Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Coca”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Na+-Li+ countertransport in essential hypertension.

Several studies on Na+-Li+ countertransport have reported higher rates in essential hypertensive than in normotensives, with a distribution pattern which is dependent on racial and ethnic background. However, it is not well established whether this abnormality in Na+ transport is associated with an abnormal clinical setting. In the present study we have performed a kinetic analysis of the interaction of the Na+-Li+ countertransport system with internal Na+ in erythrocytes from a sample of 72 essential hypertensives and 30 normotensive controls. A significant increase in mean values of the maximal rate of Li+-stimulated Na+ efflux (Vmax; 375.1 +/- 23.8 versus 213.7 +/- 8.5 mumol/l cells per h; mean +/- s.e.m.; Mann-Whitney test: U = 500; P less than 0.0001), as well as in the apparent affinity constant for internal Na+ (KNa; 10.03 +/- 0.08 versus 6 +/- 0.4 mmol/l cells; Mann-Whitney test: U = 718; P less than 0.0079), were observed in essential hypertensives with respect to normotensives. Using the 95% confidence interval of Vmax in normotensives as the normal range, 29 (40.3%) of the essential hypertensives exhibited values above the normal upper limit. The maximal rate (Vmax) and the internal Na+ content required for half-maximal stimulation (K50%) of Na+-K+ ATPase and outward Na+-K+ cotransport, and the rate constant of Na+ leak (KPNa) in this subset were similar to the values observed in the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The impact of different echocardiographic diagnostic criteria on the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension: the VITAE study. Ventriculo Izquierdo Tension Arterial España.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension ranges from 12 to 96% depending on the threshold values used to define it, and on the selection bias. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy by different criteria in essential hypertensives seen in primary care centres. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in a population-based sample of 946 essential hypertensives randomly selected in 39 primary care centres across Spain. Echocardiographic studies were performed in reference hospitals by trained observers (concordance Cohen kappa index > 0.7) and analysed by a single observer. RESULTS: Prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy ranged from 59.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 56.1 -62.3] by Framingham criteria to 72.7% (95% CI 69.9-75.6) using the criteria of De Simone et al. (J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 25: 1056-1062). Prevalence was higher in males by the Cornell-Penn criteria, but higher in females when using Framingham or De Simone et al. criteria. Eccentric hypertrophy was more frequent (51.3-54.1%) independently of the criteria used, particularly when adjusting wall-thickness-ratio for age (56.2-58.9%). Concentric remodelling was present in 6.5-11.4% and only 20.8-29.7% of patients had no evidence of left ventricular structural alterations. Factors independently associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in the logistic regression analysis were age, gender, systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and body mass index. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of echo left ventricular structural alterations among essential hypertensives seen in primary care centres in Spain ranged from 70.3 to 79.2% depending on the threshold values used. Left ventricular hypertrophy ranged from 59.2 to 72.7% and age-adjusted concentric remodelling ranged from 6.5 to 11.4% depending on the criteria used. Only one-quarter of hypertensive patients were free from morphological alterations.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Prospective comparison of therapeutical attitudes in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients uncontrolled on monotherapy. A randomized trial: the EDICTA study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the anti-hypertensive effect of combination therapy versus a single drug regimen schedule (dose-titration or switching to a different drug class) in type 2 diabetic hypertensive patients with inadequate blood pressure (BP) control on monotherapy. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, open-fashion, parallel study of two therapeutic strategies during an 8-week period. SETTING: Primary care centers in Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 898 men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, receiving antihypertensive treatment with one single drug and whose BP was > 140 and/or 90 mmHg. INTERVENTION: Patients were randomized to a fixed combination therapy (verapamil 180 mg plus trandolapril 2 mg; Knoll AG, Ludwigshafen, Germany) or continued on a single drug regimen, either increasing the dose of the current drug or switching to a different drug class. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Absolute BP reduction in the two groups of treatment, and the percentage of normalized patients (< 140/90 mmHg) in each group. RESULTS: The diastolic BP (DBP) decrease (5.6 mmHg) was significantly greater in patients treated with combination therapy, compared to patients on monotherapy (2.9 mmHg). The decrease in systolic BP (SBP) was not significantly different (11.1 versus 10.0 mmHg). In addition, a significantly higher number of patients treated with combination therapy (82% versus 74%) reached diastolic BP normalization (< 90 mmHg). CONCLUSIONS: In type 2 hypertensive patients with uncontrolled BP despite anti-hypertensive monotherapy, the change to combination therapy was more effective in attaining DBP control than any monotherapy schedule (either increasing the dose or switching to another different drug class).

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Silent cerebral white matter lesions in middle-aged essential hypertensive patients.

OBJECTIVE: Age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and a history of cardiovascular disease are the most important factors related to the presence of cerebral white matter lesions (WML), which are a common finding in elderly people. This study investigates which factors related to hypertension per se are associated with the presence of WML in asymptomatic, middle-aged, never-treated essential hypertensive patients. METHODS: A total of 66 untreated essential hypertensive patients of both genders, aged 50-60 years, with neither diabetes mellitus nor evidence of cardiovascular disease, were studied. Hypertensive patients were classified into two groups according to the presence or absence of WML in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS: A total of 39 (59.1%) hypertensives showed no WML in brain MRI, and 27 (40.9%) exhibited the presence of WML. Compared with hypertensives without WML, patients with WML showed significantly higher values of both office and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) systolic, diastolic, mean and pulse pressure. No differences were observed in either the nocturnal fall of blood pressure, or in blood pressure variability, assessed by 24 h standard deviation, among hypertensives with WML. In contrast, the nocturnal decline of heart rate was significantly blunted in patients with WML, compared with those without WML. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral white matter lesions are a common finding in asymptomatic middle-aged essential hypertensives. The severity of blood pressure elevation seems to be the most important factor related to the presence of WML. Neither the circadian rhythm nor the long-term variability of blood pressure were related to WML.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1993

Comparative evaluation of the antihypertensive efficacy of once-daily amlodipine versus nitrendipine with 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in essential hypertension.

We compared the antihypertensive efficacy of once-daily amlodipine (AM) versus nitrendipine (NTR) by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-h ABPM) in 32 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (EH). After a 2-week single-blind, placebo run-in period, patients were randomized in a double-blind, parallel fashion: 14 received AM 5 mg and 18 NTR 10 mg. After 2 weeks, dose was adjusted if necessary (AM 10 mg or NTR 20 mg) and continued for another 6-week period. At the end of the placebo period and during the last week of treatment, patients underwent 24-h ABPM. Initial office BP mean values were similar in both groups (169.8 +/- 14/102.5 +/- 6 vs. 167.1 +/- 14/98.7 +/- 5 mm Hg, respectively, p = NS). A comparable decrease in office mean values of systolic BP (SBP, -22.3 +/- 13 vs. -19.1 +/- 16 mm Hg) and diastolic BP (DBP, -12.0 +/- 5 vs. -8.1 +/- 8 mm Hg) was observed. Nevertheless, 24-h ABPM mean values differed significantly between patients treated with AM or NTR with regard to 24-h SBP (120.0 +/- 10 vs. 132.5 +/- 1 mm Hg, p = 0.01). Moreover, the average decrease in 24-h SBP (-19.3 +/- 6 vs. -5.2 +/- 11 mm Hg, p = 0.0036) and 24-h DBP (-10.7 +/- 4 vs. -3.7 +/- 6 mm Hg, p = 0.0047) was higher in the AM group, with no changes in 24-h heart rate (HR). At equivalent once-daily dosage, AM was more effective than NTR in decreasing BP assessed by 24-h ABPM.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Trough-to-peak ratio and circadian blood pressure profile after treatment with once-daily extended-release diltiazem, 240 mg, in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension.

Once-daily diltiazem extended-release 240 mg (Lacerol-HTA Retard) was evaluated for safety, efficacy, and trough-to-peak ratio in a multicenter open study by using 24-h blood pressure (BP) monitoring in mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. After a 4-week washout period, 30 patients (17 men, 13 women) aged 25-76 years, showing a mean daytime diastolic BP (DBP) >90 mm Hg, were treated with diltiazem-ER, 240 mg, given once daily for 8 weeks. Ambulatory BP monitoring was obtained at the end of a 4-week placebo run-in period and during the last week of treatment. A significant reduction of the mean values of clinical BP [161.6 +/- 16.2 to 151.2 +/- 15.6 mm Hg; p < 0.01 for systolic BP (SBP); and 101.1 +/- 4.8 to 93.3 +/- 9.2 mm Hg; p < 0.001 for DBP] was observed at the end of treatment in the group of 30 patients, with no significant changes in heart rate (77.1 +/- 9.9 to 73.1 +/- 11.1 beats/min; p = NS). Likewise, mean values of 24-h SBP, DBP, SBP-load, and DBP-load were significantly reduced. In the group of 21 responders, the average reduction at peak was -18.6 +/- 12.9 mm Hg for SBP and -14.7 +/- 9.5 mm Hg for DBP. The residual effect at trough was -12.2 +/- 14.7 and -8.1 +/- 10 mm Hg, respectively. The trough-to-peak ratio was estimated as 0.66 for SBP and 0.55 for DBP. Long-term variability expressed as the mean standard deviation of BP for the 24-h period was reduced in responders (16.2 +/- 4.3 to 14.6 +/- 2.7 mm Hg for SBP; p = 0.0395; and 12.1 +/- 2.7 to 10.7 +/- 2.5 mm Hg for DBP; p = 0.0019), although no changes were observed in the variation coefficient (10.58-10.57% for SBP and 12.88-12.87% for DBP). We conclude that once-daily diltiazem-ER, 240 mg, was effective and well tolerated. Blood pressure was controlled over the entire period of 24 h, preserving the circadian profile and reducing long-term variability in responders. The significant reduction of both BP values and long-term variability may have implications involving protection from end-organ damage in essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Long-acting lacidipine versus short-acting nifedipine in the treatment of asymptomatic acute blood pressure increase.

We compared antihypertensive efficacy and safety of a single administration of equipotent doses of lacidipine versus nifedipine in the hypertensive urgencies. Twenty-nine asymptomatic essential hypertensive patients (nine men, 20 women) with a mean age of 55.03+/-11.19 years and baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of > or =120 mm Hg after resting 30 min, not taking antihypertensive drugs for the last 24 h, were randomized in a single-blind fashion to receive lacidipine, 4 mg (LCD, 15 patients) or short-acting nifedipine, 20 mg (NFD, 14 patients) in a single dose. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were taken every 30 min during the first 8 h and every 2 h until 24 h of follow-up. Baseline BP values were similar in the two groups (LCD, 222.5+/-32.8/124.6+/-8.4 mm Hg vs. NFD, 215.9+/-20.6/128+/-7.7 mm Hg; p = NS). Both drugs promoted a significant reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP; 169.6+/-27.8 vs. 170.6+/-25.3 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP; 104.1+/-16 vs. 102.9+/-12.4 mm Hg) after 8 h. However, either SBP (165+/-27.3 vs. 190.6+/-18.2 mm Hg; p = 0.008) and DBP (99.9+/-12.3 vs. 117.2+/-11.4 mm Hg; p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the NFD group after 24-h dosing. Eleven patients in the LCD group had a decrease in BP >25% of the baseline value both 8 and 24 h after the dose. Although 10 patients showed the same response in the NFD group 8 h after the dose, only four patients maintained these values at 24 h. One patient treated with NFD had a transient cerebrovascular ischemic attack. No adverse effects were observed in the LCD group. We conclude that the long-acting calcium antagonist lacidipine was more effective than the short-acting nifedipine in both controlling BP and maintaining this BP reduction over 8 h in essential hypertensive patients with acute asymptomatic BP increase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Trough-to-peak ratio, smoothness index, and circadian blood pressure profile after treatment with once-daily fixed combination of losartan 100 and hydrochlorothiazide 25 in essential hypertension.

The once-daily fixed combination of losartan 100 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg was evaluated for safety and efficacy in a multicenter open study by using 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in untreated patients with moderate-to-severe essential hypertension or patients with uncontrolled hypertension despite treatment with monotherapy or low-dose combination. After a 2-week washout period, 41 patients (22 men, 19 women) aged 34-74 years, showing a mean daytime blood pressure > 135/85 mm Hg, were treated with losartan 100 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 25 for 8 weeks. Ambulatory blood pressure was monitored at the end of the washout period and during the last week of treatment. A significant reduction in the average values of clinic blood pressure (from 169.9 +/- 13.5 mm Hg to 139.5 +/- 15.6 mm Hg, p < 0.001 for systolic blood pressure [SBP]; and from 102.2 +/- 7.1 mm Hg to 85.1 +/- 9.5 mm Hg, p < 0.001 for diastolic blood pressure [DBP]) was observed after treatment in the whole group of 41 patients. Likewise, average values of both 24-h SBP and 24-h DBP were significantly reduced (from 145.7 +/- 13.1 mm Hg to 128.3 +/- 14.6 mm Hg, p < 0.001 for 24-h SBP; and from 90.3 +/- 7.3 mm Hg to 79.2 +/- 8.6 mm Hg, p < 0.001 for 24-h DBP). The average lowering at peak was 20.2 +/- 11.8 mm Hg for 24-h SBP and 12.1 +/- 7.4 mm Hg for 24-h DBP, whereas the lowering at trough was 17.8 +/- 12.0 mm Hg and 10.4 +/- 8.1 mm Hg, respectively. The trough-to-peak ratio (T/P) was 0.88 for SBP and 0.86 for DBP, and the smoothness index was 7.36 for SBP and 6.37 for DBP. The response rate was 87.8% (blood pressure lowering > 5 mm Hg of either 24-h SBP or 24-h DBP average values). Among responders, T/P ratio was 0.89 for SBP and 0.87 for DBP, and the smoothness index was 8.09 for SBP and 7.15 for DBP. No side effects or changes in metabolic parameters were observed. The fixed combination of losartan 100 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 25 was very effective and well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Relationship between physical activity and oxidative stress biomarkers in women.

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between physical activity and levels of plasma lipid peroxides, superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in whole blood activities. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 488 Spanish women. Two categories of leisure time physical activity were defined according to their intensity: low ( 6 METs). Energy expenditure in household activities was also recorded. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to adjust for the effect of physical activity on lipid peroxides and SOD and GSH-Px for confounding variables. RESULTS: The amount of leisure time physical activity was associated with high activity levels of SOD (P = 0.022) and GSH-Px (P = 0.002). Similar results were obtained when physical activity in household activities was added to total leisure physical activity. Physical activity of low intensity was associated with high SOD activity levels (P = 0.002) and that of high intensity with high GSH-Px activity levels (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The amount and intensity of leisure physical activity were directly related to both antioxidant enzyme activity levels. The findings of this study suggest a modulatory effect of leisure physical activity intensity on antioxidative balance in the studied female population.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Histological changes in glioblastoma after intratumoral injection of autologous lymphocytes and human lymphoblastoid interferon.

Seven glioblastomas were studied between 1 and 6 months after intratumoral injection of autologous lymphocytes and human lymphoblastoid interferon. Morphological study showed a great number of lymphocytes within the tumor tissue, and interactions between lymphocytes and glioblastoma cells, suggesting a killing phenomenon. These data support the potential usefulness of adoptive immunotherapy in patients with glioblastoma by means of intratumoral administration of activated lymphoid cells.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Symptomatic diverticulum of the 4th ventricle.

A case of symptomatic diverticulum of the 4th ventricle in a 57-year-old man is presented. This clinicopathological observation supports a relationship between ventricular diverticula and ependyma-lined paraventricular cysts.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed2000

Cerebral angiofibroma: case report.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Intracranial fibromatous tumors are very rare lesions, with few reported cases. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 34-year-old male patient who experienced seizures resulting from a cystic lesion in the left occipital region, which remained unchanged for 11 years. After the seizures increased in number, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large cyst with a tumor nodule. INTERVENTION: A left occipital craniotomy was performed, and the tumor was removed. Pathological studies, including immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses, indicated that this neoplasm was composed of fibrous and angiomatous components, and a diagnosis of cerebral angiofibroma was established. CONCLUSION: Cerebral and meningeal fibromas are rare neoplasms that differ from solitary fibrous tumors and fibrous meningiomas. When a number of prominent blood vessels are present in a cerebral or meningeal fibroma, a diagnosis of angiofibroma can be considered. It is possible that some nodular brain tumors that were previously described as meningioangiomatosis could be reclassified as cerebral or meningeal angiofibromas.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Phase I/II clinical trial of the humanized anti-EGF-r monoclonal antibody h-R3 labelled with 99mTc in patients with tumour of epithelial origin.

AIM: To evaluate the biodistribution, internal radiation dosimetry and toxicity of the humanized MAb h-R3 labelled with Tc in humans. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with suspected epithelial-derived tumours were included in this study and divided into two groups: group I consisted of 10 patients who received 3 mg/1110 MBq (3 mg/30 mCi); and group II consisted of 15 patients who received 6 mg/2220 MBq (6 mg/60 mCi). Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and planar images, and multiple blood and urine samples were collected up to 24 h after injection. Haematological parameters and adverse effects were classified according to the WHO criteria. Biodistribution, human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response and absorbed doses were estimated and reported. RESULTS: Liver, spleen, kidneys and heart were identified as source organs. Their higher uptakes were 53.3+/-6.4%ID, 2.0+/-1.4%ID, 9.8+/-4.3%ID and 2.8+/-0.9%ID, respectively. The urinary bladder and large intestine also had a significant uptake. The mean urinary excretion was around 22%ID. The liver received the highest absorbed doses followed by the kidneys and the urinary bladder wall. There were no haematological or biochemical abnormalities with clinical significance related to the product. No patient developed HAMA response. Preliminary analysis of clinical results showed a sensitivity of 76.5% and a specificity of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that Tc-h-R3 could be used in patients in a safe and effective way, for the diagnosis of epithelial-derived tumours at the two evaluated dose levels.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Home-based self-measurement of blood pressure: a proposal using new reference values (the PURAS study).

OBJECTIVES: To establish reference values for blood pressure by means of self-measurement of blood pressure (BP) conducted at home. DESIGN: Descriptive study of the distribution of self-measured BP at home and its correspondence with clinic-based measurements of BP. METHODS: The aim of this study is to define the home BP levels that correspond to clinic BP thresholds 140/90 mmHg (hypertension) and 130/85 mmHg (normality). The sample consisting of 1411 randomly selected adults stratified by age and gender. A pre-calibrated electronic device (Omron 705CP) was used for BP and heart rate (HR) measurements and a trained nurse performed clinic-based sphygmomanometer measurements. The same nurse provided tutorials for the subjects on how to obtain 12 self-measured BP values at home using the Omron device in a single day. RESULTS: Of the 1184 volunteers that attended the appointment, 195 were known as hypertensives and were excluded from the study. The average age of the remaining 989 subjects (50.4% females) was 44.3 years. Clinic BP values were significantly higher than self-measured BP at home regardless of age and gender. Both had good correlations (systolic BP, r=0.84 and diastolic BP, r=0.77). Using linear regression, the self-measured BP at home hypertension threshold would be 131/82 mmHg and the limit of normality 123/78 mmHg. Using corresponding percentiles, these values would be 134/85 and 124/80 mmHg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The self-measured BP at home values found in this study, when defining hypertension, are lower than values currently accepted (135/85 mmHg). Long-term studies are necessary to confirm these results.

Adult↗