Epiphyseal displacement after metaphyseal fracture in renal osteodystrophy.
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This report documents the ninth example of a chondroblastoma localized to the metaphysis of a long bone. The tumor appeared as a lytic lesion in the femoral neck of an 18-year-old boy and was associated with a periosteal reaction. When such neoplasms occur in an unusual location with associated periosteal reaction, chondroblastoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
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Seven children with fractures of the proximal tibial metaphysis, with primary valgus angulation and cortical diastasis medially, were seen at follow-up 18 months to 11 years after the accident to assess the trend of the valgus deformity. All the children had been treated non-operatively with a plaster cast. In six patients showing radiological signs of interposition of soft tissues medially in the fracture gap, the valgus angulation had progressed during the first year despite clinical healing. From 1--2 years after the accident the deformity slowly regressed due to corrective longitudinal growth. Routine surgery to remove the interposed soft tissue does not seem to be justified.
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An ipsilateral proximal humerus fracture, "flexion" supracondylar humerus fracture, and olecranon fracture found together is a rare event. The supracondylar fracture should be reduced and percutaneously pinned before the ipsilateral upper extremity fractures are reduced. Displaced supracondylar fractures should be pinned with crossed smooth pins. Most pediatric proximal humerus and olecranon fractures can be treated closed.
Nonossifying fibromas and fibrous cortical defects are the most common benign lesions of the skeletal system. They are frequently detected incidentally on radiographs taken for an unrelated reason. The diagnosis is routinely made solely on the basis of the history, physical examination, and radiographic appearance. The incidence of multifocal nonossifying fibroma is typically underestimated in patients initially found to have a solitary lesion; the use of a limited skeletal survey rather than bone scan may help detect multifocal lesions in this population. Small, asymptomatic lesions may be followed over time using serial radiographs. Incisional biopsy, curettage, and bone grafting are indicated for large lesions that raise concern for impending pathologic fracture, for lesions that have become painful, and for lesions whose characteristics prevent a definitive radiographic diagnosis. Pathologic fractures involving these lesions should be treated with cast immobilization until the fracture has healed, followed by biopsy, curettage, and bone grafting.