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PubMed2004

[Evaluation of an educational program for adolescents with asthma].

Knowledge and understanding is important to the quality of life and coping ability of adolescents with bronchial asthma. Adolescents are often difficult to recruit and retain in educational programmes; the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a modern training programme for adolescents. The two-day training programme included question sessions about asthma, lectures, videos, demonstrations, searches on the internet, counselling and group discussions. The evaluation was based on focus group interviews with 39 adolescents, 13 to 16 years of age, divided into 7 groups. Adolescents were motivated for learning via the internet. The group discussions inspired to confidence and openness about one's own disease and medication. The educational model provided motivation for self-reliance and autonomy.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1987

A community model for physician, educator, and parent collaboration for management of children with developmental and behavioral disorders.

This article describes a model for physician, educator, and parent collaboration in the management of children with developmental and behavioral disorders. The results of implementing the model with 256 professionals and parents of developmentally disabled children are described and discussed. The benefits of using the model in school districts and/or communities seeking to improve interprofessional collaboration and work with families are presented. The model has been demonstrated to be effective in producing practical solutions for improving collaboration that is relevant to local community barriers and based on input from physicians, educators, and parents.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Empowerment of patients with end-stage renal disease--a randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of an empowerment program on empowerment level, self-care self-efficacy and depression in patients with end-stage renal disease. The study was a randomized controlled trial; qualified patients in two dialysis centers of major hospitals in southern Taiwan were randomly assigned into an empowerment group (n=25) and a control group (n=25). The empowerment program included identification of problem areas for self-management; exploration of emotions associated with these problems; development of a set of goals and strategies to overcome these problems to achieve these goals; creation and implementation of behavioral change plans; and stress management. The outcomes measured were the Empowerment Scale, the Strategies Used by People to Promote Health and the Beck Depression Inventory. Data were collected at baseline and 6 weeks following intervention. Primary statistical analysis was by means of t-test and analysis of covariance. The results indicated that scores of the empowerment (t(48)=6.54, p<0.001), self-care self-efficacy (F(1,47)=10.82, p=0.002) and depression (t(48)=2.49, p=0.03) in the empowerment group have a significantly greater improvement than the control group.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eleven years of primary health care delivery in an academic nursing center.

Academic community nursing centers (CNCs) emphasize partnership with the communities they serve to provide access to services that promote, restore, and maintain health. In this study, selected data from an 11-year clinical data set are presented to show the scope of academic CNC nursing practice, describe client services and expanded nursing roles, show the use of a computerized clinical documentation system in tracking nursing practice, and assess the usefulness of the Lundeen conceptual model. The study design was a retrospective review of computerized client record data. The setting was a CNC located in the neighborhood center of a large federally subsidized housing development. The sample was 25,495 client visits to the CNC. Visit data were coded and entered into a relational data management program to facilitate analysis. Findings show an expansion over time of nursing practice and client services that include strong case management and management of illness care. Findings also suggest that a computerized clinical documentation system that specifically tracks nursing practice is vital if nurses are to identify and eventually be reimbursed for client care specific to nursing practice. Finally, the Lundeen conceptual model was shown to be useful across the continuum of care provided at CNCs.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2004

Community-based student practice: a transformational model of nursing education.

Nursing and nursing faculty shortages demand innovation of nurse-educators and nursing leaders to prepare nursing students for the environment in which they will practice. This article outlines the process of curricular revision undertaken by a department of nursing in a small rural liberal arts college, in partnership with clinical affiliates, based on a structure-process-outcome framework. An expanding literature base promotes service learning in nursing education. Comparison of service-learning and community-based nursing education led the partners to view community-based nursing education experience as practice, and, as such, an emerging model that transcends service learning. Community-based student nursing experiences that meet student, program, and community outcomes are planned and implemented in collaboration with community partners. This model provides students with opportunities to develop a rich understanding of the professional nursing role, while promoting nursing workforce development at both the individual and organizational levels.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1990

Working with the elderly: a one-year internship training program combining practice and theory.

The Golden Age Association, a 6,000-member senior center, provides educational, recreational, social, cultural, and physical activities to well, aged people. In 1983, a training program was developed to enable the center to offer new services and programs to a growing senior population during a time of budgetary restrictions. The importance of maintaining and increasing the quality of life of seniors was paramount. A program was designed to recruit and train intern/staff assistants for a practical and theoretical one-year course. They received hands-on experience in the center and participated in an ongoing gerontology course. The center's goals were to provide high-caliber workers and generate a group of skilled people to work with seniors in the center and elsewhere in the community. This article focuses on recruitment, training, job assignment, and the evaluation process. The plausibility of this type of program is explored using a nontraditional adult education model and the "teachable moment" as well as staff-intern-volunteer relationships. This program is an example of what can be done to provide service and simultaneously train future gerontology workers.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Incorporating psycho-educational family and carers work into routine clinical practice.

There is growing evidence of the benefits of family and carers interventions using a psycho-educational model for carers of people with psychosis. In order to get this work into clinical practice, a network of interrelated services for carers and families of people with psychoses has been established in Reading, Berkshire. This paper reports the experience of the authors in establishing these services using a series of practice development initiatives including training for staff, education programmes, integration projects and collaboration across organizations. This work illustrates change processes through which evidence-based practice has been incorporated into routine clinical care and in which research-based assessment and evaluation tools have being used in routine clinical practice to measure outcomes.

Caregivers↗
PubMed2002

Genetics and gerontological nursing: a need to stimulate research.

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss how genetics will affect gerontological nursing. The chapter will answer two questions: (1) Which aspects of genetics will be most relevant to future gerontological nursing practice? and (2) What will be the impact of genetics on the future of gerontological nursing education and research? MEDLINE was searched for relevant articles from 1995 to 2001 using the key words aging, genetics, geriatrics, nursing education, research, and gerontology. CRISP was searched using the thesaurus terms education/planning, genetics, health education, model design/development, psychological model, pubic health curriculum, behavioral/social science research, and research nursing/genetics. A total of 101 nursing and nonnursing articles were reviewed. Research reports were selected if they focused on issues related to gerontological nursing. Articles were reviewed that had application to genetic nursing, complex diseases, and genetics. The evolution of the science of genetics will revolutionize gerontological nursing and affect future nursing education and research as the concepts of genetic science and the technology they generate are translated into everyday clinical practice. Genetic discoveries in common complex diseases will affect care provided by gerontological nurses in the 21st century. Gerontological nurses must move quickly to recognize this genetic paradigm shift and to incorporate genetics issues into their nursing practice.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Preparation for ambulatory surgery: a patient education program.

New experiences for patients and new role responsibilities for nurses emerge in the ambulatory surgical setting. Due to limited access to health care providers, individual patients must assume presurgical and postsurgical responsibility for their own well-being and self-care. Patient education that focuses on the perioperative experiences associated with ambulatory surgery is necessary to assist the patient's recovery efforts. This article will analyze the numerous steps involved in creating and evaluating a patient education program that prepares an adult patient for ambulatory surgery. The Systems Evaluation of Patient Education model developed by Rankin and Duffy will be used to illustrate how a PACU nurse systematically proceeded to examine needs, identify resources, implement the instructional program, and analyze outcomes.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Facilitation of clinical integrations into the academic triad model.

This article presents a brief overview of the historic evolution of nursing faculty practice, with an emphasis on the integration of practice into the traditional academic triad model of teaching, scholarship, and service. Different practice models are discussed and the pros and cons of faculty practice are reviewed. An evaluation of the more than 25 years of faculty practice at the Lienhard School of Nursing, Pace University, is presented as an exemplar. This analysis was based on survey results and informal interviews. Two major outcomes are discussed: the formation of a support group for faculty who are practicing and a recommendation for a University-wide cultural shift.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2006

A computer-assisted instructional program for teaching portion size versus serving size.

Obesity is becoming an increasingly important community health threat, accounting for more than 300,000 deaths per year in the United States. The cumulative economic impact of obesity and overeating is enormous. Factors contributing to the problem include eating food away from home, consuming large or excessive quantities of soft drinks and snack foods, and large portion sizes. Discriminating between portion and serving sizes and determining the appropriate number of serving sizes to consume on a daily basis are key to maintaining a healthy diet. The purpose of this project was to create a computer-assisted instructional tool delineating serving size from portion size. The tool can be used by health care professionals to provide direct instruction to individuals or as part of a group approach to healthy eating.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed2004

A brief intervention to increase physical activity in sedentary working women.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a brief, tailored counselling intervention is effective for increasing physical activity in sedentary women when delivered in the workplace. This prospective randomized trial used a brief intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model. The intervention group received health screening, a brief intervention, and, 2 weeks later, a booster telephone call from a nurse practitioner. The intervention was tailored to each woman's reported exercise behaviour. The 134 women randomized to the intervention were compared with 153 women in a control group who received health counselling not tailored to their exercise behaviour and no telephone call. Six weeks later, the intervention group, when compared to baseline, had significantly improved their physical activity, increasing their amount of weekend physical activity as well as minutes walked for exercise, on errands, total walking, and total daily blocks walked. When compared to controls, they showed significantly greater gains. This test of a brief, tailored strategy provides a critical contribution to the search for efficient, effective ways for nurses to deliver workplace health promotion interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An educational "treatment plan" model for the general practice residency.

The need to match residency program experiences with the interests, skills, and personal goals of residents is influenced by many factors. A structured system, the Individualized Educational Plan, is described which provides a formalized means of addressing each of these needs. The development of an educational plan, similar in concept to the development of a formal treatment plan for patients, provides the basis for the system. The system provides both the program director and the resident with the means to evaluate in detail the resident's progress and the program's performance in helping the resident achieve competency.

Education, Dental, Graduate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Leveraging the power of the media to combat HIV/AIDS.

Improving HIV/AIDS prevention efforts, especially those focused on young people, is a key challenge in the fight against the pandemic. Since the mid-1990s the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation has partnered with U.S.-based media companies on comprehensive HIV/AIDS campaigns. This paper outlines the unique public education model that it is using, and how Kaiser is expanding this work globally by working with some of the largest media companies in the world to undertake new initiatives in Russia and India.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Practice-based education at Michigan State University.

Practice-based large animal education at Michigan State University (MSU) was initiated in 1995. Urbanization of the area surrounding MSU and the declining number of livestock and farms to provide clinical experience under field conditions were the major reasons for adopting this educational model. Veterinary students, as a requirement for graduation from the professional program, must successfully complete a three-week clerkship in a private practice that has either a food animal or an equine emphasis. The objective of the practice-based program is to provide students with introductory on-the-farm experience, with emphasis on examination, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of common medical and surgical conditions of horses and/or food animals. Participating practices must be located in Michigan, have a sufficient case load, be interested in teaching senior veterinary students, and be willing to interact with the program coordinator and attend annual meetings. Sixty-nine practices are currently participating. The program coordinator matches students to practices based on the students' species interest and background, the personalities of the student and practitioner, and any special concerns or needs of the students (health conditions, child care). Assessment of students includes a practitioner's performance evaluation and review of written assignments (case log, clinical case reports, and a practice management assessment report) by campus faculty. A pass/no pass grading system is used. Overall, the Practice-Based Ambulatory Program represents a successful model for meeting the clerkship objectives. Additionally, exposing students to a high volume of commonly encountered conditions in a private business setting complements the referral cases seen in our large animal teaching hospital.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Treatment--education.

The educational model which proposed knowledge improvement as a necessary condition for behaviour change (or increased compliance!) is wrong. It ignores the reality that patients fail to comply for many reasons, the least of which is insufficient information. This is not to say that group programmes, or certain types of individual intervention, are not effective in producing change in variables other than factual knowledge, particularly psychosocial factors. There is increasing evidence that formal education programmes are associated with changes in attitude, which may be more a result of the interaction between participants than a response to educational content, and that it is these attitudinal changes which are the precursors to behavioural change. The initial enthusiasm of the medical community for diabetes education as the solution to the major problem of non-compliance has now been replaced by a healthy skepticism. Diabetes education, by itself, has little to offer the patient whose metabolic control is inadequate. The effectiveness of formal education programmes in patients with compromised metabolic control is limited to the few cases where specific information, or a general understanding of diabetes in a newly-diagnosed patient, is lacking. Information deficit is a specific diagnosis with a specific remedy and in many cases the most efficient treatment may be formal education. For the vast majority of patients, however, the information gained from attending traditional diabetes education programmes has very limited implications for behaviour change.

Attitude↗