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Managed-care pharmacy: an integrated MIS approach.

Administering a managed-care pharmacy means data, data and more data. Drug interactions, duplicate therapy and early refills need to be pinpointed. M Technology fills that prescription with ease.

Clinical Pharmacy Information Systems↗

Criteria-based adverse drug reaction reporting and the use of a relational database.

The criteria-based ADR reporting program at Shands Hospital has been successful. When the Joint Commission reviewed this program in January 1991, they were satisfied that it met their standards. Efforts are now focusing on improving the capture of ADRs, which will make the information available from the database even more valuable. Data from Shands Hospital will contribute to postmarketing surveillance, patient care, and staff education, and these data will influence drug usage evaluations and the formulary. Observations will be used to recommend alternate therapies to prevent ADRs as well as methods to manage reactions should they occur. The listing of criteria has facilitated the reporting of ADRs at Shands Hospital, and communication of the information has been greatly enhanced by the ADR database. Efficiency has been improved as a result.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗

Innovations in anesthesia pre-screening through data systems and telecommunications.

In summary, the anesthesia pre-screening concept along with the supporting computer systems allow for fingertip nursing informatics, data collection, and retrievability, providing the continuity of care so emphasized in health care today. Departmental efficiency is maximized in both processing and communicating the patient information for the caregivers through the up-to-the-minute accuracy and safety built into the data system. At this point in APS implementation, the scope of cost-savings has yet to be fully identified, yet the perception is that it is quite substantial. At the same time, recent research results confirm our hypothesis that the personal touch provided by APS phone screening and individual case management has improved patient safety, convenience, and satisfaction along with overall effectiveness. Since the CAPS system will grow in scope and complexity over the next few years, the system will be migrated to a clientserver configuration. Although "client-server" may be an overused term, its potential for improved data accessibility, integrity, and raw processing throughput is great once the field solidifies in this area. The addition of graphical user interfaces and natural language facilities will further enhance the ease of use of the system. In the near term, an on-line version of the Physician's Desk Reference will be added for use during patient calls. This computerized version offers speed as well as a more comprehensive searching ability as opposed to its tree-based cousin.

Anesthesia Department, Hospital↗

The computer in the consulting room. What can it do for the physician?

Helen Mawhinney, M.D., of McLure, Moynihan and Associates and the University of California-Los Angeles, and Brad Dodge of Health Communication Services Inc., write about the use of computer-based medical records and their effects on patient care, decision making and data generation.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗