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Results for “Compulsive Personality Disorder”

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PubMed1989

Job involvement and Machiavellianism: obsession-compulsion or detachment?

This study addressed a conflicting finding in the Machiavellianism literature--the direction of the relationship between job involvement and Machiavellianism. Although the results did not verify the positive relationship implicit in the view of job involvement as obsession-compulsion, they did confirm the negative relationship implicit in the characterization of Machiavellians as somewhat detached from their surroundings and uninvolved in their jobs.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Rebirth in a therapeutic community: a case study.

In most research on human behavior the experience of the subjects is filtered through the perspective of the behavioral scientist as observer and interpreter. In the narrative which is the principal portion of this study, a subject--in this case, a patient--reports directly both as subject and social scientist. An alternate title for the study might be, "the experiencing of a total institution". In contrast to what might be expected from much of the sociological literature on total institutions, this experience turned out to be a pleasant and positive one.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1979

Regression in organizational leadership.

The choice of good leaders is a major task for all organizations. Inforamtion regarding the prospective administrator's personality should complement questions regarding his previous experience, his general conceptual skills, his technical knowledge, and the specific skills in the area for which he is being selected. The growing psychoanalytic knowledge about the crucial importance of internal, in contrast to external, object relations, and about the mutual relationships of regression in individuals and in groups, constitutes an important practical tool for the selection of leaders.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1990

Termination in midadolescence.

At the start of the terminal phase, the patient wrestled with the conflict of whether to leave treatment and establish himself as a self-reliant young man or cling to the analyst, who represented, ambivalently, significant protective power. The resolution of the transference neurosis during the termination phase of a six-year analysis in this midadolescent bore a strong resemblance to work with adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexuality in women with obsessive compulsive disorder.

This study assessed the effect of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) on sexual function. Twenty-three outpatients who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) diagnostic criteria for OCD were obtained from consecutive cases recruited to Osmangazi University Department of Psychiatry and were compared to a group of 26 generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) female outpatients. Psychiatric, psychological, and sexual information was obtained with the Maudlsey Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory (Hodgson & Rachman, 1977), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, Gorsuch, & Lushere, 1970), and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (Rust & Golombok, 1986). We found that the women with OCD were more sexually nonsensual, avoidant, and anorgasmic than the women with GAD. These data suggest that OCD may be a risk factor for sexual problems in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Anaesthetic ejaculation.

Literature on the uncommon symptom of anaesthetic ejaculation and the relevant physiology is reviewed. Seven case vignettes describing the clinical pictures, background histories and common features of this problem are presented, along with some psychometric data. No physical causative factors could be elucidated. The main features shared in common by these men were problems in the recognition and expression of emotions, and a performance orientation. Treatment by sex-therapy procedures was ineffective.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Marital satisfaction during recovery from self-identified sexual addiction among bisexual men and their wives.

To learn the effect of the self-label of "sexual addict" on the marital adjustment of bisexual married men, we studied a specific subset who viewed their homosexual activities as addictive. Forty men and women, representing 22 marriages, were studied via telephone interviews and/or written surveys. All had committed to monogamy when they joined 12-step, self-help programs four months to six years previously. Current marriage ratings were good for 47%, average for 37%, and poor for 16% of couples. Ten couples (45%) believed their current sexual relationship was good, 27% rated it poor, and 27% were abstinent at the time of the study. Although a strong homosexual identity was associated with difficulties in marital satisfaction, viewing the same-sex activities as compulsive facilitated commitment to the marriage and to monogamy.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

The transgenerational transmission of holocaust trauma. Lessons learned from the analysis of an adolescent with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

This paper outlines an attachment-theory based model of transgenerational trauma inspired by the successful psychoanalytic treatment of a severely disturbed adolescent with obsessive-compulsive disorder who was the first child of the first daughter of a holocaust survivor. It is proposed that the transmission of specific traumatic ideas across generations may be mediated by a vulnerability to dissociative states established in the infant by frightened or frightening caregiving, which, in its turn, is trauma-related. Disorganized attachment behaviour in infancy may indicate an absence of self-organization, or a dissociative core self. This leaves the child susceptible to the internalization of sets of trauma-related ideation from the attachment figure, which remain unintegrated in the self-structure and cannot be reflected on or thought about. The disturbing effect of these ideas may be relatively easily addressed by a psychotherapeutic treatment approach that emphasizes the importance of mentalization and the role of playful engagement with feelings and beliefs rather than a classical insight-oriented, interpretive approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Psychometric properties of the French and English versions of the Vancouver Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory and the Symmetry Ordering and Arranging Questionnaire.

The Vancouver Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory (VOCI) and the Symmetry Ordering and Arranging Questionnaire (SOAQ) are self-report measures that assess a wide variety of symptoms and features of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) including checking, contamination, obsessions, hoarding, "just right", indecisiveness, and symmetry, ordering and arranging obsessions and compulsions. The original English versions of the VOCI and SOAQ have been shown to demonstrate excellent psychometric properties. The present study examined the reliability and validity of French translations of these measures in a non-clinical sample, and also involved the collection of supplementary psychometric information about the English versions of the scales from a new sample. Volunteer undergraduate students completed questionnaire packages including the VOCI and SOAQ, as well as measures of obsessive-compulsive, phobic and depressive symptomatology in their native language of either French or English. Results indicate that the French versions of the VOCI and SOAQ demonstrate similar and excellent psychometric properties to the English versions and that these measures are highly valid and reliable assessment tools for use in clinical and research applications in both languages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Performance of clinician versus self-report measures to identify obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to study agreement between clinician-rated measures and self-report measures previously used in epidemiologic studies to identify obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in youth and to determine the adequacy of self-report measures as screening instruments. METHOD: Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version (LOI-CV) survey form self-report and Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) clinician-report measures were compared in a sample of 81 OCD-affected youths diagnosed using structured diagnostic interviews and the best-estimate method. Sensitivities and agreement between tests are determined for different cutoff scores. RESULTS: The LOI-CV survey form total (item+interference) score is correlated with KSADS-E OCD severity (r=0.37, p=0.001) but not clinician-rated GAF scores (r=-0.18, p=0.12). LOI-CV survey form sensitivities at cutoff scores of 15, 20, 25, and 30 are 55%, 36%, 28%, and 19%, respectively. CY-BOCS scores are correlated with subject-rated interview severity (p<0.001) and clinician-rated GAF scores (p or=0.03), but correlate with the CY-BOCS compulsion subscore. CONCLUSIONS: The clinician-rated CY-BOCS measure using parent and child reporting performs superiorly to the subject-rated LOI-CV measure using child reporting to identify pediatric OCD in a clinically referred population. Because self-report measures have been used in epidemiological studies, youth OCD prevalence rates may be higher than previously reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary and secondary substance misusers: do they differ in substance-induced and substance-independent mental disorders?

AIMS: This study evaluated the primary/secondary distinction among substance misusers according to comorbid mental disorders. METHODS: A consecutive sample (n = 287) of DSM-IV substance dependents from public treatment facilities in two counties in Norway were assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. According to the debut of the first independent mental disorder, patients were divided into primary substance use disorder (SUD) (17%), secondary SUD (76%) and SUD in the same year as the first mental disorder (7%). RESULTS: A lifetime substance-independent mental disorder was found in 90%. Forty-two per cent had a combination of substance-independent and substance-induced mental disorders. Five per cent had substance-induced mental disorders only. Primary SUD patients comprised less women, and a lower number of substance-independent mental disorders. Secondary SUD patients had more major depression, phobic disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder. There were no differences between primary SUD and secondary SUD regarding the number of substance-induced disorders or the pattern of substance misuse. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical differences between primary and secondary SUD were small and do not support the distinction.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Does the SCL 90-R obsessive-compulsive dimension identify cognitive impairments?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relevance of the Symptom Checklist 90-R Obsessive-Compulsive subscale to cognition in individuals with brain tumor. DESIGN: A prospective study of patients assessed with a neuropsychological test battery. SETTING: A university medical center. PATIENTS: Nineteen adults with biopsy-confirmed diagnoses of malignant brain tumors were assessed prior to aggressive chemotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Included in the assessment were the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, California Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test B, Symptom Checklist 90-R, Mood Assessment Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Chronic Illness Problem Inventory. RESULTS: The SCL 90-R Obsessive-Compulsive subscale was not related to objective measures of attention, verbal memory, or age. It was related significantly to symptoms of depression (r = .81, P < .005), anxiety (r = .66, P < .005), and subjective complaints of memory problems (r = .75, P < .005). Multivariate analyses indicated that reported symptoms of depression contributed 66% of the variance in predicting SCL 90-R Obsessive-Compulsive Scores, whereas symptoms of anxiety contributed an additional 6% (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the SCL 90-R is best viewed as an indicator of unidimensional emotional distress and somatic effects of structural brain injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents: phenomenology and family history.

Phenomenology and family history in 21 clinically referred children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder are described. Each child and family participated in a standard clinical psychiatric assessment. The most frequently reported symptoms were repeating rituals, washing, ordering and arranging, checking, and contamination concerns. Controlling behaviors involving other family members were seen in 57% of the patients. Associated psychopathology was common: 38% received an anxiety disorder diagnosis; 29% received a mood disorder diagnosis; tics were observed in 24%. Fifteen (71%) of the children had a parent with either obsessive compulsive disorder (N = 4) or obsessive-compulsive symptoms (N = 11). The clinical and research implications of these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗