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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Galactorrhea in a 12-year-old boy with a chromophobe adenoma.

A 12-year-old with galactorrhea is presented. He was in early puberty, had gynecomastia, and was markedly obese. Roentgenograms of the skull showed an asymmetrically enlarged sella trucica, but pneumoencephalography did not indicate suprasellar extension of the pituitary tumor. Preoperative studies of anterior pituitary function were normal except for persistent hyperprolactinemia. By transsphenoidal approach, a microadenoma of the pituitary was removed. Lactation ceased within a week, and four months postoperatively the patient had normal anterior pituitary function studies. A review of the literature indicates that galactorrhea in males is very rare. The most frequently documented cause, excluding drug ingestion, is a pituitary tumor.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed2001

Prevention of breastfeeding tragedies.

Although successful breastfeeding confers compelling advantages to infants and mothers, inadequate breastfeeding can result in critical infant failure-to-thrive and hypernatremic dehydration. Potential catastrophic infant outcomes can occur when enthusiastic promotion of breastfeeding outpaces necessary support services and management. Such cases often involve underlying maternal and infant breastfeeding risk factors, made deadly by parental and professional misconceptions and knowledge deficits or health care system failures. An early follow-up visit a few days after discharge allows at-risk infants to be identified before they lose excessive weight and at a time when intervention can easily correct most breastfeeding problems before they become complicated by insufficient milk. Those who enthusiastically promote breastfeeding for its many health benefits must confront the reality of breastfeeding failure and implement necessary changes in medical education and support services to foster successful outcomes in breastfed infants.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Management of common breastfeeding issues.

Breastfeeding provides ideal nutrition, growth hormones, and antibodies that change over time as growing infants' and children's needs change and provides these inexpensively, with no harm to the environment. Breastfed infants are healthier than other infants overall, and research indicates that the health benefits may continue on into adulthood. Increasingly, women are choosing to initiate breastfeeding in the hospital, but the attrition starts early and is dramatic. For women to meet their breastfeeding goals, physicians must not only give lip service to "breast is best" but also become knowledgeable in breastfeeding management and actively promote breastfeeding in their practices and in their communities.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2001

Prenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum support of the lactating mother.

Physicians must continue to improve their knowledge regarding lactation. Improved education will allow for alterations in standard practices that may deter breastfeeding. Presently known influences on successful breastfeeding should direct changes in clinic and hospital practices. Continued research into various aspects of care in and out of the hospital must be pursued to improve maternal-infant care and breastfeeding.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1986

Medical management of successful breast-feeding.

Despite the present climate of professional and lay enthusiasm for breast-feeding, many women experience problems in the initiation of lactation, either because of misinformation, secondary lactation difficulties, or primary failure of lactation. This article provides pediatricians with practical guidelines for the successful initiation of breast-feeding and the prevention and early detection of problems. Recommendations are made for optimal prenatal preparation for breast-feeding, intrapartum routines that facilitate lactation, appropriate early follow-up of nursing infants, and the management of the full normal course of breast-feeding.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Impact of new diagnostic methods on the differential diagnosis and treatment of secondary amenorrhoea.

The development of homologous prolactin assays, multiple pituitary stimulation, tomography, and computerised axial tomography permit more detailed investigation of patients with secondary amenorrhoea than was formerly possible. 39% of 90 patients with secondary amenorrhoea had hyperprolactinaemia. 10 patients (11% of total) had pituitary tumours. 8 of these women had galactorrhoea (27% of those with galactorrhoea). For patients with hyperprolactinaemia but no tumour, bromocriptine is the treatment of first choice rather than clomiphene or human gonadotrophins. The best treatment for patients with detectable tumour is controversial, particularly when the tumour is confined to the sella turcica. Whether or not these tumors are true neoplasms remains to be determined. Clinically, a history of secondary anemorrhoea with or without galactorrhoea following withdrawal of oral contraceptives remains the commonest presenting syndrome.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1978

The galactorrhoea-endometriosis syndrome.

A new syndrome consisting of galactorrhoea and endometriosis is described. Nine patients with endometriosis, eight of whom had galactorrhoea either at diagnosis or after treatment with danazol are reported. Prolactin concentrations were normal in seven patients. Galactorrhoea in a woman with regular menstrual periods should suggest a possible diagnosis of underlying endometriosis, especially if there is a history of dysmenorrhoea.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A dose response relation between improved lactation and metoclopramide.

In a placebo-controlled, cross-over study, thirty-seven puerperal women with inadequate production of breast-milk were treated with 5, 10, or 15 mg of metoclopramide three times a day for 2 weeks. Doses of 10 or 15 mg significantly raised maternal serum prolactin; they also increased breast-milk secretion by 42.5 +/- 34.7 (SD) ml and 50.0 + 35.9 ml per feed, respectively. This effect was unrelated to the phase of the puerperium during which treatment was started. The increase in milk secretion was associated with a decreased need for supplementary feeds, and 33% of the infants of these mothers needed no supplementary feeds during treatment. 5 mg doses did not stimulate prolactin milk secretion. Although placebo had no objective effect on the milk yield, 24% of the women judged its effect to be good, and 89% of women on metoclopramide reported a good effect. Seven women on metoclopramide and three women on the placebo complained of slight side-effects. No adverse effects upon the infants were observed. Metoclopramide therapy may be useful for improving poor lactation.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗