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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Extracalvarial soft tissues in cranial computed tomography. Normal anatomy and pathology.

Computed tomography has emerged as the modality of choice for imaging soft tissues of the face and neck. However, the extracalvarial soft tissue anatomy has not been delineated. The CT appearance of normal anatomy and variants, including the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues, muscle layers, and subgaleal space is described. A pathologic spectrum that includes congenital, inflammatory, traumatic, and neoplastic lesions is presented. When appropriate CT windows for viewing the extracalvarial soft tissues are utilized, significant clinical information may be provided.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence of the concrete scalp deformity associated with deep scalp donor sites and management with the Unna cap.

The scalp has become a popular donor site for split-thickness skin grafts. This donor site does, however, have complications, including the concrete scalp deformity, which consists of hairs embedded in a thick, desiccated, exudative crust. This article presents our burn unit's experience with this complication. Fifty-six patients underwent scalp skin graft harvesting between 1984 and 1996. All grafts were quite thick and were used for resurfacing facial burns. Thirty-eight donor sites were treated with medicated gauze, and 18 were treated with the Unna cap, which is an Unna dressing applied over Aquaphor gauze (Beiersdorf, Norwalk, Conn). Eighteen of the 38 patients (32%) treated with medicated gauze developed the concrete scalp deformity. None of the patients treated with the Unna cap developed the deformity. Although useful, the deep scalp donor site has complications, including the concrete scalp deformity. However, with use of the Unna cap dressing, we have had no occurrences of this problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Identification and management of pediculosis.

Currently, pediculosis affects 6-12 million persons in the United States each year, and this number continues to rise. Social stigma and persistent misconceptions complicate the implementation of appropriate management strategies. Diagnosis is made on the basis of finding nits (i.e., silvery-white eggs firmly attached to the hair shaft), concentrated on the crown, behind the ears, and at the nape of the neck. Transmission occurs by direct contact with an infested person or indirectly by contact with clothing, personal grooming articles, bedding, or upholstered furniture containing viable nits or lice. Although three chemical agents are currently available, permethrin 1.0% (Nix Creme Rinse) is the treatment of choice. Environmental treatment is also necessary for the eradication of the infestation. Health care personnel who come into contact with this population need to be well informed of the facts in order to disseminate accurate information for diagnosis and management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Overdiagnosis and consequent mismanagement of head louse infestations in North America.

BACKGROUND: Lay personnel and many health care workers in the United States believe that head louse infestations caused by Pediculus capitis are exceedingly transmissible and that infested children readily infest others. Schoolchildren therefore frequently become ostracized and remain so until no signs of their presumed infestations are evident. Repeated applications of pediculicidal product and chronic school absenteeism frequently result. METHODS: To determine how frequently louse-related exclusions from schools and applications of pediculicidal therapeutic regimens might be inappropriate, we invited health care providers as well as nonspecialized personnel to submit specimens to us that were associated with a diagnosis of pediculiasis. Each submission was then characterized microscopically. RESULTS: Health care professionals as well as nonspecialists frequently overdiagnose pediculiasis capitis and generally fail to distinguish active from extinct infestations. Noninfested children thereby become quarantined at least as often as infested children. Traditional anti-louse formulations are overapplied as frequently as are "alternative" formulations. Pediculicidal treatments are more frequently applied to non-infested children than to children who bear active infestations. CONCLUSIONS: Pediculicidal treatments should be applied solely after living nymphal or adult lice or apparently viable eggs have been observed. Because health care providers as well as lay personnel generally misdiagnose pediculiasis, and because few symptoms and no direct infectious processes are known to result, we suggest that the practice of excluding presumably infested children from school may be more burdensome than the infestations themselves.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1981

Surgical treatment of fiber-implanted scalps.

The treatment of synthetic fiber-implanted scalp has not been standardized. Eleven cases are reviewed to present our experience in the treatment of this problem. Technical consideration and recent findings are discussed.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1982

Long-term remission of psoriasis after dermatome shaving.

Psoriasis is currently considered an incurable skin disorder whose etiology is unknown. Psoriasis involves the epidermis and epidermal-dermal junction of interfollicular skin. This paper reports one patient in whom a partial-thickness excision of a psoriatic scalp was done, permitting reepithelialization from the deep dermal adnexae. A 4 1/2-year follow-up documents a long-term remission of the psoriasis of the scalp.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp.

Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp or perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens is a rare, chronic, progressive, suppurative disease of the scalp of unknown etiology. It is characterized by painful nodules, purulent drainage, burrowing interconnecting abscesses, and cicatricial alopecia. The pathogenesis is unknown, although it is probably related to follicular occlusion, secondary infection, and deep inflammation. Black men in their second to fourth decade are predominantly affected. Treatment varies from systemic antibiotics to incision and drainage, x-ray epilation of the affected areas, systemic steroid administration, and surgical excision. Our experience with four patients with extensive scalp disease is presented. Wide excision of the affected areas and splitthickness skin graft are favored as our treatment of choice.

Adult↗