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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

The Estonian study of Chernobyl cleanup workers: II. Incidence of cancer and mortality.

A cohort of 4,742 men from Estonia who had participated in the cleanup activities in the Chernobyl area sometime between 1986 and 1991 and were followed through 1993 was analyzed with respect to the incidence of cancer and mortality. Incidence and mortality in the cleanup workers were assessed relative to national rates. No increases were found in all cancers (25 incident cases compared to 26.5 expected) or in leukemia (no cases observed, 1.0 expected). Incidence did not differ statistically significantly from expectation for any individual cancer site or type, though lung cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma both occurred slightly more often than expected. A total of 144 deaths were observed [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.82-1.14] during an average of 6.5 years of follow-up. Twenty-eight deaths (19.4%) were suicides (SMR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.01-2.19). Exposure to ionizing radiation while at Chernobyl has not caused a detectable increase in the incidence of cancer among cleanup workers from Estonia. At least for the short follow-up period, diseases directly attributable to radiation appear to be of relatively minor importance when compared with the substantial excess of deaths due to suicide.

Estonia↗
PubMed1995

[Observation of compensatory head posture in superior oblique muscle paralysis].

PURPOSE: Superior oblique muscle paralysis is the most common disease in clinic. We analysed the cause, machanism and regularity of compensatory head posture in superior oblique muscle paralysis. METHODS: All of 27 cases with superior oblique muscle paralysis aere examined regularly, and special muscle, binocular single vision function with synoptophore examined. Bielschowsky test was made. RESULTS: In our cases, the incidence rate of compensatory head posture was 40.7%, which had relations with age when a patient had disease, period and function of binocular single vision. CONCLUSION: The existance of binocular single vision function is the physiological bases leading to compensatory head posture, and the patients whose ages are older than 3 years and the course is less than 10 years may present the compensatory head posture. So we should pay attention to early diagnosis and training to restore the binocular single vision function.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of hyperfractionated radiotherapy in soft-tissue sarcomas].

In classical irradiation, the local control can be negatively influenced by the accelerated clonogenic tumoral repopulation. A modality of control of this phenomenon can be accelerated hyperfractionated irradiation. The aim of this paper is the study of the effect of this type of irradiation in soft tissue sarcomas on patients of the Radiological-Oncological Clinic Iaşi. Accelerated hyperfractionated irradiation causes a favorable response in the primary tumor with good local tolerance, but the "free of disease" period depends on the aim of irradiation (preoperative, postoperative or single therapeutical procedure).

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1978

Periodic nocturnal myoclonus in a patient with hyperexplexia (startle disease).

The periodic nocturnal myoclonus of a patient with hyperexplexia has been studied. Evidence has been given that the jerks are spontaneous arousal reactions. The temporal characteristics of the jerks have been analysed. The jerks appear to be correlated with the respiratory rhythm and the data suggest a correlation of the jerks with circulatory and respiratory higher order waves. The results are discussed with relation to the literature concerning spontaneous sleep jerks.

Arousal↗
PubMed2002

[Disorders of external respiration in severe combined trauma in an acute period of traumatic disease].

Disorders of external respiration, clinical significance and prognostical information of the gas exchange system indexes in an acute period of traumatic disease (TD) in severe combined trauma (SCT) were studied. Pronounced stable changes of the external respiration indexes in injured persons for all forms of SCT, constituting high prognostic information in dynamics of course of TD, were revealed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Infections of febrile neutropenic patients in malignant hematological diseases (second study period).

Sixty-one febrile episodes among 27 neutropenic patients with malignant hematological diseases were studied during a study period between 1998 and 2001. The results were compared with the previous 3-year period. The main differences in treatment were that we did not use ciprofloxacin prophylaxis routinely and we added granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to the antimicrobial treatment regimen. The clinical and microbiological spectra of diseases shifted toward Gram-positive bacteremia and lower respiratory infections. The number and rate of infections and the mortality rate did not change significantly.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗
PubMed1992

Incubation period, severity of disease, and infecting dose: evidence from a Salmonella outbreak.

The associations between infecting dose, incubation period, and the severity of disease were examined in a large outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium which occurred at a medical conference in Wales in 1986. Persons who had eaten two or more pieces of the chicken vehicle had, on average, shorter geometric mean incubation periods than those who had only eaten one piece: 16.6 hours (95% confidence interval (CI) 13.5-20.5) compared with 20.7 hours (95% CI 19.0-22.6) (t = 1.97, p < 0.05). Incubation period was negatively correlated with the maximum frequency of diarrheal stools (r = -0.46, 95% CI -0.56 to -0.33), the maximum temperature reached (r = -0.34, 95% CI -0.50 to -0.16), the duration of symptoms (r = -0.41, 95% CI -0.53 to -0.26), and the amount of time taken off from work (r = -0.54, 95% CI -0.65 to -0.41). Those with shorter incubation periods were more likely to have been hospitalized. There was no association between chicken consumption and any of the measures of severity. The authors discuss the evidence that incubation period is inversely related to dose, the use of incubation period as a marker for dose, and the role that individual differences in susceptibility play in determining both the incubation period and the outcome.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1975

Investigations on the level of circulating eosinophils throughout a 24 hour period in parasitic disease.

Circulating absolute eosinophil levels were studied over a 24 hour period in a series of 10 patients with presumed parasitological disease. Seven of these ten had the distinct nocturnal increase and a percentage swing paralleling that found in normal subjects. Three patients had a reversed pattern. The latter were thought to have one or other form of filariasis. Two patients with loasis and a "physiological response" had suppression as anticipated to exogenous steroid. It is concluded that steroid administration will not separate parasitic from other causes of eosinophilia.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

[A review of the palaeopathology of bone and joint diseases of the medieval period (author's transl)].

Diseases of joints and bones, i.e. chronic Arthritits, Ankylosing, Spondylitis, Osteoarthritis are not unusual. One of the most common in bones is Arthritis. The skeletal tuberculosis is a rare finding. A Kyphosis or a collapsed vertebral is not synonymous with spinal tuberkulosis. Femur esp. the Tibia shows often a chronic Periotitis, it is perhaps caused by Lues. Pseudopathological changes are common and have often led to erroneous diagnoses.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed2005

[Identification of a new genetic entity in the form of an autosomal dominant axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease associated with periodic paralyses and pyramidal syndrome].

We report the clinical and genetic linkage analysis of eight affected patients suffering from axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT2) with periodic paralyses and pyramidal feature. The inheritance is autosomal dominant. It was characterized by onset between the first and the second decade, distal weakness and atrophy of lower limbs. Four patients showed deep sensory loss; a periodic paralyses were also present in four patients. Genetic linkage excluded all known loci of CMT2 and other loci of clinical distinctive feature. Exclusion of these loci demonstred the distinctive phenotype of this family and assess the identification of a new genetic form.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Novel polymorphisms in the caprine PrP gene: a codon 142 mutation associated with scrapie incubation period.

Age at disease onset and rate of progression of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in man, sheep and mice are modulated by the host genome, in particular by the PrP gene and its allelic forms. Analysis of the caprine PrP gene revealed several different alleles. Four PrP protein variants were found, three of which were goat specific with single amino acid changes at codons 142, 143 and 240. The fourth was identical to the most common sheep PrP protein variant (Ala136-Arg154-Gln171). The dimorphism at codon 142 (Ile --> Met) appeared to be associated with differing disease incubation periods in goats experimentally infected with isolates of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, sheep scrapie CH1641 or sheep-passaged ME7 scrapie.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Perfusion disturbances and their correction in the acute period of traumatic disease in patients with concomitant shockogenic lesions].

The topicality of a study is determined by high mortality rates in victims with concomitant shockogenic injuries. A large proportion of victims die in the acute period of traumatic disease (TD). At this time, major changes are observed in the circulatory system. For optimization of intensive care, the authors have changed a clinical classification of the acute period of TD, by applying the principles of general pathology, the data on altered hemodynamics and microcirculation. The stages of infusing-transfusion therapy considering the specific features of changes during each period, which are characteristic for victims with reversible and irreversible shock, are described. Implementation of the infusion-transfusion therapy program proposed by the authors could reduce mortality in victims with concomitant mechanical shockogenic trauma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Studies on the monoexponential nature of the left ventricular pressure fall during isovolumic relaxation period in the diseased heart.

Our recent clinical studies on the negative dP/dt upstroke pattern suggested that the left ventricular pressure (LVP) deviated from the exponential curve during isovolumic relaxation period (IRP) in diseased hearts. To examine this further two types of monoexponential curve fitting were done in various heart diseases (normal (N): 8, angina pectoris (AP): 8, myocardial infarction (MI): 13, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM): 10, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM): 8). LVP was measured by a Millar's catheter-tip transducer, and four types of time constant (T1-T4) were derived: T1 was calculated by an exponential curve fitting e-t/T1 + B (B is constant), T2 by the ratio Pm/peak (-) dP/dt (Pm is LVP at peak (-) dP/dt), T3 by the best exponential curve fit e-t/T3 + B + C (C is constant), and T4 by the ratio (Pm-C)/peak (-) dP/dt. If the exponential curve fitting was reasonable, the relation between T1 and T2, or T3 and T4, should be on the line of identity. The result was as follows: T2 = 1.4 T1 - 6.1 (r = 0.84) and T4 = 1.1 T3 - 10.7 (r = 0.94). Additionally, C (mmHg) in MI (-26 +/- 15), HCM (-36 +/- 19) and DCM (-32 +/- 20) were lower (p less than 0.05) than in N (-13 +/- 7). These findings suggest that the LVP during IRP could deviate from the monoexponential curve and that careful attention should be given to calculate the time constant in diseased hearts.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS): clinical aspects and physiopathology of a rare familial disease].

Hereditary periodic fever syndromes are defined as recurrent attacks of generalized inflammation for which no infectious or auto-immune cause can be identified. Minimal clinical variations, a unique biochemical-specific abnormality and the mode of genetic inheritance distinguish the four main diseases: familial Mediterranean fever, hyper-immunoglobulinemia D, TNF-receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) and Muckle Wells syndrome. It presents with prolonged attacks of fever and severe localized inflammation. TRAPS is caused by dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding the first TNF receptor, which result in decreased serum levels of soluble TNF-receptor leading to inflammation due to unopposed TNF-alpha action. Corticosteroid treatment is not completely effective in most TRAPS patients. Preliminary experiences with recombinant TNF-receptor analogues in the treatment appear be promising.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1977

[Age, duration of disease and survival period of patients with involvement of the nervous system by malignant lymphomas. A statistical comparison of mycosis fungoides with lymphogranulomatosis (author's transl)].

A statistical comparison dealing with age, duration of disease and survival period of patients with involvement of the nervous system by malignant lymphomas revealed the following data: 1. With mycosis fungoides, involvement of the nervous system occurs later in life than with lymphogranulomatosis; this difference is statistically highly significant (P less than 0.001). 2. There is no statistical difference (P greater than 0.05) in the duration of either type of malignant lymphoma before the nervous system becomes involved. 3. It is of high statistical significance (P less than 0.001) that, once the nervous system has become involved, the survival period is lower with mycosis fungoides than with lymphogranulomatosis. It can be expected that involvement of the nervous system by mycosis fungoides leads with 79% probability (confidential limits 99% = 47.29--96.22%) to death within 6 months.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Incubation period of coronary heart disease.

Serum cholesterol concentrations and blood pressure were measured during 1958-64 among men aged 40-59 who took part in the Seven Countries Study. In the present study these measurements were related to the national mortality from coronary heart disease in the periods 1959-61, 1964-6, 1969-71, and 1974-6. The correlations increased with time (r = +0.86, 0.90, 0.93, and 0.96 respectively for serum cholesterol concentration and r = +0.48, 0.56, 0.57, and 0.64 for systolic blood pressure), suggesting that the "incubation period" between exposure to major coronary risk factors and the maximum effects on mortality may be 10 years or more.

Adult↗