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At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The effect of lathyrogens on the evolution of elastase-induced emphysema.

When pancreastic elastase is introduced into the lungs of hamsters to produce emphysema, there is an initial rapid destruction of elastin followed by a subsequent resynthesis. In order to investigate its pathologic significance, we attempted to interfere with this resynthesis by feeding inhibitors of elastin cross-linking. The feeding of the lathyrogens beta-aminoproprionitrile (beta APN) or penicillamine resulted in a marked worsening of the elastase-induced emphysema, as measured by the average distance between alveolar walls and the internal alveolar surface area, when compared with the effect of elastase in animals fed a normal diet. The lathyrogens produced no effect on lung morphology without elastase injections. In elastase-injected animals, the principlal biochemical effect of beta APN was a decrease in the aldehyde content of the elastin without a measurable decrease in desmosine cross-links. These results indicated that the formation of normal connective tissue proteins during the replair of elastolytic injury helps to limit the degree of anatomic deformity that is produced.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1980

Lack of recovery of lung structure and function after the administration of beta-amino-propionitrile in the postnatal period.

We administered beta-amino-propionitrile (beta APN) intraperitoneally to rats from birth to 4 wk of age and allowed the animals to recover for a further 4 wk. Saline-injected rats of similar age and 8-wk-old noninjected rats served as comparison groups. We had previously shown that injections of beta APN during the first 4 wk of life produces animals with large lungs that have too few and too large alveoli, and that have lost elastic recoil. In this experiment, abnormalities persisted in the 4-wk recovery period so that at 8 wk of age, similar differences were noted. We have also been able to show that the loss of lung elastic recoil in beta APN-treated animals is due to an alteration in tissue forces. Intraperitoneal injection of saline alone produced animals with large lungs, and alterations in total alveoli number and size and pressure-volume characteristics. The last 3 findings were not as severe as in the betaAPN-treated animals. Damage to the lung in the early postnatal period may be irreversible, leading to structural and growth alterations in the lung, and predisposing the lung to injury in later life.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1985

Stimulation of lung lysyl oxidase activity in hamsters with elastase-induced emphysema.

Lysyl oxidase activity was measured in lung extracts of hamsters with elastase-induced emphysema 8 days after administration of the enzyme and again after 2, 3, and 4 wk. Levels of activity rose rapidly to 7 times the base values determined in the lungs of saline-injected control animals. In parallel with the increase in lysyl oxidase activity, the rate of 14C-lysine incorporation into desmosine and isodesmosine was at its maximum 1 wk after elastase administration, reflecting the lysyl-oxidase-mediated cross-link formation, which is the final step in the resynthesis of the pulmonary elastin destroyed by the elastolytic insult.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of attrition and occlusal contact in the physiology of the rat incisor: IX. Impeded and unimpeded eruption in lathyritic rats.

In the rat, the administration of a lathyrogenic agent reduced both impeded and unimpeded eruption rates of incisors. Unimpeded eruption rates were greater than impeded eruption rates. The general eruption pattern in the experimental rats was, however, similar to that in the control rats. Thus, eruption was possible even in rats with a lathyrogenically impaired periodontal ligament.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1979

Cell production in the normal and lathyrogenic rat periodontal ligament (PDL).

Thirty male albino rats weighing 200 g. each were separated into two groups. 15 rats received 0.2% 3-amino propionitrile fumarate (BAPN) in drinking water. 15 rats served as controls. Within three weeks eruption rate diminished by 50%. On the 22nd experimental day each rat received one dose of 1 microCi/g. body weight tritiated thymidine (1.9 Ci/mM). 5 rats of each group were then killed after 1 hour; 1 week and 2 weeks. The PDL cell migration rate was evaluated autoradiographically. It diminishes proportionally with the eruption rate. In the BAPN treated animals, the mean total periodontal ligament (PDL) cell count is 55.5% higher than that of the control.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of a computerised image analyser for studying alterations in radiographic bone density in the rat.

A computerised image analyser has been used experimentally to determine its possible usefulness in quantifying bone density. Rats were prepared for this purpose and ash weight/volume readings were obtained on femora which had been radiographed and studied to estimate radiographic density by means of the image analyser. The findings indicated that rats can be prepared by administering oestradiol or by allowing an additional week's growth, both of which give a statistically significant increase of bone density. The computerised image analyser was able to detect these differences but the correlations, although real and linear, between ash weight/volume and radiographic density were not large. Further refinements in techniques will be needed before the system is applied clinically.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1997

Effects of vitamin B6 on beta-aminoproprionitrile-induced palatal cleft formation in the rat.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of beta-aminoproprionitrile and vitamin B6 on palatal clefting. METHOD: In four groups of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats, beta-aminoproprionitrile (BAPN; 600 mg/kg b.w.) was given by gavage on embryonal day 15, 7 hours to induce palatal clefts. Vitamin B6 (10 mg/kg b.w., IM) was given twice on embryonal day 14, 7 hours and on day 15, 7 hours. The possibility that the food's content of vitamin B6 affected the results was also tested. Palatal cleft formation was divided into four different grades, ranging from no cleft formation to total cleft formation. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: It was found that BAPN induces cleft palate in rat fetuses and that this defect can be prevented both in number and severity by administration of vitamin B6 before and simultaneously with BAPN.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

Medical management of superficial digital flexor tendonitis: a comparative study in 219 horses (1992-2000).

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: There is a lack of long-term follow-up data for outcome of medical treatment of superficial digital flexor (SDF) tendonitis. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether intralesional injection of hyaluronan, beta aminoproprionitrile fumarate (BAPN) or polysulphated glycosaminoglycans (PSGAG) or systemic administration of PSGAG yielded better results than a controlled exercise programme alone in the management of SDF tendonitis, with a minimum follow-up period of 2 years after resumption of full work; and to determine whether reinjury rate was related to sports discipline and whether fibre alignment score (FAS) at 4 months could predict outcome. METHODS: In Study 1, 50 horses were managed by controlled exercise alone (Group A), 50 were treated with intralesional injection of hyaluronan (Group B), 20 received intralesional and systemic treatment with PSGAG (Group Ci) and 30 received systemic treatment with PSGAG (Group Cii). Horses in Groups B, Ci and Cii followed the same controlled exercise programme as Group A. In Study 2, 69 horses (Group D) were treated by intralesional injection of BAPN and followed a modified controlled exercise programme. Horses were re-examined clinically and ultrasonographically at intervals. Follow-up data were obtained for horses 2 years after resuming full work and for up to 6 years. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in reinjury rate of the treated limb(s) between Groups A, B, Ci and Cii (42.5-44.4%) (P>0.9). The reinjury rate (16%) in the treated limb(s) in Group D was significantly lower than in the other groups (P<0.001). However, when injury rate of the uninjured limb was considered, the results were similar to Study 1. In Study 2, the FAS at 4 months after treatment was a good predictor of outcome (P<0.001). Reinjury rates for different disciplines were similar in the 2 studies, with the risk of reinjury ascending from showjumpers to event horses to National Hunt and flat racehorses. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with BAPN reduced the risk of reinjury in the treated limb, although the overall rate of subsequent injury was not affected. FAS at 4 months after treatment is a good predictor of outcome in the treated limb(s). POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: This study provides long-term follow-up data in horses from a variety of sports disciplines that can be used to provide prognostic information.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1979

NIAX catalyst ESN: subchronic neuropharmacology and neurotoxicology.

NIAX catalyst ESN (a mixture of 95% DMAPN/dimethylamino-proprionitrile and 5% A-99/bis-dimethylaminoethyl ether) was a catalyst used in the production of polyurethan foam which was reported to produce a reversible peripheral neuropathy in workers exposed to it. ESN and its two components were tested by a variety of short term tests for neurologic activity. In vivo (rat and mouse) and in vitro (isolated tissue) assays were employed. Both ESN and DMAPN at dose levels of 0.25 ml/kg IP (intraperitoneally) produced tremors, convulsions, and cardiovascular effects in rats and mice. At doses as low as 0.01 ml/kg both ESN and DMAPN also induced a loss of micturition reflex in rats. A-99, though more lethal, caused no neurologic or reflex effects at doses up to 1.0 ml/kg. DMAPN was concluded to be the causative agent.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1992

Diagnosis of induced cleft palate in rats from defective patterns of differentiation of isoenzymes.

Cleft palate was induced in 420 embryos of Sprague-Dawley rats with a single oral dose of 600 mg/kg beta-aminoproprionitrile (BAPN) on embryonal day 15, 7 hours. The cleft palate was accompanied by a pathological differentiation pattern of various isoenzymes in palatal shelves. These isoenzymes could be detected in amniotic fluid from the 16th to the 20th days of pregnancy when they also had a pathological differentiation pattern. We conclude that teratogenically induced cleft palate in rats is accompanied by a pathological differentiation pattern that can be traced by determination of isoenzymes in the palatal shelves as well as in amniotic fluid.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗