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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Pulmonary tuberculosis among the residents of the earthquake area in the Armenian SSR].

The examination of 300 patients from the zones of disaster conducted in the hospital, Republican Clinical Antituberculosis Dispensary, has shown an increased number of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and a high incidence of exacerbations of the chronic forms of the specific process. It also has revealed the development of disseminated forms with massive bacillary excretion, a higher incidence of various tuberculosis complications, combination of pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus and reduction of the body's defensive forces. Low effectiveness of treatment and deterioration of the epidemiological situation in the Republic were due to the above factors and short hospital stay of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The use of aviation transport in providing medical care to the victims in an earthquake focus].

2584 wounded were evacuated by helicopters during Armenian earthquake, December, 1988--that was 20% of all hospital cases. But, practically, the possibilities of aviation in Spitak and Leninakan regions were far more extensive. The more effective employment of air transportation for evacuation could be attained by the following measures: organization of a sole command and action coordination between medical service, air command and rescue teams, preliminary rescue planning, efficient organization of triage and evacuation of wounded, special training of medical staff in air evacuation. The extreme conditions of flights in emergency situation of catastrophe or calamity need high working capacity and firm professional skill of flight crews.

Aircraft↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of smells of plant origin as indicators of the extensiveness and intensity of ixodid tick infection with the tick-borne encephalitis virus].

It has been shown that, using a simple olfactometer, through which moist air and smell of vegetative origin penetrate into the centre via different ends of the tube, ticks can be divided into two groups, those infected and not infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus. The method yielding a 100% division, is based on opposite changes in the behaviour of virus infected ticks: the attracting smells become repellent and vice versa. Normal reaction to smell measured by the length of the distance covered by an individual tick towards or from the smell source in the olfactometer tube varies in various groups of control and experimental ticks, but correlates with virus titre of ticks. It is greater in ticks with a higher level of virus reproducibility. The reaction to smell in infected ticks makes it possible to predict the intensity of their infestation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Genetics of the Caucasian population: Distribution of certain immunologic and biochemical markers in the Azerbaijanian and Armenian populations in the Georgian SSR].

Distribution of the genetic markers of blood groups (AB0, Rhesus, MNSs, Lewis, P, Kell-Cellano); serum proteins (Hp, C'3, Tf, Gc); red-cell enzymes (AcP, EstD,Glo-1) and also ABH-secretion was studied among three Azerbaijanian and two Armenian populations of the Georgian SSR. The results were used in analysis of the interpopulation variations and genetic relationship of the populations to their geographical neighbours.

Armenia↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on the bioelectric activity of the heart in long-term crush syndrome].

A study was made of the effect of continuous hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on the ECG and the clinical status of 60 patients with crush syndrome. Of these, 15 persons had acute renal failure (ARF). Before the treatment was started, the patients demonstrated tachycardia, myocardial hypoxia, derangement of nutrition and coronary circulation. The ratio of the T to the R wave was increased in the II standard lead, the ECG readings showed hyperkalemia. These pathological alterations were more pronounced in ARF patients. After HBO was completed, the patients manifested positive changes in the clinical status and in the laboratory analyses. Hypoxia and intoxication decreased to a considerable measure, myocardial metabolism returned to normal. In the control group, the positive changes turned out much less marked.

Armenia↗
PubMed1991

[Hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of crush syndrome].

Comparison of the results of treatment of 60 patients with the crush syndrome by applying a course of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) (the main group) with the results of treatment of 50 analogous patients not subjected to HBO (control group) showed the advantages of barotherapy. The latter contributed to reduction of tissue hypoxia, relative normalization of renal function, particularly in patients with acute renal failure, lessening of toxemia, and rapid reparative processes. This was manifested by alleviation of anemia and myoglobinemia, and diminished level of middle-mass molecules in the blood. In the control group the positive dynamics was less marked. The high efficacy of HBO allows the authors to recommend it as a measure in the complex treatment of the crush syndrome.

Armenia↗
PubMed1991

Sonographic screening of mass casualties for abdominal and renal injuries following the 1988 Armenian earthquake.

The value of sonography in acute trauma evaluation is generally underestimated, and the opinions are controversial. Sonography was performed as a primary screening procedure in 400 of 750 mass casualty patients with trauma admitted to a large hospital within the first 72 hours after the 1988 Armenian earthquake. Two real-time sector scanners were used in the reception area of the hospital, and the average time spent on one patient was 4 minutes. More than 130 followup sonographic examinations were required. Trauma-associated pathology of the abdomen and retroperitoneal space was detected in 12.8% of the patients, with 1% false negatives and no false positives. The authors believe that sonographic screening of mass casualties is a quick and effective means for detection of abdominal and retroperitoneal injuries. Sonography should be used for this purpose more routinely to gain experience and maintain preparedness of the sonographers for screening of trauma cases in mass casualty situations.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1991

Trauma anesthesia for disasters. Anything, anytime, anywhere.

Field anesthesia can be practiced safely and effectively but requires special training to acquire familiarity with the techniques. Because field anesthesia may be required even in sophisticated countries for entrapment situations, skill should be maintained by practicing the appropriate techniques on a regular basis. Field anesthetic techniques are not second rate methods; they are just different. Although improvisation in the disaster situation has merit, it is not the place for experimenting with new and untried techniques.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1990

[Experience in organizing epidemic control work in catastrophes].

Maintenance of preventive medicine measures is one of the main part of national system of emergency health service in disasters. The priority in this activity belongs to the mobile autonomous units, which take measures for protection of population disaster regions and military personnel from infections diseases.

Armenia↗