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PubMedDate not supplied

[Traction of the lower extremities in treating and rehabilitating osteoarthrosis patients].

Traction of lower limbs in weak radon nitric mineral water from Tskhaltubo springs was tried for treatment of major joints osteoarthritis stage I-III versus balneotherapy alone. The disease running with synovitis was assessed as regards clinical indices, activity of the inflammation, connective tissue destruction, limb hemodynamics and neuromuscular status. Underwater traction produced a 10% increase in efficacy as compared balneotherapy alone, it extends indications to balneotherapy on osteoarthritis with synovitis and permits early introduction of adjuvant physical methods contributing to rehabilitation of osteoarthritis patients.

Balneology↗
PubMed1977

Effectiveness of preoperative Cotrel traction for correction of idiopathic scoliosis.

Of 206 patients less than twenty years old with idiopathic scoliosis of 40 to 90 degrees treated with Harrington distraction rods and fusion, ninety had preoperative Cotrel traction and 116 received no immediate preoperative treatment. There was no significant difference between these two groups in terms of the immediate surgical correction obtained. Cotrel traction therefore did not improve the results of treatment of idiopathic scoliosis of this degree in this age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Fast dynamics of voluntary muscle strength and motor evoked potentials after traction therapy in patient with lumbosacral root lesion.

A fast restoration of impared voluntary muscle strength after traction treatment in a patient with lumbosacral radiculopathy have been evaluated. Motor Evoked Potentials (MEPs) have shown that a conduction block at the root can pay a role for long standing muscle weakness. After root decompression the effect of partial overcome of the conduction block was seen while at the end of treatment there was no evidence of impared motor function. It was concluded that traction therapy is a good alternative for surgery in patients with motor deficit and importance of MEPs in evaluation root disfunction is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The efficacy of vibration and traction in correcting contractures of the joints (an experimental study)].

The experiments on rabbits with modelled articular contracture established a marked corrective effect of simultaneous exposure of the rabbits to vibration and traction. Clinical trials in patients with traumas of the peripheral nerves complicated by articular contractures provided evidence for high efficacy of combined rehabilitation including vibration and traction methods.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiation exposure during skeletal traction treatment of pediatric femoral fractures.

Radiation-exposure data during femoral fracture management has not been previously reported. We report a retrospective analysis of radiation exposure in 45 patients aged 5-12 years (average, 8.3) with isolated femoral shaft fractures treated by 90/90 degrees femoral skeletal traction. Group I had 32 patients aged 5-9 years (average, 7.3), and group II had 13 patients of an average age of 10.7 years. Total average radiation dose before casting was 0.699 rads and was independent of age and gender. In addition to potential complications of tractions and increased hospital stay with attendant fiscal and psychosocial burdens, radiation exposure with this type of management, in this series, was significant.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Combined pharmacological and traction treatment in cases of painful syndromes of the cervical spine with degenerative and deformative changes].

In a group of 35 patients with cervical painful syndromes due to degenerative changes the authors applied traction treatment together with pharmacological agents. The patients were chosen because of long-standing symptoms, frequent recurrences or poor therapeutic effects. Using Glisson's loop for traction applied to the cervical spine the authors obtained good results, i.e. shortening of the treatment time, and prolongation of improvement. The most frequent complication of this method was vertigo.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Oral colchicine for the treatment of experimental traction retinal detachment.

In proliferative vitreoretinopathy and trauma, long-term reattachment of the retina is often prevented by the formation of contractile cellular membranes on the retinal surface and within the vitreous cavity. Colchicine, a well-documented inhibitor of microtubule assembly, is a potent inhibitor of retinal pigment epithelium cell, astrocyte, and fibroblast proliferation and migration. To study the therapeutic value of orally administered colchicine, we used an experimental animal model in which intravitreally injected platelet-derived growth factor and fibronectin produced traction retinal detachments in rabbits. With oral administration of colchicine, we were able to decrease the incidence and severity of traction retinal detachment from 74% in controls (20 of 27 eyes) to 29.6% in the treated animals (eight of 27 eyes) at five weeks (P less than .0009). These results, and the apparent lack of retinal and systemic toxicity, suggest that oral therapy with colchicine may prove to be of value in the treatment of human disease.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Retinal cryopexy stimulates traction retinal detachment formation in the presence of an ocular wound.

Pigmented rabbits were treated with retinal cryopexy applied to 180 degrees of the peripheral inferior retina in one eye, and then a 6-mm full-thickness circumferential wound was made in both eyes 3 mm posterior to the superior limbus. The wounds were sutured, and only eyes with minimal vitreous hemorrhage and no retinal breaks were included in the study. Eyes were then examined with indirect ophthalmoscopy on postoperative days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Of eyes that received cryopexy and an ocular wound (n = 13), the retina in three became totally detached between postoperative days 14 and 28; seven eyes had traction retinal detachment first noted on postoperative day 14 that did not become total by postoperative day 28; and two retinas remained attached, but showed folds suggesting the presence of epiretinal membranes. One retina remained attached without folding. In eyes that received only an ocular wound (n = 13), the retina in one showed folds, and in 12 eyes it remained attached with no evidence of epiretinal membrane formation. Retinas treated with cryopexy alone (n = 4) remained attached without folds. On postoperative day 28, the rabbits were killed, and, after fixation, eyes were examined grossly and by light and electron microscopy. Examination confirmed the presence of vitreous and epiretinal cellular membranes in eyes with retinal detachment. These data suggest that in the presence of an ocular wound, retinal cryopexy, which has previously been shown to cause extensive breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier, stimulates the formation of intraocular cellular membranes and traction retinal detachment.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Traction and the formation of mesenchymal condensations in vivo.

Although the segregation of mesenchyme into distinct aggregates is the first step in the development of a range of tissues that includes bones, somites, feathers and nephrons, we still know very little about the mechanisms by which this happens. There are two obvious types of explanation: first, that there are global pre-patterns within the mesenchyme whose molecular expression leads to tissue fragmentation and, second, that the condensations arise spontaneously through the local morphogenetic abilities of the cells. The only known mechanism for the latter possibility is cell traction and this paper suggests that current studies are compatible with traction playing a primary role in the formation of nephrogenic condensations in the developing kidney and the separation of somites, but not for the generation of feather rudiments where there is evidence of a prepattern of adhesivity.

Animals↗
PubMed2007

Alpha-smooth muscle actin expression enhances cell traction force.

Using an established corneal stromal cell differentiation model, we manipulated alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) protein expression levels in fibroblasts by treating them with TGF-beta1, bFGF, TGF-beta type I receptor inhibitor (SB-431542), and siRNA against alpha-SMA. The corresponding cell traction forces (CTFs) were determined by cell traction force microscopy. With all these treatments, we found that alpha-SMA is not required for CTF induction, but its expression upregulates CTF. This upregulation involves the modification of stress fibers but does not appear to relate to non-muscle myosin II expression or beta-actin expression. Moreover, there exists a linear relationship between alpha-SMA protein expression level and CTF magnitude. Finally, CTFs were found to vary among a population of myofibroblasts, suggesting that alpha-SMA protein expression levels of individual cells also vary.

Actins↗
PubMed2000

A mathematical model of tumour angiogenesis incorporating cellular traction and viscoelastic effects.

Angiogenesis is defined as the outgrowth and formation of new vessels from a pre-existing vascular network (Rakusan, In: Cardiac Growth and Regeneration. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1995), and is of fundamental importance in understanding the processes by which a tumour achieves vascularization. Diffusible substances, collectively called tumour angiogenesis factors are released from the tumour to elicit a variety of responses from the surrounding tissues, most importantly the migration of endothelial cells (lining neighbouring vessels) towards the tumour. To facilitate locomotion, the cells exert appreciable traction forces upon the interstitial extracellular matrix which, in turn, influences the resulting direction of their migration. In this paper, we examine the role played by cellular traction during cell migration and the corresponding viscoelastic effects of the extracellular matrix.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1995

Time course of growth factor staining in a rabbit model of traumatic tractional retinal detachment.

BACKGROUND: This study examined the relationship between growth factor expression and cellular proliferation during the evolution of traumatic tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in a rabbit model. METHODS: TRD was induced in 15 pigmented rabbits by treating the inferior retina with cryopexy and making a scleral incision superiorly. Sections from varied time points were stained in the same assay with mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAb) specific for basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB/AB). RESULTS: Initially, the eyes exhibited intense vitritis; discrete membranes were present at 7 days and progressed to tractional retinal detachment at 17 and 28 days, after which there was no clinical change. At 6 and 24 h, bFGF, PDGF, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were not detectable in membranes or wound sites (except for PDGF-positive inflammatory cells). On days 7, 17, 28, and 52, bFGF and PDGF were readily detectable in most membranes. Cellular proliferation as detected by PCNA staining was also present on days 7, 17, and 28, but was absent by day 52 despite growth factor staining. At all times, PCNA staining, which was most intense at the wound site, showed only limited correlation with staining for either growth factor for individual cells. Müller cells stained positively for PDGF-BB/AB in 13 of the 15 TRD eyes, but in none of the normal eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Since cellular proliferation correlated incompletely with the staining for bFGF and PDGF, these growth factors may not account exclusively for cellular proliferation within the membrane. Their distribution, however, including PDGF staining of Müller cells and bFGF staining at the vitreous-membrane interface, suggests that they may have roles in the pathogenesis of TRD.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental tractional retinal detachment in rabbits. Clinical picture and histopathologic features.

A simple reproducible model for the creation of tractional retinal detachments in rabbits is presented. This model comprises retinal membranes composed of different cell types derived from ocular tissues, and eliminates the need for lengthy and expensive tissue culturing procedures. The injected cell bolus rapidly migrates to the optic disc and forms surface retinal membranes. These lead to tractional retinal detachment confined to the area of the vascular medullary rays. The rapidity and severity of the clinical process seems to be directly dependent upon the number of cells injected. Good visibility of the posterior pole is maintained throughout the course of the development of detachment. This model is acceptable for testing agents to suppress intraocular cellular proliferation. It can also serve to teach surgical techniques for the management of vitreo-retinal membranes without endangering human eyes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Late traction detachment in retinopathy of prematurity or ROP-like cases.

Five cases of traction retinal detachment occurring later in life as a sequel of cicatricial retinopathy of prematurity or showing the clinical picture of retinopathy of prematurity are reported. They presented with taut membranes in vitreous cavity, causing traction retinal detachment, and often showed preretinal membranes. These membranes were collagen-rich and contained cells with glial characteristics. They seemed to be continuously produced on the surface of the retina from which they detached sometimes in multiple generations. It is likely that chronic exudation from vascular abnormalities is a stimulus for this proliferation. These cases are very similar to other vitreoretinal proliferations in association with vascular abnormalities (Coats' and von Hippel disease, exudative vitreoretinopathy).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Experimental study on drug therapy of "traction retinal detachment" after posterior penetrating eye injury in the rabbit.

In an experimental study on rabbits, a standardized eye injury was created by using the "pars-plana incision model." Subsequently, the effect of intravenous application of dexamethasone and penicillamine on traction retinal detachment was investigated. The two drugs were applied in varying concentrations and combinations (single and combined use in varying intervals), followed by a 3-month control period without medication. Clinical and histological findings showed that intravitreal instillation of 1.2 mg dexamethasone reduces the incidence of retinal detachment from 46% to 27%. Higher concentrations of dexamethasone, as well as the use of penicillamine or a combination of both substances, proved to enhance traction retinal detachment.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Development of traction retinal detachments following intravitreal injections of retinal Muller and pigment epithelial cells.

We injected varying numbers of retinal Muller glia into the rabbit vitreous in an established model of traction retinal detachment. We used indirect ophthalmoscopy to observe the changes elicited during the following 1 month. Although the severity of the tractional changes increased with increasing numbers of the glial cells, the pathology produced stabilized within the 1st week of injury. Muller glia were less effective at eliciting retinal detachments than retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) or mixtures of glia and RPE. Intravitreal tissue membranes derived from the glia differed morphologically from those derived from RPE. The glial membranes had fewer fibroblast-like cells, synthesized less extracellular matrix, and showed lower intravitreal cell proliferation, as determined by 3H-thymidine radioautography. Our findings indicate that membranes composed only of Muller glial cells promote less severe retinal pathology than those membranes composed of RPE or mixed cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Esophagobronchial fistula secondary to ruptured traction diverticulum.

An unusual complication of benign esophagobronchial fistula, secondary to a ruptured esophageal traction diverticulum, is reported and illustrated. The patient presented with a history of chronic, recurrent bronchitis and intermittent episodes of paroxysmal attacks of coughing and strangling on the ingestion of fluids (Ono's sign). A review of the literature with emphasis on the occurrence, pathogenesis, radiographic features, and clinical implications of esophageal traction diverticula is presented.

Aged↗