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PubMed1996

[The art of communication in the fingertips. The blind person].

The study analyses the communication process and its peculiarities related to a non verbal communication with blind people. The perceptive answers of the blind people were observed on an Exposition of Plastic Arts for Blind people. The purpose of using this communication language was to contribute to create education methods to these clientele. The methodology included observation, photographic record, video and personal comments. We conclude that the plastic arts are accessible to the blind by touch and give contributions to create materials about health education using the touch. It helps the apprehension of the whole prevailing the figurative related to the aural perception.

Art Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pictures by pregnant patients with premature labor. Initial experiences with art therapy].

Patients with preterm labor not only suffer from anxiety and uncertainty regarding the healthy development of their child but, especially as inpatients, in part severely from loss of autonomy and feelings of insufficiency. By the creative therapeutic means of art therapy it is aimed at influencing the disturbed emotional state and strengthening self-esteem. During the sessions patients experience challenge, success and relaxation with endurance some time after the sessions. Paintings produced by hospitalized patients in art therapeutic sessions are presented. Further psychophysiological investigations are in process for controlling the effects on preterm labor. Paintings of inpatients are discussed.

Art Therapy↗
PubMed1997

[Nursing as an art in practice and science].

This paper relies on the assumption that care and science are practices in MacIntyre's sense. Every practice can be carried out on different skill levels. Both practices, care and science are intricately linked to each other. Practice on the first three levels described by Dreyfus & Benner is theory driven, while the works of experienced and expert practitioners can be compared to art. Works from care and science are used to illustrate works of art, but also, for comparing and contrasting the competent and expert practices.

Art↗
PubMed1998

Establishing the doctor-patient relationship: science, art, or competence?

Establishing and sustaining strong doctor-patient relationships is an important aim in clinical practice, since it is through these relationships that the effectiveness of our work as healers is mediated. In recent years, a research literature emerging from the application of social science to medicine is beginning to highlight certain specific physician behaviors, especially those involved in doctor-patient communication, as actions of considerable importance to both physicians and patients. Successful physicians will further understand that our patients and their families also have high expectations for additional behaviors of physicians, particularly those recognized in the popular culture as professional, respectful of patients' circumstances, and supportive of patients' efforts. To the extent that physicians make an explicit effort to understand and appreciate the "life-world" of patients, and even to modify medical recommendations in order to maximize the meaningfulness and goodness-of-fit of these recommendations, the "art" of medicine also becomes an essential part of routine clinical practice. In the final analysis, new science, art, and behavioral competence are all required for strengthening doctor-patient relationships.

Art↗
PubMed1998

The art of survival: unleashing the talents of end stage renal disease patients to increase their wellness.

Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) often suffer compromised self-esteem and lowered self-confidence, isolation from the larger community and increased dependence on the health care system. Despite improved technology and medical care, such concepts as "quality of life" and "feeling well" still elude these patients. There is a growing realization in the health care field that other interventions and approaches are needed. This article will describe how the creative arts can activate, motivate and promote wellness for ESRD patients. The focus is on the use of professional artists, dancers and writers to help restore a sense of wholeness, health, and happiness to patients' lives. This preliminary work which explores the belief that art and artistic experiences have healing properties, will hopefully result in a more comprehensive research project in the near future.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Neurodegenerative disease and the evolution of art: the effects of presumed corticobasal degeneration in a professional artist.

Production of art is a complex process involving a combination of technical skill and a unique talent. Changes in artistic ability may accompany neurodegenerative disorders when they occur in an artist. The nature of these changes in the context of definable regional neuropathological disturbances may provide insight into the structural basis of the creative process. We describe a professional artist in whom presumed corticobasal degeneration (CBD) was associated with an alteration of his artistic judgement and production. Disinhibition, perseveration, and left hemispatial neglect, features of his cognitive profile were readily discernible in his work. The differences in his style are examined with respect to his main neuroanatomic abnormalities, namely right cerebral hemiatrophy as defined by magnetic resonance and single-photon emission computed tomography imaging. Cognitive deficits, including visuoconstructive and motor neglect, apathy, perseveration, and disinhibition as determined by neuropsychological testing, contributed to the dissolution of his artistic skills. Our case study adds to the growing literature on the effects of brain damage on artistic expression in the graphic arts.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

State-of-the-art barium examination in opportunistic esophagitis.

This report presents a comparison of state-of-the-art esophagography and endoscopy in the diagnosis of pathologically proven esophagitis. The modern multiphasic esophagogram is shown to have a sensitivity of 92% for the detection of opportunistic esophagitis in the immunocompromised patient. State-of-the-art esophagography provides a sensitive and inexpensive method for investigating patients in whom opportunistic esophagitis is suspected and for monitoring their response to therapy.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1997

ECAT ART - a continuously rotating PET camera: performance characteristics, initial clinical studies, and installation considerations in a nuclear medicine department.

Advances in fully three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction techniques have permitted the development of a commercial, rotating, partial ring, fully 3D positron emission tomographic (PET) scanner, the ECAT ART. The system has less than one-half the number of bismuth germanate detectors compared with a full ring scanner with the equivalent field of view, resulting in reduced capital cost. The performance characteristics, implications for installation in a nuclear medicine department, and clinical utility of the scanner are presented in this report. The sensitivity (20 cm diameterx20 cm long cylindrical phantom, no scatter correction) is 11400 cps.kBq-1.ml-1. This compares with 5800 and 40500 cps.kBq-1.ml-1 in 2D and 3D respectively for the equivalent full ring scanner (ECAT EXACT). With an energy window of 350-650 keV the maximum noise equivalent count (NEC) rate was 27 kcps at a radioactivity concentration of approximately 15 kBq.ml-1 in the cylinder. Spatial resolution is approximately 6 mm full width at half maximum on axis degrading to just under 8 mm at a distance of 20 cm off axis. Installation and use within the nuclear medicine department does not appreciably increase background levels of radiation on gamma cameras in adjacent rooms and the dose rate to an operator in the same room is 2 microSv. h-1 for a typical fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) study with an initial injected activity of 370 MBq. The scanner has been used for clinical imaging with18F-FDG for neurological and oncological applications. Its novel use for imaging iron-52 transferrin for localising erythropoietic activity demonstrates its sensitivity and resolution advantages over a conventional dual-headed gamma camera. The ECAT ART provides a viable alternative to conventional full ring PET scanners without compromising the performance required for clinical PET imaging.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1997

Continuous arch wire technique using the bending art system.

The bending art system (BAS) enables computerized production of individual arch wires for the multiband technique. Treatment planning using the continuous arch technique as part of the bending art system has been described. Planning of the arch wires follows an initial camera picture taken in the patient's mouth, and is divided into the following steps: ideal arch, target arch and course of treatment. The ideal arch establishes the individual shape of the arch wires in the horizontal plane. Based on the input of various small adjustments, the ideal arch is transformed into the target arch which represents the final arch of the treatment. Finally, the sequence of the various arches is established. The geometry of the intermediate arches is calculated on the assumption that each tooth is moved the shortest possible distance during transformation from the initial arch to the target arch. This procedure, called the direct method, is compared with the newly developed indirect method. With the indirect method, the camera picture is taken of the initial cast and the target arch is produced in accordance with a setup model in ideal occlusion. In contrast to the straight-wire technique, treatment with the BAS is not finalized with a straight arch wire since the occlusion of the individual patient rarely complies with the straight-wire norm.

Computer-Aided Design↗
PubMed2002

Comparison of short and long ovulation induction protocols used in ART applications according to the ovarian response and outcome of pregnancy.

This retrospective study was designed to determine whether there is any difference between short and long protocol ovulation induction with Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone agonist (GnRHa) and gonadotropins used in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) applications according to the number of retrieved oocytes, oocyte maturity, fertilization rates, embryo quality and the outcome of pregnancies. 240 cycles consisting of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles without andrologic factor and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were evaluated. 112 cycles which were induced by short protocol GnRHa and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) + Human Menopausal Gonadotropin (HMG) combinations and 128 cycles which were induced by long protocol GnRHa and FSH + HMG combinations were compared according to the number of retrieved oocytes, cancellation rate of cycles, oocyte maturity, fertilization rates, embryo quality and pregnancy rates. The cancellation rate for short protocol cycles were found to be significantly higher than those with long protocol. The number of retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes and fertilized oocytes were also found significantly lower. The quality of embryos did not show any significant difference between these groups. The clinical pregnancy rates were evidently found to be high in the long protocol cycles. As a conclusion we have found that while the number of retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes, fertilized oocytes and clinical pregnancy rates were increasing, the cancellation rate of cycles were decreasing significantly in ART cycles induced by long protocol.

Cell Count↗
PubMed2003

[Use of state-of-the-art ultrasound techniques in diagnosing sarcoidosis of the salivary glands (Heerfordt's syndrome)].

AIM: The parotid gland is a rare site of sarcoidosis (6% of all cases). The role of state-of-the-art ultrasound techniques in the diagnostic assessment of parotid sarcoidosis (Heerfordt's syndrome) is presented. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four patients (three male, one female; aged 31-42 years) with inconclusive parotid swelling associated with fever and uveitis were referred for diagnostic assessment by the ENT outpatient service over a 1 year period. High-resolution ultrasound (US) was performed using the SONOLINE Elegra system with a 7.5-MHz wide-band transducer and various, special US techniques (tissue harmonic imaging, photopic imaging, color-coded duplex US, and power Doppler). Diagnoses were confirmed in all cases by puncture and histology. RESULTS: Two patients with typical lung findings (stage I and II sarcoidosis) and two patients without known sarcoidosis showed an inhomogeneous nodular appearance of the clinically enlarged salivary glands at US. Duplex US demonstrated hypervascularization in three cases and moderate, inhomogeneous vascularization in one. In comparison to plain B-mode scanning, optimal visualization of the hypodense, nodular, structural changes was achieved using contrast-enhancing techniques. All patients underwent US-guided puncture for determining the etiology of parotitis. Histology demonstrated granulomatous epitheloid cell inflammation. CONCLUSION: An inhomogeneous nodular appearance of the parenchyma of enlarged parotid glands with areas of hypervascularization, which is optimally depicted by state-of-the-art US techniques, should suggest Heerfordt's syndrome as a possible differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

A new look at Op art: towards a simple explanation of illusory motion.

Vivid motion illusions created by some Op art paintings are at the centre of a lively scientific debate about possible mechanisms that might underlie these phenomena. Here we review emerging evidence from a new approach that combines perceptual judgements of the illusion and observations of eye movements with simulations of the induced optic flow. This work suggests that the small involuntary saccades which participants make when viewing such Op art patterns would generate an incoherent distribution of motion signals that resemble the perceptual effects experienced by the observers. The combined experimental and computational evidence supports the view that the illusion is indeed caused by involuntary image displacements picked up by low-level motion detectors, and further suggests that coherent motion signals are crucial to perceive a stable world.

Fixation, Ocular↗
PubMed2005

Analysis of organic colouring and binding components in colour layer of art works.

Two methods of analysis of organic components of colour layers of art works have been tested: IR microspectroscopy of indigo, Cu-phthalocyanine, and Prussian blue, and MALDI-TOF-MS of proteinaceous binders and a protein-containing red dye. The IR spectra distortion common for smooth outer surfaces and polished cross sections of colour layer of art works is suppressed by reflectance measurement of microtome slices. The detection limit of the three blue pigments examined is approximately 0.3 wt% in reference colour layers in linseed oil binder with calcite as extender and lead white as a drying agent. The sensitivity has been sufficient to identify Prussian blue in repaints on a Gothic painting. MALDI-TOF-MS has been used to identify proteinaceous binders in two historical paintings, namely isinglass (fish glue) and rabbit glue. MALDI-TOF-MS has also been proposed for identification of an insect red dye, cochineal carmine, according to its specific protein component. The enzymatic cleavage with trypsin before MALDI-TOF-MS seems to be a very gentle and specific way of dissolution of the colour layers highly polymerised due to very long aging of old, e.g. medieval, samples.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2007

Laser interference-based techniques and applications in structural inspection of works of art.

Techniques based on laser interferometry principles provide great potential to retrieve imperceptible bulk information regarding the physical and mechanical condition of complex and inhomogeneous structures. This review presents the progress in and prospects for optical coherent interferometry techniques in artwork conservation applications, in particular concerning the performance of the developed instrumentations and methodologies. Each of the state-of-the-art techniques is introduced by reference to fundamental principles, basic equations and general optical geometry. In this context, a brief introduction to fundamental principles governing the optical coherent interferometry measurements is presented prior to discussion on performance. Some exemplary results demonstrating that bulk interferometric signals can be obtained from rough artwork surfaces are shown and their suitability is reviewed. Several opportunities for art conservation research and applications are summarised and discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

The state-of-the-art in the analysis of estrogenic mycotoxins in cereals.

The increasing public awareness of chemicals that mimic or otherwise interfere with the activity of natural hormones - so-called endocrine disrupters - has also led to greater study of mycotoxins with estrogenic potential. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the topic of estrogenic mycotoxins and to discuss the state-of-the-art in the analysis of these substances in cereals, with special emphasis on zearalenone (ZON) as its most relevant representative. Because the use of immunoaffinity columns (IAC) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) and immunoassays are currently the most frequently used methods for the determination of ZON and its metabolites, these techniques are discussed in more detail. Recent papers, which have revealed the great potential of HPLC-MS(MS) for the simultaneous detection and identification of several estrogenic mycotoxins, are discussed. The performances of the state-of-the-art methods are finally compared by study of the results obtained in recent international intercomparison studies. On the one hand, these studies revealed the good performance of both chromatographic and antibody-based methods. On the other hand, the need for better means of external quality assurance measures, especially the availability of certified reference materials and certified standards, has clearly been demonstrated.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2001

Diagnosis of Heerfordt's syndrome by state-of-the-art ultrasound in combination with parotid biopsy: a case report.

The parotid gland is rarely affected by sarcoidosis (6% of all cases). If there is initial parotitis, and other major symptoms include fever, uveitis, or facial paralysis, the condition is referred to as Heerfordt's syndrome. The case presented here describes the diagnostic work-up and differentiation of swelling of the parotid gland by employing state-of-the-art ultrasound techniques in a 33-year-old patient with Heerfordt's syndrome. Color-coded duplex ultrasound demonstrated hypervascularization. Tissue harmonic and photopic imaging ultrasound additionally depicted hypoechoic, septated structural lesions of the glandular parenchyma with an optimized contrast. Since such structural changes are not a specific sonographic criterion for sarcoidosis, ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed for further clarification of the etiology of parotitis and for excluding lymphoma. In conclusion, state-of-the-art ultrasound with the option of obtaining a biopsy at low risk is a useful procedure for diagnosing unclear pathology of the parotid gland with rapid histological confirmation.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Scleroderma and Paul Klee: Metamorphosis of life and art?].

Paul Klee was born in 1879 in Münchenbuchsee, not far from Bern, and died at the age of 60 in Switzerland due to severe scleroderma, which was diagnosed in 1936. From this time on, this connective tissue disease had followed him continuously and had strongly influenced his enjoyment of life, personal development and creative power in art work, before finally causing his death in 1940. Based on diaries, letters, personal remarks and notes, his case history was reconstructed from the first symptoms to the date of diagnosis up until his death and an analysis was made of the influence his illness had on his art work in aura, color, figure and productivity.

Famous Persons↗
PubMed2003

Rapid decline in ovarian reserve after repeated ART cycles in a 22-year-old IVF patient.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to discuss the rapid decline in ovarian reserve due to repeated assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in a 22-year-old patient. METHODS: This case report presents an infertile couple admitted to our IVF unit with the diagnosis of recurrent implantation failure and congenital uterine anomaly. Main outcome measures were the number of growing follicles and metaphase II oocytes retrieved. RESULTS: After recurrent implantation failure of three in vitro fertilization cycles, the couple underwent three consecutive intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles in our center. With a high number of oocytes retrieved, first cycle resulted in implantation failure followed by an embryo transfer cancelled cycle. The third cycle was cancelled due to an unexpected poor response even with the highest gonadotrophin dose. CONCLUSION: Rapid decrease in ovarian reserve should be considered when offering repeated ART cycles even if the woman is very young and has a good ovarian reserve.

Adult↗