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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Effects of technical aids on the utilization of professional care. A study among single 75-year olds].

In this paper we describe the results of a project, in which occupational therapists visited 83 independently living, single, elderly people (clients of organisations providing care) and advised them about technical aids. Subsequently some technical aids were provided. The intervention group received, on average, three out of five advised technical aids. The effect of this intervention was an increase in the use of technical aids (people used, on average, two technical aids more at the end of the project), which means that the provided technical aids were being used. This effect was stronger in the group of the 75-84 old persons than in the above 85 year old ones. This effect led to a change in people's attitudes towards technical aids: at the beginning of the project 80% of the elderly believed technical aids could help them to remain independent and at the end this percentage was 90%. There was a slight, non-significant, decrease in the number of hours home help (from 5,4 to 4,7 hours per week). However, we were unable to ascertain an effect on the percentage of elderly using community care or waiting for institutional care. This may have been due to the heterogeneity of the intervention, the small research population and the relatively short intervention period. Elderly should be assessed as being in need of technical aids at an earlier stage.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

[Medical and pharmaceutical applications of principle component analysis].

Medical and pharmaceutical research leads to a collection of data that are presented in the form of tables. Examples from several fields in the medical and pharmaceutical sciences show that principal component analysis allows to visualise the information, present in the tables, and thereby to more easily interpret this information. The method is explained algebraically and geometrically. The possibility to apply principal components to develop models, and thereby relate certain measurable quantities, is shortly indicated.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed1987

Utilization prediction for helicopter emergency medical services.

As the number of helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) programs continues to expand rapidly, the need for an accurate, readily obtainable, inexpensive method of utilization prediction for these services has become apparent. Accurate volume and case mix prediction for these services are increasingly important as financial constraints become more severe. All previous methods of utilization prediction based on experiences of individual services or accident statistics have been either inaccurate, costly, or difficult to obtain in a relatively short period of time. Prediction of HEMS utilization requires consideration of many significant, simultaneous factors, in addition to patient needs based on population statistics. Through use of a survey of all hospital-based helicopter emergency service programs and published census data, this study analyzed factors relating to helicopter program volume and case mix, providing insight as to why previous methods utilizing total population were inaccurate. A more accurate yet simple and inexpensive method of utilization prediction for HEMS was developed.

Aircraft↗
PubMed2001

Effectiveness of community and health services-organized drug delivery strategies for elimination of lymphatic filariasis in rural areas of Tamil Nadu, India.

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is targeted for global elimination. Repeated annual single-dose mass treatment with antifilarials has been recommended as the principal strategy to achieve LF elimination. This requires an effective and sustainable strategy to deliver the drug, diethylcarbamazine (DEC), to communities. In this study, a new drug delivery strategy - community-directed treatment (comDT) - was developed and implemented and its effectiveness compared with that of the traditional health services-organized drug delivery, in rural areas of Tamil Nadu, India. Qualitative and quantitative data showed that the communities and health services were able to distribute the drug in almost all villages. The drug distribution rate and treatment compliance rate of comDT and health services treatment were statistically compared after adjusting them for clustering. Under the comDT 68% (n=20 villages; range: 0-97%) of the population received DEC, compared with 74% (n=20 villages; range: 48-95%) with the health services treatment strategy (P > 0.05). However, only about 53% (range: 0-91%) of comDT recipients and 59% (range: 32-79%) of those who received DEC from the health services consumed the drug (P > 0.05). Although statistically not significant, the distribution and compliance rates were lower under the comDT strategy. Also, the strategy's operationalization appears to be difficult because of some social factors, and the tradition of communities' dependence on health services for treatment, whereas health services-organized distribution was much less cumbersome and found to be more acceptable to people. However, the distribution (74%) and compliance rates (59%) achieved by health services were also only moderate and may not be adequate to eliminate LF in a reasonable time frame. Health services manpower alone may not be sufficient to distribute the drug. We conclude that drug distribution by health services is the best option for India and participation of the community volunteers and village level government staffs in the programme is necessary to effectively distribute the drug and attain the desirable levels of treatment compliance to eliminate LF.

Adolescent↗