Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Ovulation Induction”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of ovarian response in ovulation induction].

To decrease the cost of determining estrogens by the High Estrotex (Mochida Pharmaceutica, Japan) method, the authors have modified it, thus reducing the usage of expensive reagents four times. The modified method was applied to evaluate estrogens in 27 infertile patients when stimulating superovulation. The findings were in agreement with the results obtained by foreign special clinics engaged in treating infertility with extracorporeal fertilization followed by embryonal transfer. The pregnancy rate in the females was 15% on an embryonal transfer basis. The modified High-Estrotex method is easy-to-use, rapid, and cost-effective in the measurement of daily urinary estrogen levels. It may be employed both in extracorporeal fertilization and embryonal transfer and in cases which require daily multiple and reliable evaluation of an ovarian response to ovulation inducers.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Ovulation induction using s.c. pulsatile gonadotrophin-releasing hormone: effectiveness of different pulse frequencies.

To determine the ovarian response to a fixed dose of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administered s.c. at four different pulse frequencies, 20 patients with hypothalamic amenorrhoea were treated over 41 cycles using a dose of 20 ng/kg/pulse. These patients were randomly assigned to receive GnRH at pulse frequencies of 60, 90, 120 or 180 min. GnRH was administered s.c. using portable infusion pumps. Subjects were paid volunteers with a diagnosis of hypothalamic amenorrhoea. All patients had low to less than detectable serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone on 8 h serial sampling, and normal serum concentrations of prolactin and androgen, including androstenedione, testosterone and dihydroepiandrosterone sulphate. Six of the 20 patients were enrolled in the protocol to achieve a pregnancy, while 14 were volunteers using a barrier method of contraception. Highest ovulation rates were achieved using pulse frequencies of 90 and 120 min (60 and 88% of cycles respectively). Ovulation occurred significantly less often with frequencies of 60 and 180 min (12 and 38% respectively; P </= 0.05). Pregnancy was achieved in four of the six patients who desired a pregnancy at pulse frequencies of 90 (three out of three) and 120 (one out of one) min. No pregnancies occurred at pulse frequencies of 60 (none out of one) and 180 (none out of one) min. When ovulatory cycles were considered, oestradiol concentrations were not different among pulse frequencies but varied significantly between ovulatory and anovulatory cycles. Integrated luteal progesterone concentrations for 90 and 120 min frequencies (118.26 +/- 25.89 and 125.15 +/- 32. 10 ng/ml/luteal phase respectively) were significantly higher than for 60 and 180 min (80.1 +/- 48.2 and 42.75 +/- 26.48 ng/ml/luteal phase respectively). Ovulation may be induced by a broad range of pulse frequencies. Pulse frequencies of 90 or 120 min for s.c. GnRH appear to induce more reliably the sequence of follicular development, ovulation and normal luteal function than frequencies of either 60 or 180 min. Significantly higher ovulation rates occurred at 90 and 120 min by s.c. administered GnRH.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Concurrent ganirelix and follitropin beta therapy is an effective and safe regimen for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate controlled ovarian stimulation cycles using the GnRH antagonist ganirelix in combination with the recombinant FSH, follitropin-beta, in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized clinical study. SETTING: Hospital-based infertility practice. PATIENT(S): Twenty women with PCOS planning to undergo ovarian stimulation. INTERVENTION(S): Fasting glucose and insulin levels were used to calculate insulin resistance ratios (FG/I). After pretreatment with oral contraceptives, serum LH levels were determined, and 250 microg ganirelix was administered on cycle day 2. Upon suppression of LH, concurrent ganirelix and follitropin-beta therapy (morning ganirelix and evening follitropin-beta) was started and continued until the day of hCG. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Days of stimulation, dose of follitropin-beta, pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy were compared based on FG/I ratios. RESULTS: One dose of ganirelix effectively suppressed LH levels in all patients. All patients ovulated as documented by a rise in progesterone. Significant differences were observed between the insulin-resistant and non-insulin-resistant groups for both days of stimulation and dose of follitropin-beta. The overall clinical pregnancy rate was 44.4%, with an ongoing pregnancy rate of 27.8%. CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary study, we demonstrate the effectiveness of a concurrent ganirelix and follitropin-beta therapy for ovarian stimulation in women with PCOS.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of antihuman chorionic gonadotropin serum antibody appearing after ovulation induction.

After repeated im courses of menopausal gonadotropins and hCG, a factor was found in a woman's serum which preferentially bound the intact hCG molecule (nanograms or milliinternational units required for 50% displacement of [125I] hCG: hCG, 9.2 ng; APL, 74 mIU; Pergonal, 400 mIU; LER 960, 900 ng; and FSH and TSH alpha-subunits, hCG beta-subunit, and LH beta-subunit, greater than 1000 ng). This factor had a low affinity (Ka = 5.8 X 10(9) liters/M) and high capacity (binding capacity, 5.5 X 10(-11) M/liter) for hCG, was isolated with the immunoglobulin G fraction of the patient's serum, and coeluted with immunoglobulin G from a Sepharose CL-6B-200 column. Preincubation of hCG with this fraction did not reduce the in vitro biological activity of the hCG in the hypophysectomized rat ventral prostate weight assay. Similarly, there was no gonadal resistance to hCG in the patient, since ovulation could still be induced with hCG, and both progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels as well as duration of the luteal phase increased after repeated hCG injections. This serum factor prolonged the half-life of injected hCG in the patient's circulation (t 1/2 = 9.4 days in patient vs. 1.3 days in controls). The titer of the factor transiently decreased with the exogenous administration of hCG. No binding of the serum factor to human placental tissue could be demonstrated by immunohistochemical techniques. Thus, this factor behaves similarly to the antibodies frequently found after the injection of other polypeptide hormones, in that it serves as a high capacity reservoir of the hormone but does not significantly reduce its biological activity. These results also indicate that the factor requires the intact tertiary structure of the hCG molecule for immune recognition.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The use of biosynthetic human growth hormone to augment ovulation induction with buserelin acetate/human menopausal gonadotropin in women with a poor ovarian response.

The present study has demonstrated the usefulness of GH in augmenting buserelin acetate/hMG to stimulate the rate of growth of follicles in women regarded as poor responders. The PR achieved was extremely encouraging in a group of patients whose prognosis was otherwise poor. Further studies are required to confirm these preliminary data.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Ovulation induction with clomiphene and dexamethasone].

Combined clomiphene-dexamethasone-treatment was applied to 20 patients and 5 pregnancies were successfully induced. The women received 150-200 mg/die clomiphene from the fifth through the ninth days of their cycles, and 2 mg/die dexamethasone from the fifth to the fourteenth days of cycle. Three of the 5 pregnancies were closed successfully and two by caesarean section, one of them with twins. The combined clomiphene-dexamethasone-treatment is recommended as a sterility therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate complicated by deep vein thrombosis.

A case of recurrent deep vein thrombosis following standard clomiphene citrate treatment, in a patient with a history of a previous episode of deep vein thrombosis, is described. This case indicates that deep vein thrombosis might be a rare but hazardous complication of clomiphene citrate treatment in patients with certain risk factors. We recommend that the use of clomiphene citrate in such cases be undertaken with caution and under close surveillance.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Ovulation induction in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the major cause of anovulatory infertility. Throughout the years, several and effective medical and surgical therapies have been proposed to treat the ovarian dysfunction. To date, new effective and cheap drugs, such as metformin and aromatase inhibitors, are available. The aim of the present descriptive review is to describe the main therapeutic approaches for treating infertile patients with PCOS.

Aromatase Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of ultrasound in ovulation induction by gonadotropins.

Fifty anovulatory women were selected for treatment with gonadotropins. Sixty-five were monitored by serum 17-beta estradiol (E2) levels and human chorionic gonadotropin was administered accordingly. Retrospective evaluation of cycles indicates that the overstimulation syndrome and the number of undesired multiple pregnancies can be reduced after both ovaries have been visualized by ultrasound if, regardless of E2 serum levels, human chorionic gonadotropin is administered when one or two mature follicles are seen and withheld when three or more mature follicles are seen.

Anovulation↗
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic removal of an abdominal pregnancy adherent to the appendix after ovulation induction with human menopausal gonadotrophin.

The laparoscopic management of tubal pregnancies has become a standard form of treatment. We present, for the first time, a successful laparoscopic approach in the management of early abdominal pregnancy. Although it is difficult to reach conclusions from such limited published experience, it nevertheless appears that early abdominal pregnancies can be treated via operative laparoscopy. The possible advantages of such a therapeutic approach include lower morbidity and mortality, and a better fertility prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ovulation induction with clomiphene and the rise in heterotopic pregnancies. A report of two cases.

Two women were treated for heterotopic pregnancies, the simultaneous occurrence of an intrauterine pregnancy and an ectopic pregnancy. The commonly accepted incidence is 1:30,000. The actual rate appears to be significantly higher; the two most prominent reasons are today's increased rate of ectopic pregnancies and the increased use of clomiphene in infertile women. A rigorous evaluation is required in all early pregnancies in which an ectopic is suspected to rule out the presence of a heterotopic pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The impact of insulin resistance on the outcome of ovulation induction with low-dose follicle stimulating hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

In this study we examined the possible correlation between insulin metabolism and outcome of gonadotrophin stimulation in infertile clomiphene citrate resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The patient group comprised 42 women who were entered into the study in a consecutive fashion. Following performance of the CIGMA (continuous infusion of glucose with model assessment) test, 17 women were classified as insulin resistant and 25 women as non-insulin resistant. Each woman received up to two cycles of low-dose follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation starting with 75 IU of FSH for 1 week, giving a total of 70 cycles performed. The insulin resistant PCOS women required more gonadotrophin and a longer time to achieve follicular maturation. By multiple regression gonadotrophin consumption correlated best with CIGMA value but not with fasting insulin concentration or body mass index. In the insulin resistant PCOS women 10 out of 29 cycles were cancelled due to a multifollicular response, while only one of 41 cycles was cancelled in the non-insulin resistant PCOS women. Although ovulation rate in completed cycles was similar between the groups, the conception rate was significantly better in the non-insulin resistant PCOS women. In conclusion, in PCOS women insulin resistance seems to be an unfavourable condition resulting in an elevated cancellation rate and a low conception rate following low-dose FSH stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Methods of ovulation induction].

Basing on the mechanism of the endocrine regulation of the reproductive events in the women causes and therapy of the endocrine sterility are discussed. Causes of endocrine sterility are divided into the entities hyperprolactinemic, hyperandrogenemic, hypo- and dysgonadotropic hypogonadism. Concerning these disturbances the specific therapeutic opportunities with the inhibitor of the prolactin secretion, with antiandrogenes, corticosteroids, antiestrogens, gonadotropins or gonadotropin-releasing hormone, respectively, are summarized. With a proposed scheme for diagnostic and therapeutic use an effective and economic proceeding in the treatment of the endocrine caused female sterility is intended.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1993

Pulsatile intravenous gonadotrophin releasing hormone for ovulation induction: determinants of follicular and luteal phase responses.

When anovulation results from a deficiency of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GrRH), substitution therapy with pulsatile peripheral i.v. GnRH is almost always successful. A review of published papers leads to the following conclusions for achieving the best results: (i) the i.v. route is superior to the s.c. route; (ii) the pulse interval should lie between 90 and 60 min, and may be shortened, but not lengthened, as follicular response takes place; (iii) the pulse dose for i.v. administration should be approximately 75 ng/kg (in practice, 2.5 micrograms/pulse for women weighing < 50 kg and 5.0 micrograms/pulse for women weighing > 50 kg is satisfactory). The more profound the degree of hypothalamic and pituitary suppression when GnRH is started, the longer the preliminary rise in FSH will last and the longer will be the duration of the follicular phase. The greater the tendency towards exaggerated LH release (indicating polycystic ovary syndrome), the less likely it is that satisfactory follicular development will follow. The luteal phase depends on (i) the adequacy of follicular development, (ii) the adequacy of the ovulatory stimulus, and (iii) continued trophic stimulus from LH or from administered human chorionic gonadotrophin. Ovulation rates with pulsatile GnRH in hypothalamic chronic anovulation should exceed 95% and appear limited only by technical failures.

Anovulation↗
PubMed2006

Addition of human chorionic gonadotropin to clomiphene citrate ovulation induction therapy does not improve pregnancy outcomes and luteal function.

In a randomized prospective study, 125 women with World Health Organization class II anovulation received 50 mg of clomiphene citrate alone (group A, n = 65) or 50 mg of clomiphene citrate plus hCG (group B, n = 60) in a total of 125 cycles during natural intercourse-advised cycles. There were no statistically significant differences between groups regarding pregnancy outcomes and midluteal P levels, but luteal phase length was longer in group A.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1983

Vital initiation of pregnancy (VIP) using human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin ovulation induction: phase II--1981.

In a program for in vitro fertilization, laparoscopies for oocyte aspiration were performed on 24 patients receiving human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin. Of the 40 preovulatory oocytes that were recovered from these patients, 33 (83%) were fertilized and 30 (75%) cleaved and were transferred. Ten immature oocytes were collected, and attempts were made to mature these in vitro prior to insemination. All ten oocytes (100%) did fertilize, and seven (70%) cleaved and were transferred. Morphologic variation was noted between cleaving conceptuses, even in those conceptuses responsible for establishing pregnancies. Five pregnancies resulted from 19 embryo transfers (26%).

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1997

A new concept of cotreatment with human growth hormone and menotropins in ovulation induction protocols.

Follicular development in the primordial and preantral stages is almost completely independent of gonadotrophins or steroids and is mainly dependent on growth factors and local regulators. Since human growth hormone (hGH) was found to facilitate ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation, we hypothesized that the administration of hGH in an hypogonadotrophic state and prior to ovarian stimulation with menotropins, may initiate or facilitate the propagation of the primordial and preantral follicles to the gonadotrophin-dependent stages. We suggest that treatment with hGH prior to menotropin administration may be useful to improve results for poor responders to gonadotrophins.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1993

Combined intrauterine triplet and ectopic pregnancy following pronuclear embryo transfer in a patient with elevated serum progesterone during ovulation induction.

We present a case of heterotopic pregnancy occurring after ET of pronuclear-stage embryos. This case demonstrates that pronuclear embryos have a good implantation potential and suggests that the potentially adverse effect of high follicular-phase serum progesterone levels on endometrial development might be offset by early ET of pronuclear embryos. This, however, is speculative and deserving of formal scientific evaluation. Finally, we are reminded that heterotopic pregnancy complicates 1 to 3% of IVF-ET pregnancies and that, even with a high index of suspicion, most heterotopic pregnancies are diagnosed after rupture. All assisted reproductive programs should be reminded frequently that ectopic and heterotopic pregnancies do occur and can lead to serious consequences if left undetected.

Adult↗