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PubMed1992

[Malaria situation in the People's Republic of China in 1991. Advisory Committee on Parasitic Diseases].

According to the case reporting system, there were 101,636 malaria cases in the nation (Taiwan not included) in 1991, the incidence being 8.875 per a hundred thousand, and 45 cases succumbed to the disease. In comparison with the data of 1990, the case number was reduced by 15,723 and the incidence, by 15.9%. In areas where there were no malaria cases occurred or the incidence was below 1/10000, the residents accounted for 88.1% of the whole population of the country, whereas incidence of 1-10/10000 was recorded in areas covering 10.0% of the total population, and only in areas with 1.9% population, the incidence exceeded 10/10000. In southern part, an increase of 8.61-54.35% in incidence was revealed in Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi provinces/autonomous region, which was accompanied by some focal outbreaks; the situation was primordially attributed to the frequency of population migration. In Hainan, Sichuan and Fujian provinces, the malaria incidence was reduced by 3.77-50.57%, however, increase in incidence was noted in individual places at district/city and county levels. In these 7 provinces/autonomous region, the subtotalled cases were 67,241, in a proportion of 66.2% of the total malaria cases of the nation. In the middle and eastern part, despite the flood severely affected many places in Anhui, Jiangsu, Hubei and Henan provinces in 1991, the implementation and intensification of malaria prophylaxis and treatment effectively resulted in an incidence decline by 9.44-41.28%, and no malaria epidemics had occurred.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

China↗
PubMed1992

Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP).

These recommendations update information on the vaccine and antiviral agents available for controlling influenza during the 1992-1993 influenza season (superseding the MMWR 1991; 40(no. RR-6): 1-15.) The primary changes include statements about vaccination of persons with known hypersensitivity to eggs or other components of the influenza vaccine, the optimal timing of influenza vaccination, and the influenza strains in the trivalent vaccine for 1992-1993.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Pertussis vaccination: acellular pertussis vaccine for the fourth and fifth doses of the DTP series update to supplementary ACIP statement. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).

General recommendations on pertussis prevention were issued August 8, 1991, in the ACIP statement on diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (1). A supplementary statement on the use of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) was issued February 7, 1992 (2) after the licensure of ACEL-IMUNE, prepared by Lederle Laboratories. With the recent licensure of a second DTaP product, Tripedia, this statement updates the supplement. Tripedia has a formulation that differs from that of ACEL-IMUNE. Both DTaP vaccines are licensed for use only as the fourth and/or fifth doses of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccination; they are not licensed for the initial three-dose series for infants and children, regardless of age. Whole-cell DTP should continue to be used for the initial three-dose series and remains an acceptable alternative for the fourth and fifth doses. For details on the background, indications, use, and precautions and contraindications of DTaP, refer to the earlier supplementary statement (2).

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1992

Human albumin solutions: consensus statements for use in selected clinical situations. Subcommittee of the Victorian Drug Usage Advisory Committee.

OBJECTIVE: To establish consensus statements for the use of human albumin solutions in clinical situations identified as responsible for the major use of human albumin products. DESIGN AND SETTING: Working parties comprised of specialists in intensive care, renal medicine, cardiothoracic anaesthesia, gastroenterology, haematology and transfusion medicine, were convened to develop consensus statements for the use of human albumin solutions. RESULTS: Specific statements have been formulated to guide the clinician in the use of human albumin solutions for hypovolaemia or hypoalbuminaemia (particularly in intensive care units), cardiothoracic surgery, therapeutic plasma exchange and patients with ascites or protein-losing states in gastroenterology. CONCLUSIONS: These statements, with wide dissemination, will promote consistency in the use of human albumin products in clinical practice and become a reference for future audits on the use of these products.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Zimbabwe National Cancer Registry: summary data 1986-1989. National Cancer Registry Advisory Committee.

The Zimbabwe National Cancer Registry began operation in 1986. Between 1986-1989, a total of 8 276 cases were identified. Among men of African descent, oesophageal (11.2 pc) and liver cancer (11.0 pc) were most common. Cervical cancer was by far the most common among women of African descent (34.5 pc). Among both males and females of non-African descent, skin cancers (other than melanoma) accounted for one-third of cancers followed by prostate cancer (7.7 pc) in males and breast cancer (18.5 pc) in females. These findings are comparable to earlier reports of the epidemiology of cancer in Zimbabwe.

Causality↗