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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Orthodontics of unilateral complete cleft lip-palate: point of view and personal proposals].

Studying 43 cases of unilateral cleft palate including 21 treated cases, the author notes that the lateral incisor is missing in 85% of the cases, the central near the cleft is badly rotated and there is a buccal cross bite in 45% associated or not with an anterior cross bite. He proposes to treat first the cross bite by fixed split palate appliance then to align the incisors at age 9. Then to wait until the patient is approximately 12 years old. At that moment a full fixed appliance is used; on the cleft side, the cuspid is usually placed against the central incisor and on the other side a bicuspid is usually extracted. Using this two steps therapy, the total treatment is no longer than 30 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Acute dysfunction of mitral bioprosthesis: Doppler expression of a musical holosystolic murmur. Apropos of 2 cases].

Two women who had been fitted with a porcine mitral valve seven years previously suddenly developed acute dysfunction of the bioprosthesis with regurgitation. In both patients physical examination revealed an intense, vibrating, musical holosystolic murmur sounding like a "goose cry" and located at the apex. Pulsed doppler showed major, jet-like, central orothetic mitral regurgitation. A harmonic graph was recorded when the doppler window was positioned upstream of the porcine valve leaflets. The finding of such a doppler signal in this clinical context suggests tearing or perforation of one cuspid and rules out the possibility of bioprosthesis degeneration.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Airway obstruction, palatal vault formation and malocclusion: a cross-sectional study.

A cross-sectional study of one thousand and sixty-five children (508 boys and 557 girls) from the Watertown School System was done in order to determine whether there is a relationship between airway obstruction, palatal vault formation and malocclusion. The age range was 5 to 12 years old with a mean age of 8.5 years. Breathing pattern was based on the lip competency (seal) of each individual. The height of the palatal vault, the Angle's molar classification, cuspid relationship, the anterior and posterior cross-bites, the deep-bites or open-bites were also recorded. Enlarged tonsils were observed and the presence of allergies was noted. High palatal vaults were observed in children with lip incompetency (85.8%), and in children with Class II (73.6%) and Class III (65.3%). Anterior and/or posterior cross-bites accompanied high palatal vaults. From the examined children in this study, 20% presented known allergies. Eighty (80%) percent of the allergic children had high palatal vaults. Enlarged tonsils were also found in children with high palatal vaults.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Collapse of the aortic valve in dilated myocardiopathies: echocardiographic study].

In order to clarify the early systolic partial closure (notching) of aortic valve in patients (pts) with dilated cardiomyopathy (DC), authors (AA) evaluated the M-mode echocardiograms corresponding to 41 pts with DC. Pts were separated in two groups, according to the presence of systolic notching: group A (18 pts) presenting systolic notching; group B (23 pts) in which no systolic notching was observed. For each group, the same echocardiographic parameters were evaluated related to aortic root, left atrium, left ventricule (LV), aortic valve and mitral valve. Both groups were compared statistically. Results--Group A presented a reduced motion of aortic root and greater initial maximal aortic cuspids separation. AA therefore conclude that in pts with DC the systolic notching has no eventual relation with mitral regurgitation. In this setting no conclusions about LV function can be inferred, and it is suggested that systolic notching may bear some relation with differences in the distribution of transvalvular aortic flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Orthognathic surgery without the use of postoperative intermaxillary fixation. A clinical and cephalometric evaluation of surgical correction of mandibular and maxillary deformities.

The present series of investigations was performed in order to study the clinical and cephalometric long-term postoperative stability of the maxilla and mandible after surgical correction of jaw abnormities. The patients studied had maxillary or mandibular anomalies, alone or in combination with each other. Standardized surgical methods for correction of jaw deformities were used. Rigid postoperative intermaxillary fixation was omitted in all cases. Masticatory function was recommended immediately after surgery and was increased at the patient's own pace. Patients were able to eat all kinds of food 2-4 weeks postoperatively, independent of type of surgical procedure. The clinical results were good. Intraoperative complications, such as bleeding, unpredictable segment fracture during the splitting procedure, and damage to the neurovascular bundle or roots were negligible. The incidence of postoperative infections was very low. Such infections were limited to the region close to the osteosynthesis material and cleared up as soon as the wires or screws were removed. Paresthesia of the lower lip was seen with the sagittal split procedure especially when it was combined with genioplasty, but disappeared within one year. Standardized pre- and postoperative clinical and roentgenological recordings were made. In order to evaluate the postoperative stability of the osteotomized jaw segments cephalometric analysis of headfilms taken preoperatively, immediately postoperatively and at least one year after surgery was performed. There were no clinically significant postsurgical changes in the position of the maxilla, either in solitary procedures or in bimaxillary corrections. With mandibular advancement the mandible had moved slightly upwards and with setback surgery there was a slight post-surgical forward-upward movement. Omission of postoperative intermaxillary fixation, in combination with swelling or difficulties in nasal breathing, disturbed the tight intercuspidation immediately after surgery. The small changes seen were thought to be the result of tighter inter-cuspidation at the follow-up registration than on the day after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mineralization and structure of enamel (a study using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray micro-analysis of the lower incisor of the albino rat)].

In order to know the morphostructural changes that occurs in the enamel during the mineralization and to study the rod tridimensional orientation, the author has examined the literature concerning these subjects comparing it to the results of his researches realized by S.E.M. and Rx-microprobe-analysis. It has been demonstrated that three phases can be distinguished during the mineralization: "fibrillation phase", "rod density phase", "interrod density phase". The fibrillation phase begins in the middle of the ameloblastic secretion phase, ends 8 mm from the cervical ansa and is characterized by the unmasking of the matrix subunits and chemically by the disappearance of the sulphur. The rod density phase occurs in the area included between 8 and 14 mm from the cervical ansa, that is in the ameloblastic modulation phase, and is characterized by the aggregation of the intraprismatic subunits and by the calcium increase. The interrod density phase that occurs during the ameloblastic pigmentation phase, is characterized by the aggregation of the interprismatic subunits and by the presence of the iron in the most superficial enamel layers. The rod orientation in the space has been studied during the second phase of the mineralization suice the intraprismatic subunits join while the interprismatic ones remain in the fibrillation phase; besides the author has compared the results of these studies to the morphology of the external opening of the honeycomb pits. In such a way it has been demonstrated that the rod originates from the dentine-enamel junction forming a 60 degree angle that opens in the cuspidalmesial or cuspidal-lateral direction. In the outer enamel layer the rod loses its mesial or lateral inclination and bends further towards the cusp delimiting a 30 degree angle; finally it bends outward and as a sharpend that is ortogonal to the enamel external surface. It is eventually discussed how this model of rod reconstruction is fit to convert the tangential forces that develop during the mastication into compression forces.

Amelogenesis↗
PubMed1989

[From joint to neuromuscular, from mechanics to electronics: the concept of neuromuscular compatibility].

The development of devices to record the functional mandibular kinetics, has permitted the physiological analysis of the masticatory cycles. Therefore, it is possible to consider a functional integration of the corrections, by addition or subtraction to the occlusal surfaces of the teeth. For this purpose, we have established the conditions of a physiological concept of occlusion taking into account the efficiency of the masticatory apparatus through a velocity analysis. This is the N.M.C. concept or concept of Neuro-Muscular Compatibility. This concept has led us to define the ISCA (Intra-Cuspid Spatial Angle), represented by the angle defined in the three spatial planes, by the trajectory of the occlusal contact point of a cusp liding over its opposite, in any excursive opportunity. We have shortly reported the studies by Levin on the SIROGNATOGRAPH and the prospects resulting from these studies. Then, we have studied in greater details the Saphon VISI TRAINER III developed by HOBO and described the various potentials of its use in the GBM Laboratory in Vienna (France), with François DURET. We have also analyzed the specific points which seem to represent the weaknesses of this device and have outlined some solutions to this problem. This approach, within a clinical context, may at term give rise to a complex analyser-expert-system intends to facilitate the establishment of a reliable diagnosis and to control the physiological integration of our procedures. The establishment, at term, of parameters and constants of this function, will guide this progression towards success.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1988

Maxillary dental arch dimensions following pharyngeal-flap surgery.

Pharyngeal-flap surgery (PFS) is a surgical procedure utilized in the treatment of hypernasal speech. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of PFS on the maxillary dental arch. Sixteen patients who had undergone PFS between the ages of 5 and 7 years were selected from the longitudinal growth study of the Lancaster Cleft Palate Clinic. Eight points were marked on the occlusal surfaces of serial maxillary dental models to determine arch width and length. These data were compared to a matched sample of patients from the same growth study who did not undergo PFS. The flap group demonstrated significant reduction in both arch width (at cuspids and molars) and arch length development compared to the control sample, following PFS. These results are not inconsistent with an hypothesis of dental-arch form changes related to possible airway obstruction following PFS, although data on the latter were not available on this sample.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1988

Surgical pathology of the truncal valve: a study of 12 cases.

The truncal valves of 12 patients (eight females and four males) who had undergone valve replacement were studied. The patients ranged in age from 14 months to 21 years (mean, 10 years). All truncal valves were purely regurgitant: nine were severe, two were moderate, and one was mild. Eight of the valves were tricuspid, two were bicuspid, one was quadricuspid, and one was unicommissural. Each valve was thickened, but none was the site of endocarditis. The thickening tended to be greatest along the distal portion of each cusp and resulted primarily from expansion of the spongiosa and fibrosa layers. In seven of the 12 valves, the spongiosa disrupted the fibrosa. In 11 valves, fibrous pads were also observed along the cuspid surfaces. These histopathologic features are indistinguishable from those described for floppy mitral valves and support the concept that floppy valves may result from a congenital abnormality in valvular structure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Potassium content analysis in healthy teeth in people of various ages].

Potassium level in permanent teeth has been designated by X-ray fluorescence and some relationships of the content of this element between individual groups of teeth according to the age and sex have been proved. Average K level in molar teeth of men and women was 272.1 +/- 50 (M-SE) ppm, in premolar teeth--297.6 +/- 7.1 ppm, in cuspid teeth--287.0 +/- 7.5 ppm and in incisive teeth--324.7 +/- 12.3 ppm. Irrespective of the age potassium level in permanent teeth in men and women doesn't essentially differ. In the remaining groups of teeth but molar teeth potassium level essentially increases with the age. The greatest growth of potassium with the age has been observed in incisive teeth.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Orthodontic radiology: a review.

Before starting orthodontic treatment it is important to have status radiographs to ascertain the state of the patient's general dental health. A dental panoramic tomogram is very suitable in this respect, but right and left bimolar projections together with upper and lower occlusal films provide an appropriate alternative. Unerupted upper cuspids can be localized by means of parallax shift or by using the vertex occlusal projection. The cephalometric radiograph is an invaluable adjunct to the clinical examination and models of the dentition, which together form the basis for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. However, the user should be aware of the various errors which can detract from the reliability of this technique. Cephalometric landmarks are identified and tracings of the radiograph are made. Angular measurements taken from the tracing enable the maxillary and mandibular bases to be related to each other and to the cranial base. Recent developments in computer science and information transfer offer the possibility that in the future cephalometric radiographs will be analysed with the aid of a computer at sites which may be remote from the dental office.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1987

Venous valves in subclavian and internal jugular veins. Frequency, position, and structure in 100 autopsy cases.

Valves in the subclavian and internal jugular veins were studied in 100 autopsy cases (52 men and 48 women; range, 18 to 91 years old; mean, 67 years). In 87 cases, valves were present in all 4 veins, and in 13 cases, valves anatomically were absent from 16 veins, 9 of which were the left internal jugular vein. The average distance from the valve to the junction with the innominate vein was 1.7 cm for the subclavian vein and 0.3 cm for the internal jugular vein. Cuspid height averaged 0.9 cm. Valves were bicuspid in 347 (90%) and unicuspid in 39 (10%); unicuspid valves were more common in the internal jugular vein than in the subclavian vein. Catheter-induced trauma was observed in 4 cases and implied in 4 more. These findings may have important implications concerning the failure, in some cases, of closed-chest cardiac resuscitation to maintain forward blood flow at adequate pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of inferior dental nerve block injections in child patients using 30-gauge and 25-gauge short needles.

Thirty-gauge needles are generally not recommended by dental schools, yet many dentists use them. Thin needles (30 gauge) can aspirate blood, have similar deflection to thick needles (25 gauge), and resist breakage. Measurable clinical differences between inferior dental block injections using 25-gauge or 30-gauge short needles for children is addressed in this research paper. Random allocation assigned 76 cases to 30-gauge and 62 cases to 25-gauge tribeveled. Twenty-seven-gauge short needles are in routine use for inferior dental nerve block injections in our clinics. After informed written consent was obtained, inferior dental block injections were carefully administered to children (62 males and 76 females, mean age 10 years ± 3 [SD], range 4-18 years) by faculty and students in pediatric dentistry and observed by one of two trained observers. After aspiration in two planes (180°), 0.5 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine was deposited in the lingual block area then 1.0 mL in the inferior dental area after touching bone. Any aspirate was recorded and subjective pain scores were taken immediately using a visual analogue scale. Five minutes after the commencement of the injection, the efficacy was tested objectively by two light needle pricks of the mucosa adjacent to the cuspid. The comparability of groups as regards age and sex was verified. Half of the injections were effective at five minutes in each group. There were no significant differences in efficacy, or pain scores. Both 25- and 30-gauge groups had nine instances of slight aspiration and two instances of more marked aspirations. The overall aspiration rate was 16%. It is concluded that 25- and 30-gauge needles do not differ significantly with respect to efficacy, pain, or aspiration. Children do not think that inferior dental nerve block injections hurt very much, and there is no evidence to support a change from 25- to 30-gauge needles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Traumatic rupture of Ionescu-Shiley aortic valve after the Heimlich maneuver.

A 74-year-old woman who had undergone aortic valve replacement with an Ionescu-Shiley bioprosthesis was evaluated and treated because aortic insufficiency developed after the application of the Heimlich maneuver. Pathologic examination of the explanted valve disclosed a cuspid perforation and an adjacent tear of a second cusp at its insertion into the valve strut. Patients with unexplained acute prosthetic insufficiency should be questioned as to whether the Heimlich maneuver has been previously performed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Anatomic features of the base of hearts with a solitary ventricle].

Twenty-eight preparations of hearts having three chambers with two atria have been investigated. The age of the deceased was from several hours up to 21 years. Absence of the interventricular septum results in a complex rearrangement of the vessels in the basis cordis. Only in three cases the aorta and the pulmonary trunk situated typically, in others there was a complete transposition. Since the only ventricle, as a rule, is accompanied with a presence of a small chamber--"emissary", the topography of the vessels is mainly determined by the latter. The "emissary" is situated either along the right or left contour of the base of the common ventricle, its dimensions are variable. When the "emissary" is situated along the anterior-right contour of the basis cordis, as a rule, the aorta takes origin from the latter, its bulb is situated ventrally, initial parts of the venous arteries are visible. The cuspides of the aortal valve sag into the "emissary" lumen. When the aorta is situated normally, it can get off the cavity of the common ventricle, or the "emissary". The state of the children is determined first of all by the character of the pulmonary circulation. If there is no stenosis in the pulmonary trunk and it takes its origin from the common ventricle, or from the "emissary" of a great size, the prognosis is more favourable. Cases of early death among the children are connected with small size of the "emissary" chamber and a small diameter of the pulmonary trunk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMed1984

New structural details of dermal lymphatic valves and its functional interpretation.

Dermal lymphatics (rat and human) were studied electronmicroscopically and changes within the lymphatic wall including neoformation of intralymphatic valves were followed by serial sections. Two new forms of intralymphatic valves were observed-unicellular valve or single endothelial cell extension deep into the lymphatic lumen and bunch valve, or a connective tissue core with numerous tip-cells at its cuspidal edge. These structures functioned as "flap" or "helper" valves and like inlet (intramural) valves, they were variable structures appearing and disappearing with changes in the local interstitial environment. Lymphatic capillaries probably act as microscopic pistons to pump and suction lymph fluid in a centripetal direction.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Surgical pathology of obstructed, right-sided, porcine-valved extracardiac conduits.

Thirty-seven specimens were available from 39 children and adolescents with congenital heart disease who have had operations at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minn) to replace obstructed Hancock conduits that had been implanted 17 to 93 months (mean, 62 months). Stenosis affected the porcine valve alone in 17 (46%), the synthetic graft alone in 11 (30%), both the valve and the graft in six (16%), and other sites in three (8%). Valvular stenosis resulted from degenerative changes with secondary thrombosis and calcification, whereas insufficiency resulted from cuspid tears, thrombotic adhesions, and endocarditis. Nonvalvular obstruction resulted from progressive thickening of fenestrated neointimae, owing to organization of thrombotic debris lining the interface between the conduit and this tissue. Late postoperative conduit stenosis may develop asymptomatically and unpredictably by several different mechanisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Varicocele and distal reflux].

The distal reflux as we call it raises several anatomical, operative technical and andrological questions. Based on our experiences with four patients with reduced seminal quality, we wish to make some contributions to this subject which has been only occasionally addressed in the past. In these patients, venous reflux could be demonstrated over the left funiculus spermaticus by means of Doppler sonography. The retrograde phlebography, carried out to sclerose transvenously the supposedly insufficient internal spermatic vein revealed, however, sufficient venous cuspids without reflux. The inguino-scrotal exploration of the funiculus, indicated to clarify further the distal venous testicular supply, showed the external spermatic and/or the deferential veins with their collaterals congested and dilated. All these vessels were ligated and divided. The demonstration and the topically correct treatment of the distal venous reflux seems to diminish, at least partially, the failure rate of the suprainguinal operation according to Bernardi. The correlation between the results of Doppler sonography, phlebography and the selection of the incision has not been clearly established yet. The different venous supplies of the testis are initially described.

Humans↗