an update of the NSABP experience. National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project.

The data in this report continue to indicate, as first noted in 1985, that lumpectomy followed by breast irradiation in all patients, and adjuvant chemotherapy in women with positive nodes, is appropriate therapy for negative- or positive-node patients with tumors 4 cm or less in size, provided that the margins of the resected specimens are free of tumor. The value of irradiation in reducing the incidence of tumor in the ipsilateral breast after lumpectomy continues to be significant in all patients regardless of nodal status, age, or tumor size. A multivariate analysis indicates that, in all patients, three covariates, ie, treatment, tumors with poor histologic type, and tumors with a maximum pathologic size greater than or equal to 2 cm, are significant predictors of breast tumor recurrence following lumpectomy. Of particular significance is the continuing observation that the distant disease-free survival (DDFS) and survival (S) of patients in the three treatment groups (total mastectomy, lumpectomy alone, and lumpectomy followed by breast irradiation) demonstrate no significant difference through 9 years of follow-up, despite the fact that the total mastectomy group (by virtue of breast removal) had no breast tumor recurrence, that lumpectomy patients treated with breast irradiation had a 10% ipsilateral tumor recurrence, and that patients treated by lumpectomy alone demonstrated a 40% recurrence of tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2005

Prevention of youth violence.

Youth violence is widely recognized as a major public health problem. Concern over the number of youth affected by violence in their homes, communities, and in schools has precipitated considerable discussion in the popular press and in professional journals. This article reviews recent activity to reduce youth violence with an emphasis on activity taking place in Maryland. The number of youth murdered or exposed to violence in Maryland remains too high. Although most of our youth are resilient, they are not unaffected by the violence that surrounds them. Exposure to violence places children at high risk for a variety of emotional and behavioral problems, such as poor academic performance, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and inadequate socialization and development.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis and management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference. October 29-31, 1990.

The National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on Diagnosis and Management of Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism brought together endocrinologists, surgeons, radiologists, epidemiologists, and primary health care providers as well as the public to address indications for surgery in asymptomatic patients with hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and how patients not operated on should be monitored and managed to minimize the risk of complications of HPT. Following 1 1/2 days of presentations by experts and discussion by the audience, a consensus panel weighed the evidence and prepared their consensus statement. Among their findings, the panel concluded that (1) a diagnosis of HPT is established by demonstrating persistent hypercalcemia together with an elevated serum parathyroid hormone concentration; (2) current and acceptable treatment for HPT is surgery to cure the condition; (3) the diagnosis of HPT in an asymptomatic patient does not in all cases mandate referral for surgery; conscientious surveillance may be justified in patients whose calcium levels are only mildly elevated and whose renal and bone status are close to normal; and (4) preoperative localization in patients without prior neck operation is rarely indicated and not proven to be cost-effective.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[History and pathophysiologic analysis of the various techniques in bariatric surgery].

Bariatric surgery for the treatment of morbid obesity or overweight refractory to medical therapy was born at the beginning of second half of the twentieth century, and its first steps were uncertain and with a not jet well definite purpose. In fact the main result to be pursued seemed to be simply the reduction of body weight, and any change of anatomy of the digestive tract able to reduce the absorbtion of nutrients was judged adequate. But very early the adverse consequences of malabsorption so obtained became evident, and other operations possibly free from those complications were devised and clinically tested. So aside the by-pass operations many other surgical procedures found their room, all of them aiming to fight the ever more diffuse obesity of the people. This historical review of the various surgical procedures attempted in these last sixty years for morbid obesity is very interesting for a better understanding of the problem and to have a solid basis for future rational choices.

Bariatric Surgery↗
PubMed1991

Sleeping giant.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2006

National Institutes of Health state-of-the-science conference statement: Cesarean delivery on maternal request March 27-29, 2006.

OBJECTIVE: To provide health care providers, patients, and the general public with a responsible assessment of currently available data on cesarean delivery on maternal request. PARTICIPANTS: A non-U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, nonadvocate 18-member panel representing the fields of obstetrics and gynecology, preventive medicine, biometrics, family planning and reproductive physiology, nurse midwifery, anesthesiology, patient safety, epidemiology, pediatrics, perinatal medicine, urology, urogynecology, general nursing, inner-city public health sciences, law, psychiatry, and health services research. In addition, 18 experts from pertinent fields presented data to the panel and conference audience. EVIDENCE: Presentations by experts and a systematic review of the literature prepared by the RTI International-University of North Carolina Evidence-based Practice Center, through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Scientific evidence was given precedence over anecdotal experience. CONFERENCE PROCESS: The panel drafted its statement based on scientific evidence presented in open forum and on published scientific literature. The draft statement was presented on the final day of the conference and circulated to the audience for comment. The panel released a revised statement later that day at http://consensus.nih.gov. This statement is an independent report of the panel and is not a policy statement of the National Institutes of Health or the federal government. CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of cesarean delivery on maternal request is difficult to quantify. There is insufficient evidence to evaluate fully the benefits and risks of cesarean delivery on maternal request compared with planned vaginal delivery. Any decision to perform a cesarean delivery on maternal request should be carefully individualized and consistent with ethical principles.

Cesarean Section↗