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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

An innovative solution to continuing misuse of red light on automobiles.

A novel approach [referred to as the RLMS (Red Light Means Stop) approach] to automotive rear lighting has recently been suggested as a means to enhance perceptibility of the rear lights. In the RLMS approach, only red colored light is displayed during braking, and only amber colored light is displayed at other times. Color per se then provides, for most drivers, an immediately perceptible visual stimulus by which brake lights are distinguished from tail lights. In earlier testing, simultaneous display of nonred tail lights and red brake lights confronted test subjects with antagonistic visual stimuli, thereby compromising, and underutilizing, the value of color. It is suggested that the potential safety value of the RLMS approach is significant, and that comprehensive testing should be conducted in a timely manner.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1967

Automobile paint effective as an insect attractant.

Two acrylic auto paints were effective attractants for sap beetles, Stelidota geminata (Say) and Glischrochilus fasciatus (Oliver). Response to the synthetic lures was sufficient to encourage additional testing of their potential in survey and control programs.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1997

Relationship between driver's record and automobile versus child pedestrian collisions.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to explain the relationship of a history of driver's violations as a factor in motor vehicle versus child pedestrian injury incidents. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted utilizing police reports from 1 January 1993, to 30 June 1995, to identify drivers (cases) whose car struck a child pedestrian less than 15 years of age. Controls were randomly selected drivers identified from the license files of the California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) who had no record of striking a child pedestrian in the 30 month study period. Two controls per case were selected based on postal code of residence and incident date of case. Prior driver citations, safety violations, license suspension/revocation, and negligent operator points were analyzed from 1 April 1991, to the incident date for cases and controls. RESULTS: Of 327 drivers who met the case definition, 237 (73%) had information on file in the California DMV driver records. Analysis was based on 237 cases and 474 controls. Drivers who hit a child pedestrian were more likely to have had a prior citation, more citations, more safety violations, a suspended or revoked license, or more negligent operator points than drivers who did not hit a child pedestrian in the study period. A positive association exists between the number of citations, safety violations, or negligent operator points and the likelihood that a driver hit a child pedestrian. CONCLUSIONS: Drivers with a history of driving infractions represent a high risk source of danger to child pedestrians. Possible routes of intervention include more rigorous sanctions against these drivers, more intensive education of the involved driver regarding pedestrians, higher insurance and monetary penalties, and a need to pursue more rigorously hit-and-run and unlicensed drivers, including modification of driver code violations for such cases.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2004

Ergonomic stressors and upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders in automobile manufacturing: a one year follow up study.

AIMS: To estimate the one year cumulative incidence and persistence of upper extremity (UE) soft tissue disorders, in a fixed cohort of automotive manufacturing workers, and to quantify their associations with ergonomic exposures. METHODS: At baseline and at follow up, cases of UE musculoskeletal disorders were determined by interviewer administered questionnaire and standardised physical examination of the upper extremities. The interview obtained new data on psychosocial strain and updated the medical and work histories. An index of exposure to ergonomic stressors, obtained at baseline interview, was the primary independent variable. Cumulative incidence and persistence of UE disorders (defined both by symptoms and by physical examination plus symptoms) were analysed in relation to baseline ergonomic exposures, adjusting for other covariates. The incidence of new disorders was modelled using multivariate proportional hazards regression among workers who were not cases in the first year and the prevalence on both occasions was modelled by repeated measures analysis. RESULTS: A total of 820 workers (69% of eligible cohort members) was examined. Follow up varied slightly by department group but not by baseline exposure level or other characteristics. Among the non-cases at baseline, the cumulative incidence of UE disorders was 14% by symptoms and 12% by symptoms plus examination findings. These rates increased with index of physical exposures primarily among subjects who had the same jobs at follow up as at baseline. Increased exposure during follow up increased risk of incidence. The persistence of UE disorders from baseline to follow up examination was nearly 60% and somewhat associated with baseline exposure score. CONCLUSIONS: These longitudinal results confirm the previous cross sectional associations of UE musculoskeletal disorders with exposure to combined ergonomic stressors. The exposure-response relation was similar for incident cases defined by symptoms alone and those confirmed by physical examination.

Adult↗