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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Passive containment and reverse remodeling by a novel textile cardiac support device.

BACKGROUND: Progressive remodeling and dilation of cardiac chambers is responsible in part for myocardial dysfunction in chronic heart failure. Preclinical studies with suitable animal models indicate that a passive cardiac constraint device can promote reverse remodeling, with improvement in cardiac function. We hypothesize that such a device could provide benefit for stable heart failure patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II and III. METHODS AND RESULTS: From April 1999 to March 2000, 27 patients received Acorn's Cardiac Support Device (CSD) during an initial safety/feasibility study. In 11 patients, the only surgical measure was CSD placement. Most patients suffered from idiopathic cardiomyopathy; 4 were in NYHA class II, one was in class II/III, and 6 were in class III. All were stable on intensive medical treatment. The CSD, a textile polyester device, was fitted snugly around the heart during surgery. All patients survived surgery and recovered smoothly. Three months after surgery, 56% of patients were in NYHA class I, 33% were in class II, and 11% were in class II/III. Echocardiography showed an improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction from an average of 22% to 28% and 33% at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Simultaneously, the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension decreased from 74 mm to 68 mm and 65 mm, respectively. Mitral valve regurgitation (on a scale of 0 to 4+) decreased from 1.3 to 0.7 by 3 months. Quality-of-life indices correlated with the apparent reversal of ventricular remodeling. Preoperative cardiac medications remained virtually unchanged after implant. CONCLUSIONS: In the short- and intermediate-term, CSD implantation seems to ameliorate symptoms and improve cardiac and functional performance in heart failure patients. Worldwide randomized trials are currently underway.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The relationship of respiratory symptoms and lung function loss in cotton textile workers.

We explored the relationship between a number of respiratory symptoms or symptom complexes (e.g., cough, recent wheeze, byssinosis) and lung function in white cotton textile workers (CTW) and control subjects 45 yr of age or older. The CTW were studied in 1973 and in 1979 in Columbia, South Carolina, and the control subjects were studied in 1972 and in 1978 in Lebanon, Connecticut. The CTW had a high prevalence of byssinosis (18%) and other symptoms. For each symptom or symptom complex, among persons with the symptom, CTW had lower lung function on the average than did control subjects. Also, among persons without the particular symptom, CTW had lower lung function than did control subjects. This pattern also occurred for persons without any respiratory symptoms (i.e., asymptomatic). Moreover, persons (CTW or control subjects separately) reporting the presence of a particular symptom had, in general, lower lung function than did those without the symptom. Among nonsmokers, all these same patterns usually held, but differences were often not statistically significant because of the small numbers of persons with symptoms. We conclude that on a group basis, respiratory function is more impaired in CTW than in control subjects with respiratory symptoms, that respiratory function is more impaired in persons (CTW or control subjects) with symptoms than in those without, and that even asymptomatic CTW have significantly greater lung function impairment than do control subjects.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Physical and ergonomic hazards in the textile, chemical, food, metal products, and woodworking industries in Turkey.

Questionnaires were administered in 272 textile, chemical, food, metal products and woodworking firms in ten cities in industry-dense areas to assess the general OHS situation in Turkey. This paper explores the portion related to exposures of workers to physical and ergonomic hazards. OHS experts where available, firm owners, partners, or engineers responsible for safety were asked to answer structured questions regarding percentages of workers exposed to specific hazards. About 65% of respondents reported exposures to noise risks among at least some percentage of employees; 26.3% reported more than 50% of employees were so exposed. In more than 60% of the firms employees were exposed to ergonomic risks related to the need to meet production quotas and the need to maintain constant posture. The most prevalent risk factors in five industries and the relative frequencies of exposed employees are described.

Equipment Safety↗
PubMed1999

[Lung damage after use of conditioner sprays for leather and textiles].

A series of poisoning cases have been caused by private spraying of leather and textiles with a conditioner. Symptoms and signs from the airways as well as general symptoms have not been explained by any of the ingredients. Spray impregnation should be carried out where efficient ventilation is available.

Aerosols↗
PubMed2002

Hydrogel-coated textile scaffolds as three-dimensional growth support for human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs): possibilities as coculture system in liver tissue engineering.

Three-dimensional (3-D) scaffolds offer an exciting possibility to develop cocultures of various cell types. Here we report chitosan-collagen hydrogel-coated fabric scaffolds with defined mesh size and fiber diameter for 3-D culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). These scaffolds did not require precoating with fibronectin and they supported proper HUVEC attachment and growth. Scaffolds preserved endothelial cell-specific cobblestone morphology and cells were growing in compartments defined by the textile mesh. HUVECs on the scaffold maintained the property of contact inhibition and did not exhibit overgrowth until the end of in vitro culture (day 6). MTT assay showed that cells had preserved mitochondrial functionality. It was also noted that cell number on the chitosan-coated scaffold was lower than that of collagen-coated scaffolds. Calcein AM and ethidium homodimer (EtD-1) dual staining demonstrated presence of viable and metabolically active cells, indicating growth supportive properties of the scaffolds. Actin labeling revealed absence of actin stress fibers and uniform distribution of F-actin in the cells, indicating their proper attachment to the scaffold matrix. Confocal microscopic studies showed that HUVECs growing on the scaffold had preserved functionality as seen by expression of von Willebrand (vW) factor. Observations also revealed that functional HUVECs were growing at various depths in the hydrogel matrix, thus demonstrating the potential of these scaffolds to support 3-D growth of cells. We foresee the application of this scaffold system in the design of liver bioreactors wherein hepatocytes could be cocultured in parallel with endothelial cells to enhance and preserve liver-specific functions.

Actins↗
PubMed2002

[Emission volatile organic compounds from new textile floor coverings].

The emission of formaldehyde and the other volatile organic compounds (toluene, styrene, 4-PC) and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from new textile floor coverings was measured with the use of environmental chamber (0.6 m3 capacity) in the following conditions: temperature 23 degrees C, relative humidity 45%, 1 exchange/hour and factor loading 1 m2 m-3. The formaldehyde was determined by using colorimetric method, VOCs by GC method. The tested carpets did not emit formaldehyde. The emission of other volatile organic compounds was very low and fulfill known requirements.

Air Movements↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of pH, temperature, and molecular size on the removal of dyes from textile effluent using manganese oxides-modified diatomite.

This work is an investigation on the use of manganese oxides-modified diatomite (MOMD) for the removal of color from textile wastewaters. The modification of the diatomite was carried out by treatment with manganese oxides; delta-bimessite type resulted. The surface area, pH(ZPC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy of MOMD were studied. The influence of concentration, pH, particle size, and temperature on the adsorption capacities of methylene blue (MB) and hydrolyzed reactive black (RB) and reactive yellow (RY) was investigated. Key thermodynamic parameters such as deltaH degrees, deltaS degrees, and deltaG degrees were also determined. The deltaH degrees of MB and hydrolyzed RB and RY was +94.64, -143.1, and -38.78 kJ/mol, respectively, whereas the deltaG degrees values of -17.68, -27.93, and -23.26 kJ/mol were obtained, indicating a spontaneous process with low activation-energy requirements. The findings further indicated that coulomb interaction, molecular size, and orientation of the dye and its surface charge played an important role in the adsorption and attachment of the dyes to the bimessite layers of MOMD.

Adsorption↗
PubMed2006

[Simultaneous determination of trace arsenic and antimony in textile by intermittent flow-hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry with L-cysteine as a prereducer].

A method for the simultaneous determination of trace arsenic and antimony in textile by intermittent flow-hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry with L-cysteine as a prereducer was developed. The optimal instrument condition was established. The influence factors such as the acidity of sample solution and carrier liquid, the concentrations of KBH4 and L-cysteine, the flow rate of carrier, and the interference of coexistent elements were investigated. The method was convenient and rapid. Under the optimal condition, the detection limits were 0.35 and 0.22 microg x L(-1), the relative standard deviations were 1.3% and 2.8%, and the recoveries were in the ranges of 93.6% - 98.4% and 92.2% - 103.6% for As and Sb respectively.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1988

[Ideal indications for the use of a textile ligament of high strength Trevira in alloplastic replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament in chronic isolated rupture].

Between August 1980 and December 1986, 120 patients suffering from chronic instabilities of the knee ligament were submitted to corrective surgery at the Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main. A textile ligament made of polyethylene terephthalate (Trevira hochfest type 730) was substituted in all cases for the disturbed or missing ligament structure. 67 out of 100 patients came to the check-up appointments. A precise and objective comparison between the preoperative and postoperative findings of each patient was now possible for the first time thanks to the most recent computer technique. Until now we were not able to do this. Possibly the results published hitherto had a subjective touch and were too much dependent on the feelings of the individual investigators. Full objective stability over several years was reached anyhow in 51.4% of the patients checked up. Especially in case of inveterate isolated rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament, the alloplastic substitution by a ligament made of Trevira hochfest is at present an ideal possibility to restore stability for a long time and to prevent severe secondary wear symptoms of the other interior structures of the knee. The failures and insatisfactory results with respect to stability are explained by an insufficient consideration of the implantation technique recommended. In order to help this method to achieve its welldeserved propagation which would be to the advantage of patients with chronic instabilities of the knee ligament, this technique is explained in detail once more and possible errors are indicated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary impairment in a cotton textile factory in Nigeria: is lifetime alcohol intake with low cigarette smoking a confounding factor?

A study of 60 Nigerian workers who seldom smoked and who were exposed for 2-15 yr in the printing, dyeing, and maintenance sections of a cotton textile factory showed a 38% airway and 20% "probably airway" symptoms. The airway symptoms were significantly (p less than .005) associated with a decrement in spirometric lung function before and after adjustment for age, height, and duration of employment. The change in residual pulmonary function (PFT) per year of employment was three times higher for the subjects with airway symptoms than for subjects presenting no symptoms. Lifetime alcohol intake was significantly (.025 greater than p less than .01) negatively correlated with pulmonary function and obstructive and restrictive lung disease parameters. Together with body weight, alcohol bottle-years accounted for between 18 and 22% of the variation in lung function, in a forward and reverse stepwise regression analysis. When duration of employment was standardized, subjects with considerable alcohol intake had significantly (.025 greater than p less than .005) lower pulmonary function before and after adjustment for age and height. When the residual PFT was further adjusted for duration of employment, the subjects with higher alcohol intake had significantly (.01 greater than p less than .005) higher residual per year of employment. The subjects presenting airway symptoms had significantly (.05 greater than p less than .005) higher alcohol intake than those in other symptom categories. These data suggest that alcohol intake is a probable confounder in the observed airway and PFT changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Chemical and electrophysiological characterization of new peptide neurotoxins from the venom of the molluscivorous snail Conus textile neovicarius: a review.

Three peptide toxins exhibiting strong paralytic activity to molluscs, but with no paralytic effects on arthropods or vertebrates, were purified from the venom of the molluscivorous snail Conus textile neovicarius from the Red Sea. The amino acid sequences of these mollusc specific toxins are: TxIA, WCKQSGEMCNLLDQNCCDGYCIVLVCT (identical to the so-called 'King Kong peptide'); TxIB, WCKQSGEMCNVLDQNCCDGYCIVFVCT; TxIIA, WGGYSTYC gamma VDS gamma CCSDNCVRSYCT (gamma = gamma-carboxyglutamate). There is a similarity of the Cys framework of these toxins to that of the omega-conotoxins; however, their net negative charges, high content of hydrophobic residues, and uneven number of Cys residues in TxIIA are highly unusual for conotoxins. When assayed on isolated cultured Aplysia neurons, all three toxins induced spontaneous repetitive firing. The TxI toxins also induced a marked prolongation of the action potential duration. Voltage clamp experiments revealed that the TxI toxins alter the kinetics of the sodium current either by slowing down the rate of sodium current inactivation, or by recruiting silent sodium channels with slower activation and inactivation kinetics. The toxins shift the voltage-dependent steady-state Na+ current inactivation curve to more positive values by 6 mV. These changes are not associated with alteration in the rate of INa+ activation, in the peak INa+, or the sodium current reversal potential. TxI represents a new class of conotoxins with an unusual phylogenic specificity and may therefore be useful as a probe for the study of voltage gated sodium channels. (This review summarizes previously published papers).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1976

Byssinosis and other respiratory ailments: a survey of 6,631 cotton textile employees.

A Pulmonary Function Survey involving a questionnaire and pulmonary function testing was carried out in 14 plants of a large cotton textile manufacturing corporation. The edited records of 6,631 employees were analyzed to help identify the prevalence and location of byssinosis and other respiratory ailments and to explore the environmental conditions associated with them. A majority of the complaints of byssinosis were found among the relatively small subset of employees located in the high dust work areas of opening, picking, and carding. Byssinosis was significantly associated with bronchitis. Smoking was significantly associated with byssinosis for employees in opening, picking, and carding. While 3% of the population had subjective symptoms (history) of byssinosis, 0.8% indicated both symptoms and objective sign by a 10% or greater drop during the working day of the one-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1). The techniques commonly used to predict FEV1 should employ race as a predictive factor.

Black People↗