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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

N-nitroso compounds and tobacco-induced cancers in man.

Human exposure to N-nitroso compounds in tobacco products is more intense and widespread than from any other known source. This paper presents evidence that two of these N-nitroso compounds, 4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and N'-nitrosonornicotine are involved in causing cancers of the oral cavity, lung, oesophagus and pancreas in tobacco users. The reduction or elimination of these nitrosamines from tobacco products would probably lead to a decrease in the incidence of these cancers.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1991

[Features of surgical intervention in patients with cancer of oral cavity organs after a radical course of radiotherapy].

The paper is concerned with the results of extended and combined operations on 58 patients, subjected to a previous radical course of beta-beam or combined (external and contact) irradiation for cancer of the oral cavity and oropharyngeal organs. Over 2 years after operation 50% of the patients are alive. Twenty-two patients died of tumor relapse, regional or distant metastases, one patient died of another tumor site, and 6 patients died from intercurrent diseases. The results obtained are indicative of the appropriateness of this kind of operations. The use of plastic surgery simultaneously with the removal of a primary tumor prevents severe postoperative complications.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

Malignant, peripheral nerve-sheath tumour of the mandible: report of a case.

A report of an aggressive, peripheral nerve-sheath tumour that presented as a lump on the alveolar mucosa near the mental foramen is presented. Although the tumour was detected in the periphery and appeared to extend centrally, extensive surgery suggested that the tumour had its origins in the infra-temporal fossa.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Metastatic carcinomas involving the heart. Review of postmortem examination.

This article deals with metastatic involvement of the heart and is based on autopsy material of the Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Zagreb, from the beginning of 1983 through June 1988. The incidence of heart metastases of carcinomas originating from various sites as well as positions of the tumor within the heart were considered. Heart metastases were recorded from 39 of 477 malignant neoplasms of epithelial origin, which made an incidence of 8.2%. Pericardium and myocardium were equally involved. Pericardial involvement occurred mostly as diffuse carcinosis, whereas the myocardium was involved most frequently on the left side. Metastases from primary lung carcinoma affected the heart in 7.4% of all cases and from carcinoma of the female genital tract in 7%. Great attention is deserved by primary carcinomas of the tongue and sublingual region which involved the heart in 23.7% of all cases. No similar data were found in the available reference.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[The role of human papillomavirus in the pathogenesis of papillomas of the upper aero-digestive tract].

The term 'papilloma' is used to describe a highly diverse group of exophytic pathologic lesions in the upper aero-digestive tract. These lesions differ according to anatomic site, constituent epithelium and endoscopic appearance. The varying pathogenesis of papillomas is incompletely understood, but appears to be related both to host factors, e.g. regional differences in the susceptibility of epithelial cells, and to a number of cofactors. Among the cofactors already identified, the human papilloma virus is increasingly recognized as playing an important role in the pathogenesis of laryngeal papillomata and some specific oral proliferative lesions. The systematic identification and characterization of human papilloma viruses in tissues from papillomas will provide the basis for a better understanding of the potential pathogenetic role of these viruses in the development of benign and malignant proliferation in the upper aero-digestive tract.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Epidemiology and natural history of cancer of the upper respiratory-digestive tract].

Squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aero-digestive tract represents 86% of all malignant neoplasms developing in the head and neck. In Italy a comparison of the standardized incidence data shows that such cancer is more frequent in the northern than in the central and southern parts of the country. Males are more often affected than females. After considering the most important risk factors the authors analyze the epidemiology and natural history of cancer of each organ of the head and neck.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Occupation and cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx].

There is increasing evidence of an association between occupational factors and head and neck cancer. The present paper reviews the most relevant epidemiological studies published within the last 30 years. Generally these studies indicate an increased cancer risk for "blue collar workers" exposed to dust or inhaled organic and inorganic agents. Moreover, the increased risk of head and neck cancer in most studies persists after adjustment for alcohol and tobacco consumption. More detailed, clinically orientated studies are necessary to provide a better understanding of the role of occupational factors in head and neck cancer.

Carcinogens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Orodental care before and after radiotherapy affecting the oral cavity].

This article shows that once topical fluoride applications have been prescribed, oral rehabilitations should be adapted to each patient. Post radiotherapy maintenance is also essential to maintain a good dental equilibrium. This adequate dental condition is the best preventive measure against late osteoradionecrosis of dental origin.

Fluorides, Topical↗
PubMed1987

Flow cytometry: DNA analysis of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract.

The flow cytometer is capable of analyzing a large number of cells or cell nuclei. The flow cytometer has been used to analyze the DNA content of tumor cells from squamous cell carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract using a modification of the Vindelov staining procedure. The main difficulty in analyzing solid tumors using flow cytometry technology is the disaggregation of the cells and the quantification of the diploid point (2N point). A set of internal standards was developed for establishing the 2N point, as well as a technique for disaggregation, which is described. A histogram characteristic of a more aggressive squamous cell carcinoma which tends to recur more quickly and more frequently than the other squamous cell carcinoma histogram types was identified. The flow cytometer proved to be a practical method of analysis allowing for quantitative measurement of DNA content from a large number of cells originating from a squamous cell carcinoma. The trend between recurrence and histogram type will require further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Nutrition of ENT tumor patients treated with radiotherapy. Comparison of oral and enteral nutrition using percutaneous gastrostomy].

The nutritional state of 99 patients with head and neck malignancies was assessed before, during and up to 18 weeks after radiotherapy (DXRT) using anthropometry, immunology and blood chemistry. 73 patients were fed orally during therapy, first with a normal diet and later, when the side effects of DXRT worsened, with a supplemental liquid formula diet. During the first two weeks 26 patients were treated with a PEG (percutaneous endoscopically controlled gastrostomy) and were fed mainly enterally with formula diets. The parameters of those patients fed orally during DXRT worsened rapidly and only recovered slowly and incompletely. On the contrary, in spite of their poor initial condition, the patients with PEG improved their state of nutrition, even during DXRT. Both the objective parameters of nutrition and the subjective condition of the patients were measured with the help of the "quality of life index". During DXRT the quality of life of both groups deteriorated equally. The objective parameters of nutrition showed that the patient's strength and the capacity for work remained constant. Unexpectedly, after DXRT only the orally fed patients were found to have an improved subjective condition, probably because the PEG patients were reminded of their disease by the tube, in spite of successful completion of tumor therapy. This undoubtedly impedes the return to normal family and working life. Early and consistent enteral diet with PEG helps to stabilize the state of nutrition of patients with head and neck cancer, and is recommended, especially for patients already suffering from malnutrition before starting an aggressive multimodal tumor therapy.

Body Mass Index↗
PubMed1989

[Pulmonary metastases of malignant tumors of the oral and maxillofacial region. Analysis of 70 cases].

Records of 685 cases of malignant tumors in the oral and maxillofacial regions were collected. Pulmonary metastases occurred in 70 of these cases. The metastatic rate was 10.2%. Roentgenographic appearances of pulmonary metastases were divided into 3 types: (1) Multiple ball-like lesion (78%); (2) Single ball-like lesion (14%); (3) Irregular lesion (8%). When metastasis was single, diagnosis was made according to the location of the metastasis and comparison between and old recent roentgenograms. Pulmonary metastasis was more frequent in tumors of the submandibular gland (34.5%), the base of the tongue (33.3%), and the sublingual gland (27.3%). Adenoid cystic carcinoma (47.8%) and adenocarcinoma (26.5%) might readily develop pulmonary metastasis. Pulmonary metastasis was rare in squamous cell carcinoma (2.5%). The metastatic rates were 3.9%, 5.4%, 6.5%, and 7.1% in stage I, II, III and IV, respectively. The period between the occurrence of pulmonary metastasis and initial treatment was from 1 month to 8 years and 5 months, with a mean of 33.8 months. The period between the occurrence of pulmonary metastasis and death of the patient was from 1 month to 8 years and 8 months, with a mean of 21.4 months.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiple transcriptional activation of cellular oncogenes in human head and neck solid tumours.

Expression of six cellular oncogenes in fresh human tumours and normal tissue from head and neck regions of 20 patients were assessed: 7 samples of normal tissue (controls), 4 premalignant (pleomorphic salivary adenoma) and 14 malignant tumours (squamous cell carcinoma) were examined. Normal and malignant tissue was available from the same patient in four cases, whereas normal and premalignant tissue in one case. Significant elevation of Ha-ras, Ki-ras, and myc oncogene expression were found both in premalignant and malignant tumours as compared to the normal tissue. Oncogenes fes, abl, and sis were expressed at similar low levels in all tissues examined. The results suggest activation of multiple oncogenes in premalignant and malignant tumours from the human head and neck regions.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Preoperative chemotherapy for head and neck cancer].

The authors have studied preoperative chemotherapy for head and neck cancer since 1963, focusing on intra-arterial chemotherapy. The results obtained revealed that preoperative chemotherapy played an important role in the improvement of 5-year survival in maxillary sinus carcinoma and tongue carcinoma. However, functional and cosmetic damage after radical surgery has newly energed as problems to be resolved. The appearance of cisplatin has raised an important the level of effectiveness of cancer chemotherapy in recent years. Since the combination of cisplatin and bleomycin analogs revealed a remarkable synergistic effect in experimental chemotherapy, it has been used clinically as preoperative or preradiation chemotherapy for advanced Stage III and IV head and neck cancer. Under the above-mentioned circumstances, treatment for head and neck cancer has undergone various changes over the past twenty years. At present it is no exaggeration to say that the period in which dependence was placed on only surgery and/or radiation is over. The authors would like to emphasize that preoperative chemotherapy should be carried out as a part of multidisciplinary approach under a new concept of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy which includes not only preoperative chemotherapy but also preradiation chemotherapy. The role of preoperative chemotherapy, its current status and future prospects are discussed in this paper, looking back on the history of chemotherapy for head and neck cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Critical evaluation of the treatment-dependent prognosis index TPI based on the "prospective DOSAK study on squamous cell carcinomas of the lips, oral cavity and oropharynx"].

The "Treatment Dependent Prognostic Index" (TPI), which has been published by the authors in 1982 as a result of a retrospective observational study of the DOSAK (German-Austrian-Swiss Association for Head and Neck Tumors), is submitted to a critical review. For this purpose a sample of 1485 patients representing the "Prospective DOSAK-Study on Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lips, the Oral Cavity and the Oropharynx" were classified according to TPI. 13 TPI groups exhibited greater than or equal to 20 patients and were suitable for calculation of observed survival and comparison to their TPI prognoses. In 10 of 13 TPI groups observed and predicted survival are almost identical. 3 TPI groups show a considerable lack of correspondence between observation and prognosis. In general, the analyses revealed a high prognostic validity of TPI in its substantial parts. A further improvement of TPI by taking several tumor sites into consideration seems possible and will be a subject of future investigations.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗