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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Peri-implant mucosal inflammation and bone loss: clinical and radiographic evaluation of 108 dental implants after 1-year loading.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes, and a possible correlation between peri-implant mucosal inflammation and marginal bone loss, 1 year after restoration in a group of Chinese patients with dental implants. METHODS: Observation of the clinical and radiographic parameters of 108 IMZ and Frialit-2 dental implants in 70 patients. RESULTS: One year after loading, there were no signs of mobility and peri-implant radiolucency in any of the implants. The average bone loss adjacent to implants was 0.63 mm (SD 0.78). The prevalence of peri-implant mucosal inflammation, as indicated by sulcus bleeding index (SBI) of 1.0 or more, was 32.9%. Significant positive correlation was found between mucosal inflammation and bone loss (P < 0.05). 92% of the observed sites had plaque index (PLI) scores greater than 1. CONCLUSIONS: The 1-year outcomes from this patient group indicate that IMZ and Frialit-2 implants provide satisfactory clinical results. One of the etiologic factors of alveolar bone loss around implants seems to be plaque-associated marginal inflammation. Improvement of oral hygiene, elimination of soft tissue inflammation, and proper treatment of periodontal disease of natural teeth are critical for maintaining the implants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Responses of blood hormones to the maximal rowing ergometer test in college rowers.

BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study were to investigate the resting levels and the acute hormonal response of total testosterone (Ttot), free testosterone (Tfree), cortisol (C) and Tfree:C ratio to the 6-minute all-out rowing ergometer test. METHODS. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cross-sectional study to investigate the responses of blood hormones to the maximal rowing ergometer test in college rowers. PARTICIPANTS: Eight college level male rowers (22.0 +/- 2.8 yrs, 191.8 +/- 4.1 cm, 85.4 +/- 4.3 kg, BMI: 23.2 +/- 1.3 kg x m(-2)) took part in this investigation. INTERVENTIONS: a graded exercise test at the intensities of 150, 200 and 250 W (6-minute each) and a 6-minute all-out test on a rowing ergometer (Concept II, Morrisville, USA) were performed at separate measurement sessions. MEASURES: Heart rate (HR) was recorded at the end of each load during a graded exercise test. Individual physical working capacity of rowers was calculated at the maximum HR recorded during a 6-minute all-out test. Venous blood samples were obtained 3 minutes before and immediately after the 6-minute all-out test to determine the concentration of Ttot, Tfree, Tfree:C ratio, glucose and lactate (LA) in blood. RESULTS: Mean power was 354.3 +/- 26.8 W and HR 190.9 +/- 5.1 beats x min(-1) during the all-out test. Mean blood LA concentration at the end of the all-out test was 13.4 +/- 1.44 mmol x l(-1). The all-out test on the rowing ergometer did not change significantly the concentration of Ttot (before: 17.54+/-4.34; after: 20.03 +/- 4.80 nmol x l(-1)), Tfree (before: 0.423 +/- 0.111; after: 0.436 +/- 0.112), C (before: 477.50 +/- 119.34; after: 477.63+/-132.51 nmol x l(-1)) and Tfree:C ratio (before: 0.922 +/- 0.282; after: 0.973 +/- 0.320 x10(-3)). The transformation of these hormone values to effect sizes (ES) demonstrated that all-out test only moderately (ES < 0.61) influenced these hormone levels. Significant relationships were observed between the resting levels of Ttot and Tfree, and mean power of the 6-minute all-out test (r = 0.65 and r = 0.86, respectively). There was a non-significant increase in the level of Ttot following the all-out rowing ergometer test which was significantly related to mean power (r = 0.73) and covered distance (r = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that there are no significant changes in hormone levels during a 6-minute all-out rowing ergometer test. However, rowing performance is positively related to the resting values of Ttot and Tfree, and the non-significant changes in Ttot level following a 6-minute all-out test.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Lack of correlation between 6-month fluctuations in habitual physical activity and testosterone. Concentrations in elderly subjects.

BACKGROUND: To examine the influence of long-term modifications in habitual physical activity (PA) on resting total testosterone (TT) concentrations in a group of healthy elderly subjects. METHODS EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: 6-month prospective study. SETTING: University research departments of exercise physiology and geriatric medicine. PARTICIPANTS: thirty-one independent, community dwelling elderly subjects (16 men and 15 women) aged > 65 who volunteered to participate. INTERVENTIONS: correlational study. MEASURES: PA was evaluated by a questionnaire QAPSE (Questionnaire d Activité Physique Saint-Etienne) and expressed by two activity indices: mean habitual daily energy expenditure (MHDEE) and daily energy expenditure corresponding to leisure time sports activities (Sports activity index). RESULTS: Changes in resting TT concentrations were not related to changes in MHDEE (r = -0.28; p = 0.30 and r = -0.001; p=0.99) and Sports activity (r = -0.30; p = 0.26 and r = -0.05; p = 0.85) in men and women, respectively. Similarly, relative (%) changes in TT were not related to relative changes in MHDEE (r = -0.16; p=0.55 and r = 0.17; p=0.55) and Sports activity (r = -0.11; p=0.68 and r = 0.02; p = 0.92). CONCLUSIONS: The levels of habitual PA undertaken by an average senior do not appear to affect TT levels in healthy active elderly men and women.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

In vitro study of enamel and dentin marginal integrity of composite and compomer restorations placed in primary teeth after diamond or Er:YAG laser cavity preparation.

PURPOSE: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of laser vs diamond instruments on Class II and Class V cavity margins in primary teeth with SEM after restoration with composite and compomer materials and subsequent thermocycling. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Class V cavities with margins completely located in enamel were prepared in 36 extracted primary teeth to examine the restoration-enamel interface. Eighteen cavities were prepared with an Er:YAG laser operated at 3 Hz, 300 mJ/pulse, and 18 with a spherical fine diamond bur. In 24 primary teeth, Class II cavities with cervical proximal margins located in dentin were prepared for examination of the restoration-dentin interface. All Class II cavities were prepared with a conventional cylindrical diamond bur. In 12 cavities, the margins located in dentin were conditioned with an Er:YAG laser (1 Hz, 100 mJ/pulse). All cavities were restored with a fine hybrid composite resin or a compomer material. RESULTS: SEM examination of Class V cavities after thermocycling (between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C, 2500 cycles) revealed over 90% "perfect" margins in all composite fillings and in those compomer restorations applied after conventional preparation and acid etching. Compomer restorations placed without acid etching revealed a significantly superior marginal integrity in laser-prepared cavities (81% perfect margins) vs conventionally prepared cavities (60% perfect margins). SEM analysis of the dentinal margins of both compomer and composite restorations in Class II cavities showed mean percentages of perfect marginal adaptation ranging from only 13% to 66%. CONCLUSION: Er:YAG laser treatment can be recommended for composite restorations in Class V cavities in primary teeth. Compomer restorations can be placed after conventional preparation of Class V cavities and acid etching or after laser preparation. Dentin bonding in Class II cavities in primary teeth is not sufficient and cannot be improved with Er:YAG laser pretreatment.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2000

Long-term resin bond strength to zirconia ceramic.

PURPOSE: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the long-term bond strength of adhesive bonding systems to yttrium-oxide-partially-stabilized zirconia ceramic (YPSZ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plexiglas tubes filled with resin composite were bonded to industrially manufactured zirconia ceramic disks (96% ZrO2 stabilized by 4% Y2O3). After air abrading the ceramic and ultrasonic cleansing, groups of 16 samples were bonded in an alignment apparatus using 7 different bonding methods. Subgroups of 8 bonded samples were tested for tensile strength following storage in distilled water at 37 degrees C either for 3 days or 2 years. In addition, the 2-year samples were thermocycled 37,500 times. The statistical analyses were conducted with the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by multiple pair-wise comparison of the groups using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. RESULTS: A moderate to relatively high initial bond strength was achieved by air abrasion alone, the additional use of a silane, or acrylizing the YPSZ surface in combination with a conventional bis-GMA resin composite. However, these methods failed spontaneously over storage time. The use of the bis-GMA resin composite after tribochemical silica coating of YPSZ and the use of a polyacid-modified resin composite after air abrasion of YPSZ resulted in a high initial bond strength which decreased significantly over storage time. A durable resin bond strength to YPSZ was achieved only after air abrasion of YPSZ and using one of two resin composites containing a special phosphate monomer. CONCLUSION: A durable bond strength to YPSZ was achieved only by using resin composites containing a special adhesive monomer.

Acrylates↗
PubMed2000

Rewetting strategies for bonding to dry dentin with an acetone-based adhesive.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of rewetting agents on bonding to etched and air-dried dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For shear bond strength testing (SBS), the proximal surfaces of 90 molars were ground on wet SiC paper to prepare them for resin composite bonding with Gluma One Bond (Heraeus Kulzer, Germany). Dentin cavities were cut (Ø 3.5 mm, 1.5 mm deep) in 60 molars and restored with Gluma One Bond/Charisma for evaluation of the marginal performance (MGW). The adhesive was applied on acid-etched and rinsed dentin after the following pretreatment techniques: A: moist; B: 15 s air dried; C through F: 15 s air dried, followed by 30 s rewetting with C: water; D: 35% HEMA; E: Gluma Primer; F: 5% glutardialdehyde; G through J: as C through F, but followed by 15 s air drying. SBS data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's test, and MGW with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: Shear bond strengths of groups A and B were 20.3 and 1.1 MPa, respectively. The Tukey ranking of SBS results was [A=C=D=E] > [C=D=E] > [C=D=I] > H > [F=J] > [B=G]. Groups A, C, D, E, H, and I with 3 or 4 gap-free restorations each showed no differences in MGW (p > 0.05). In contrast, no gap-free specimens were found in groups B, F, G, or J, and marginal gaps were significantly larger (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Rewetting of dried dentin with water, 35% HEMA, or Gluma Primer resulted in effective bonding. Excessive drying after rewetting had no compromising effect on adhesion in the HEMA- and GLUMA-primed groups, whereas the water and glutardialdehyde-treated groups showed poor bonding.

Acetone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tooth-position, arch-size, and arch-shape in the primary dentition.

Tooth positions and dental arch forms are related to the growth of the cranio-facial complex. To determine the positions of primary teeth and size and shape of the primary dental arches, sixty dental casts of young children (thirty boys and thirty girls) with normal occlusions were examined. In all casts the coordinates of cusp tips of primary canines and molars, and mesial and distal line angles of primary canines and incisors were digitized. The computer-generated curves were made for the maxillary and mandibular arches using a polynomial model. The results show that there were three major cusp-to-fossa and one cusp-to-marginal ridge relations in primary molar intercuspation. On average, girl's dental arches were smaller than boy's dental arches. The mean curves of mandibular arches in anterior segments were gentler than those of maxillary arches.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2000

[Effectiveness of 4microA electroanalgesia during scaling].

What comfort can be brought by electro-analgesia in scaling? A clinical experimentation including 54 cases evidenced that scaling is not sufficiently regular. The fear of pain is a major cause. Electro-analgesia at 4 microA, provides a valuable solution to this problem, with a recognized in 59% of patients.

Analgesia, Patient-Controlled↗
PubMed2001

The relationship between normative orthodontic treatment need and measures of consumer perception.

AIM: The first aim was to investigate whether there was an association between normative (clinician measured) orthodontic treatment need and the following consumer values, 1) child self-perceived aesthetic need, 2) child self-esteem, 3) oral aesthetic subjective impact score (OASIS). The secondary aim was to investigate whether there was an association between child self-esteem and 1) child self-perceived aesthetic need 2) OASIS. STUDY TYPE: Prospective, cross-sectional. SAMPLE: A random sample of 439, 11-12 year-old children was selected from schools in Greater Manchester. METHOD: Normative and child self-perceived orthodontic treatment need were measured using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The subjects completed questionnaires to measure their self-esteem (Piers Harris) and OASIS score. RESULTS: Children with higher normative IOTN scores had more negative psycho-social impact from their malocclusion (P<0.001). However, there was no association between clinician IOTN grades and child self-esteem. Clinician and child-rated IOTN aesthetic component (IOTN AC) grades were statistically significantly different (P<0.05). Higher child self-esteem scores were associated with lower child rated IOTN AC grades (P<0.05) and lower OASIS scores (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Only one of the consumer measures studies (OASIS) reflected normative/clinician IOTN grades. A high child self-esteem appears to be related to their self-perceived malocclusion and its psycho-social impact. It is still important to have additional information derived from consumer based measures rather than rely solely on normative measures of need. It remains to be seen whether these factors subsequently influence demand and uptake of orthodontic treatment.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2000

Preemptive effects of a combination of preoperative diclofenac, butorphanol, and lidocaine on postoperative pain management following orthognathic surgery.

The aim of the study was to investigate whether preemptive multimodal analgesia (diclofenac, butorphanol, and lidocaine) was obtained during sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). Following institutional approval and informed consent, 82 healthy patients (ASA-I) undergoing SSRO were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups, the preemptive multimodal analgesia group (group P, n = 41) and the control group (group C, n = 41). This study was conducted in a double-blind manner. Patients in group P received 50 mg rectal diclofenac sodium, 10 micrograms/kg intravenous 0.1% butorphanol tartrate, and 1% lidocaine solution containing 10 micrograms/mL epinephrine for regional anesthesia and for bilateral inferior alveolar nerve blocks before the start of surgery. Postoperative pain intensity at rest (POPI) was assessed on a numerical rating score (NRS) in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and on a visual analogue scale (VAS) at the first water intake (FWI) and at 24, 48, and 72 hours after extubation. POPI in the PACU was significantly lower in group P than in group C, whereas there were no significant differences at FWI, 24, 48, and 72 hours after extubation in both groups. Preemptive multimodal analgesia was not observed in this study.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed2000

Clinical evaluation of inferior alveolar nerve block by injection into the pterygomandibular space anterior to the mandibular foramen.

The conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (conventional technique) has potential risks of neural and vascular injuries. We studied a method of inferior alveolar nerve block by injecting a local anesthetic solution into the pterygomandibular space anterior to the mandibular foramen (anterior technique) with the purpose of avoiding such complications. The insertion angle of the anterior technique and the estimation of anesthesia in the anterior technique were examined. The predicted insertion angle measured on computed tomographic images was 60.1 +/- 7.1 degrees from the median, with the syringe end lying on the contralateral mandibular first molar, and the insertion depth was approximately 10 mm. We applied the anterior technique to 100 patients for mandibular molar extraction and assessed the anesthetic effects. A success rate of 74% was obtained. This is similar to that reported for the conventional technique but without the accompanying risks for inferior alveolar neural and vascular complications.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of two oral ketamine-diazepam regimens for the sedation of anxious pediatric dental patients.

PURPOSE: This study compared 2 oral ketamine-diazepam regimens (8 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of ketamine in combination with 0.1 mg/kg diazepam) in preschool age children with respect to physiological, behavioral and amnestic parameters. METHODS: Twenty-five children completed the double-blind, crossover design. Physiologic, behavioral and amnestic effects were evaluated. RESULTS: ANOVA demonstrated significant changes in systolic blood pressures and heart rates in both the 8 mg/kg group and 10 mg/kg group (P < 0.05), as well as significant changes in diastolic blood pressures in the 10 mg/kg group (P < 0.05). However, these changes were not clinically significant. Success rates were 28% for the 8 mg/kg dosage and 44% for the 10 mg/kg dosage. There was a cumulative vomiting rate of 50% and a psychic phenomena rate of 10%. There were no statistically significant differences between the two dosages with regard to success rates, postoperative vomiting, or psychic phenomena using McNemar's test. CONCLUSIONS: There is no advantage of 10 mg/kg dose of ketamine over the 8 mg/kg dose. Ketamine did not demonstrate amnestic effects in this study. There were statistically but no clinically significant changes in physiological parameters in either group. This study does not support the use of either 8 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg oral ketamine for the sedation of uncooperative children.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Effect of orthognathic surgery on the temporomandibular joint in patients with anterior open bite.

This study examined the prevalence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) signs and symptoms in patients with anterior open bite. The influence of orthognathic surgery on the TMJ in these patients and the interaction of occlusal and psychologic variables on the presence and/or persistence of pain was studied. A retrospective survey of 83 patients with an anterior open bite who underwent orthognathic surgery was carried out. Records were examined for the prevalence of abnormal TMJ signs and symptoms, including pain. A survey was mailed to these patients that consisted of: (1) the TMJ Scale, (2) the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL90), (3) the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and (4) a visual analog scale on which patients indicated their degree of satisfaction with the procedure. Thirty-seven (42%) patients responded to the survey, and 13 (15%) also attended a clinical and radiographic examination. Multiple regression analysis was used for statistical analysis of the factors contributing to the presence and/or persistence of pain. In the preoperative group, the prevalence of pain was 32%, dysfunction 40%, and limitation of opening 7%. Age and gender were significantly associated with the presence of pain. The overall prevalence of abnormal TMJ signs and symptoms was not significantly different after orthognathic surgery. An abnormal psychologic profile was the most significant factor associated with the presence and/or persistence of pain. It is concluded that that the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in anterior open bite patients increases with age, is significantly higher in females, and is not influenced by other occlusal variables. Furthermore, orthognathic surgery does not significantly influence temporomandibular disorders in patients with anterior open bite. Female patients, particularly those with an abnormal psychologic profile, are at a higher risk of persistent postoperative TMJ pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Study of the Information Dissemination Service--Health Sciences Library, State University of New York at Buffalo.

The Information Dissemination Service at the Health Sciences Library, State University of New York at Buffalo, was established June 1970 through a three-year grant from the Lakes Area Regional Medical Program, Inc. Analysis of two samples of user request forms yielded results which significantly substantiate findings in prior biomedical literature utilization studies. The findings demonstrate comparable utilization patterns by user group, age of material, journal titles, language, time to process request, source of reference, and size of institution.

Books↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical longevity of removable partial dentures retained by telescopic crowns: outcome of the double crown with clearance fit.

PURPOSE: It was the aim of this study to investigate the long-term success of a telescopic crown system that can be used for both rigid and resilient support and to evaluate by means of a literature review whether the use of resilient support may be advantageous compared to other double crown systems when the restoration is placed on only a few remaining teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patient records were used to evaluate 125 dentures (with 460 abutment teeth) based on the Marburg double crown system. The loss of abutment teeth, endodontic treatment, and fracture of the metallic framework were investigated with regard to the different types of denture support. RESULTS: The probability that a patient would have kept all abutment teeth was 84% after 5 years and 66% after 10 years. No significant differences were found for the two groups "resilient support" (< or = three abutment teeth) and "rigid support" (> or = four abutment teeth). For abutment teeth with a double crown with clearance fit, the risk of loss was 4% after 5 years and 15% after 10 years for rigid support, and 10% and 24%, respectively, for resilient support. The risk of endodontic treatment was 7% after 5 years and 9% after 10 years for rigid support, and 3% and 7%, respectively, for resilient support. None of the denture frameworks showed a fracture during the observation period. CONCLUSION: Removable partial dentures retained by double crowns with clearance fit and constructed without major or minor connectors provide good clinical longevity. The survival rates of abutment teeth were comparable to those reported in the literature for other double crown systems. There was no significant increase of the risk of abutment loss when the restoration was placed on three or fewer remaining teeth and the concept of resilient support was applied.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical survey of acrylic resin removable denture repairs with glass-fiber reinforcement.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical usefulness and durability of continuous glass-fiber reinforcement in repair of acrylic resin removable dentures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fractured removable dentures without reinforcement, with conventional metal-wire reinforcement, or with mesh reinforcement were collected from two dental schools in Finland. The total number of dentures was 51 and the number of patients was 48. During the repair, the dentures were reinforced with a polymer-preimpregnated E-glass fiber at the region of the fracture. The fibers were used as partial fiber reinforcement, i.e., only the weakest part of the denture was reinforced. Follow-up time varied from 4 months to 4.1 years. After the follow-up period, possible fractures and discoloring were visually inspected. Possible irritation of oral mucosa by glass fibers and the general shape of the denture were also evaluated. RESULTS: In 88% of the cases, there was no need for adjustment at the region of partial fiber reinforcement, and the clinical condition of the dentures was good. Glass fibers did not irritate the oral mucosa. In the case of refracture or hairline fracture, positioning of the partial fiber reinforcement was incorrect or the reinforcement had been used incorrectly (the wetting of the reinforcement with denture base resin was inadequate). CONCLUSION: Polymer-preimpregnated partial fiber reinforcement seems to be useful in eliminating fractures of acrylic resin removable dentures. However, this study emphasizes the importance of correct positioning and accurate laboratory technique when partial fiber reinforcement is used.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interchangeability of two semiadjustable articulators.

PURPOSE: Interchangeability between articulators allows mounted casts to be transferred accurately from one articulator to another. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interchangeability of 109 new, unused interchangeable articulators in the centric position. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The interchangeability of 38 unused Whip Mix model #2240 and 71 unused model #3040 semiadjustable articulators was evaluated using the Whip Mix #2245 check system as the standard. Vertical discrepancies between the check system cylinders were also measured. RESULTS: Within the standard for interchangeability established by the Whip Mix #2245 check system (< 94 microns horizontal discrepancy), 101 (93%) of 109 articulators were interchangeable (34 were model #2240 and 67 were model #3040). Overall, the amount of vertical space between the check system cylinders was < or = 52 microns in 99.4% of the model #2240 articulators and 99.7% of the #3040 articulators. CONCLUSION: New, unused Whip Mix model #2240 and #3040 articulators are potentially interchangeable in the centric position.

Calibration↗