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PubMed1987

The transvestite and his wife.

This study reports the analysis of a transvestite man through focusing on his marital interaction and his wife's complementary behavior to his perversion. In his marriage, this patient dramatically recapitulated many of his infantile core conflicts, fixations, and traumas associated with his cross-dressing. These were: (1) the marital crisis which brought him into analysis and its associations with his split gender identifications; (2) his wife's ability to force him into cross-dressing on cue; (3) the extent to which his cross-dressing was dependent on the degree of psychic separateness he felt from his wife; and (4) his and his wife's complementary transvestite fantasies. Both this man and his wife's attempted to use their marriage as a cure for resolving their complementary transvestite problem. The extent to which they were able to accomplish this before the husband's "breakdown" (brought about by the wife's affair) was examined. The nature of his transvestite transference--what was termed his "John Wayne transference"--provided him with the ideal vehicle for the transferential working-through of the many aspects of his transvestite pathology. The continuance of a strong positive and unanalyzed transference after the formal end of the analysis was commented upon.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Recent trends in the availability, distribution, utilisation and cost of general practitioner services.

GMS data for the 1983-4 and 1986-7 years were analysed to determine the availability, distribution and utilisation of general practitioners in New Zealand. In 1986-7 there were 1724 full time equivalents (FTE) general practitioners, one per 1923 population, an annual increase in availability of 2.8% over the three years studied. The rate of availability appears to be increasing rapidly and, from Medical Council data, was around 6% for the 1986-7 year. Wide variation exists in availability, the highest being in central Auckland with one general practitioner per 1351 population, the lowest being in Invercargill with one per 2500. Utilisation increased by just over 1% annually to 3.9 services per person. The median workload in 1986-7 was 7184 services per general practitioner equivalent to a GMS income of $31,454. Each general practitioner was associated with government expenditure of about $359,000 but received only about $33,670 of this, less than one seventh of that paid by government for pharmaceuticals. Radical changes are proposed to redress inefficiencies, inequities and the perverse incentives which continue to increase in this almost totally unmanaged but fundamentally important area of health care.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1979

[Socialpsychological aspects of sexuality in old age (author's transl)].

In contrast to other existing studies, which mostly discuss the physical changes of human sexuality during age, this socialpsychological survey analyzes the existence and relevance of negative attitudes towards sexuality in old age and their relations to the sexual activity of older people. Though - according to the results of medicinal surveys - there is no biological limit for a satisfactory sexuality during old age, after personal interviews with 500 random sampled people the hypothesis was confirmed, that older people are often thought to be asexual. Especially older women, who in most cases have no more sexual relations, often believed sexuality in age to be inappropriate, indecent, perverse or even sinful. More than that it could be shown, that sexual inactivity of older people cannot be explained by detoriation of old age only - like illness or loss of partner -, but that the normative evaluation of sexuality is probably an important determinant also.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Cyclosporine in dermatology.

The entry of Cs into dermatology has been remarkable. It is too soon to say that the consequences will be revolutionary, but if the drug continues with its present promise and if toxicity does not prove a problem it could indeed promote a therapeutic revolution. In addition to this, Cs is likely to induce many new thoughts about possible mechanisms in dermatology and perversely in immunology, especially if it transpires that the mechanism of action of the drug is local and on an effector pathway. Thus it is too soon to predict what might be the place for Cs in dermatology. For the moment it is clear that there is an immense area in which a good deal of work has to be done to know whether the drug will fulfill its very great promise and the further prospect too that new analogues and topical preparations may take the therapeutic possibilities even further.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1986

[Corticosteroid therapy of multiple sclerosis with attention to biorhythms].

The corticosteroid therapy of multiple sclerosis was modified in relation to the biorhythms of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA). Prednisolone was prescribed per os in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg bw daily to be taken only in the morning once every three days for 30-45 days. In the control group, prednisolone was administered daily in a dose of 30-60 mg. In the test group, remissions were attained even in hormone-resistant forms of the disease and HPAA function was not seriously affected. Unlike control patients, no severe and persistent complications were observed in that group. The authors believe that the emergence of such complications following the corticosteroid treatment is partially related to the iatrogenic desynchronism of the regulatory biorhythmical processes in the HPAA with the suppression and perversion of adrenal function of steroidogenesis.

Adrenal Cortex Diseases↗
PubMed1986

The place of Germanic language and culture in Freud's discovery of psychoanalysis between 1895 and 1900.

Freud's self-analysed dreams between 1895 and 1900 point out: His attachment to his German mother tongue and the use of its peculiarities to represent certain polymorphous perverse fantasies of childhood (voyeurism, masochistic mostly); the recourse to living foreign languages (English and French mostly) to name the parts of the self both left alive and foreign to the consciousness; the use of Latin and Greek words to constitute one scientific universal language fitting to the knowledge of the unconscious. For Freud, the German culture is the culture to which he belongs; the antique Mediterranean culture being the culture of reference. It allows him to get free from the motherly symbiosis and to discover the Oedipus complex. The variety of languages and cultures is necessary to the preconscious activity of the psychoanalyst to whom it provides 'intermediate ideas'.

Austria↗
PubMed1987

The interplay between pathological organizations and the paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions.

I have presented clinical material to illustrate how a pathological organization can be considered to exist in an equilibrium with the paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions. While making use of paranoid-schizoid mechanisms such as primitive splitting and projective identification, the defensive structure is highly organized and held together by narcissistic intrapsychic relationships in which perverse gratification plays an important role. This organization of defences seems to be designed to produce a place of real or illusionary safety from the anxieties experienced in the other two positions. All individuals fluctuate in the defences they employ and hence can be thought of as moving between these organizations and the other two positions. They consequently demonstrate some evidence of paranoid-schizoid level function and also of the existence of pathological organizations even if they may function in a relatively mature way at other times and in other settings. In some patients however the pathological organization dominates the personality and leads to analyses which become fixed and stuck. It is argued that a recognition of these organizations of defences enables the analyst to orient himself more accurately to the clinical material and hence to address himself to the patient at a level he can understand.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Pathological jealousy.

The behavioural enactment in pathological jealousy is a substitute for and defence against full, loving and sexual, intimacy with a single, live person. It is a masturbatory equivalent, sometimes a masturbatory prelude, a perverse form of sexual relatedness. The cast of characters includes at least four roles: male and female sexual protagonists, an observer, and an audience witnessing the interaction between the three. The need for concrete evidence relates to denial, mistrust, and guilt, especially about feared destructiveness, as well as masochistic and narcissistic enhancement. The object choice in pathological jealousy involves a fantasied protector, and is basically homosexual, narcissistic. These defend against the dangers of passive needs of another person different from oneself, as well as of aggressive destruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Notes on masochism: a discussion of the history and development of a psychoanalytic concept.

The concept of masochism is used in both descriptive and explanatory ways to cover a wide variety of clinical phenomena. Although the concept has been thought to refer to a ubiquitous, fundamental, and paradoxical phenomenon, recent discussions reveal growing uncertainty about the clinical value of the term. The origins of the problem are traced here to Freud's early reliance on concepts borrowed from Krafft-Ebing's sexology. Freud later emphasized structural and object-relations issues. This shift of emphasis was associated with the use of child behavior rather than perversion as the prototype of mental function.

Aggression↗
PubMed1985

[Plasma zinc content in patients with chronic renal insufficiency before and after kidney transplantation].

Zinc content in blood plasma was measured in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) before and after kidney transplantation by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry. Plasma zinc was revealed to be lowered. However, routine intake of vitamin A by the patients led to an elevation in zinc content. Hemodialysis did not alter blood plasma zinc concentration. It was noted that during the postoperative period, the zinc level returned to normal. Patients with CRF show marked disturbances of taste sensitivity, which are manifested in the increased threshold of taste sensitivity and perversion of taste sensations.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Old familiar faces: some aspects of the asylum era in Britain, Part II.

The paper continues a review of clinical conditions and dilemmas which featured in Asylum practice during the years 1850-1950 in Britain. The rise and fall of 'Physiognomy' as a diagnostic aid and as an indicator of quality of asylum care is outlined. The problem of incontinence and the use of the ice cold douche as a therapeutic intervention in this and other forms of 'indolence or perversion' is reviewed from the writings of those who expressed opinions of these subjects at the time. Likewise, Destructive Behaviour, which was dealt with by means of 'strong clothes', presented a familiar problem. As in Part I of this review, the author concludes with a discussion of the causes and consequences of the changing faces of conditions seen in psychiatric hospitals. Viewed from the present, the changing nature of asylum insanity is apt to be forgotten and adverse judgment is apt to be applied to past practices.

Aggression↗
PubMed1985

The evolution and vicissitudes of directional scanning.

The relationship between Directional Scanning and Eye/Hand Dominance is confused. Both seem to have emerged in the Bronze Age, when patterns of artistry and cursive writing became fixed; but, by the time the alphabet was invented, the patterns became complicated by human perversity and racial rivalries, with an interesting, often damaging, legacy to the civilisations and cultures that followed.

Art↗
PubMed1985

[Chronotoxicity of cyclophosphane under different lighting conditions].

Study of the chronotoxicity of cyclophosphamide injected to mice at 18, 24, 6 and 12 o'clock has shown that animals kept under the conditions of natural changes of day and night showed the circadian rhythm of the drug toxicity with the maximal survival of the animals after injection at 24 and 6 o'clock and with the minimal survival after injection at 18 o'clock. In animals maintained under the conditions of artificial constant light the toxicity rhythm was perversed within the first hours after injection and improved on subsequent observation. Moreover the earlier death was marked in these animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Introduction to the medico-psychological study of Marie Besnard].

The author carried out a study on the somatic and mental health of Marie Besnard who, having at first been accused of poisoning eleven members of her family, was finally acquitted in 1961. He bases his study on medical reports contained in the case file, which is kept in the Palais de Justice in Bordeaux. In the light of the medical literature, the author criticizes classical psychiatric data concerning poisoners, who, in the main, are hysterical, perverse and unbalanced women. He does not believe that there is a characteristic psychological profile of such criminals. Having described the physical condition of Marie Besnard, the author analyses her psychiatric file. He criticizes the way in which the document was compiled, since in his opinion the three psychiatric experts who consigned it interpreted in an accusatory manner the subjective data of their examination. The author concludes that the penal responsability of a defendant should not be founded on psychological data, but only on objective material proof. The study finishes with the integral text of the Marie Besnard psychiatric report; the reader may therefore form his own opinion on the case.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Theoretical and experimental principles and clinical aplications of the antiandrognes (author's transl)].

It is reported the accumulated experience over the last ten years on a synthetic gestegen with a powerful antiandrogenic action: the cyproterone acetate. The effects on androgen dependent processes like: structure and function of genital accesory glands, on skin and sebaceous glands, bone maturation and growth, libido and testicular function are reported, together with the clinical results obtained in the treatment of acne, hirsutism, sexual perversions and as male anticonceptive. The influence of cyproterone acetate on the androgen dependent embrionary processew of differentiation are also discussed as wll as the female anticonceptive action and its effects on other endocrine systems.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1974

[Late destinies of anancastic psychopaths].

Anancastic Psychopaths differ from obsessive compulsive neurotics as they fulfill the second part of Schneider's formula: They are people under whose abnormality society suffers. Their asocial or antisocial impulses are in the sphere of either indecency and perversions or in aggressive outbreaks. Special manifestations are: stubborness, irascibility; willful- and self-destruction; or tendencies of becoming sadistically dangerous to the public. Because of aggressive inhibition, secretivness and denial of instinctive impulses they carry on outwardly an uneventful life. In some cases around the age of 50 defence mechanism break down and there occur manifestation of symptoms. Well known late destinies of psychopaths (Kahn) are: saturation, pseudo victory, resignation and suicide. In this paper two new examples are added: signs of breakdwon of resources in life at an earlier age and divorce. Two cases of Anancastic Psychopaths illustrate the compulsive syndrome and the obligatory outcome of their destiny.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment and resocialization of sexual delinquents by anti-androgen and psychotherapy].

The author presents the results obtained in the treatment of 40 sexual offenders receiving antiandrogens as well as psycho and sociotherapy. The paper covers the following topics: pathogenesis of sexual perversion, choice of treatment, therapeutic methodology (with particular reference to the above-mentioned combined treatment), duration of the treatment (long-term therapy), problems concerning provisory liberation and the continuation of treatment in ambulatory, prognosis, therapeutic results. The majority of these inmate-patients were treated for a period of 2 to 4 years. For 27 individuals, treatment was considered terminated after 3 to 6 years. The therapeutic results of the above-mentioned group were considered very good, that is: to date, 70% did not suffer relapse. Only 7 individuals out of these 27 relapsed and all within their first year of treatment. Thirteen out of 40 are still undergoing treatment (1 to 4 years). The majority have been liberated and continue being treated in ambulatory.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1979

[Analysis of hemodynamic reactions induced by stimulation of the hypothalamus in alert animals].

Electrical stimulation on the hypothalamus in alert cats increases the blood pressure and inhibits the baroceptor reflexes. In animals with extirpated sinocarotid and aortic nerves the pressor reactions are perversed to depressor ones at threshold stimulation of the hypothalamus. Meanwhile suprathreshold stimulation of this organ leads to emergence of depressor-pressor responses. It is suggested that inhibition of the baroceptor reflexes is one of the mechanisms of the hypertensive reaction emergence at stimulation of the hypothalamus.

Animals↗