Induced emesis--a questionable procedure for the treatment of acute poisoning.
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Individuals who are overly conscious of their weight and those with eating disorders may induce vomiting and abuse laxatives and diuretics in order to lose weight. Self-induced vomiting may result in dental erosion, parotid and submandibular gland enlargement, oral and perioral trauma, pharyngeal and esophageal inflammation, aspiration and esophageal-gastric tears. Laxative abuse leads to digestive system complications such as cathartic colon and melanosis coli. All three purging methods lead to dehydration and electrolyte disturbances.
Acute accidental iron poisoning is a common serious and potentially fatal intoxication in the young child. Approximately 1 per cent of such poisoning have a fatal outcome, and outcome is closely related to the early onset of coma or shock. Long-term prognosis is excellent for all survivors of the acute episode, although there are occasional obstructive complications occurring four to six weeks later.
The authors have compiled a list of common household products and drugs that are frequently ingested by children and may be considered nontoxic unless taken deliberately or in large amounts. An understanding of the nontoxic ingestion should prevent overtreatment and decrease emergency room visits.
Toxicology is part of the core knowledge necessary for the practice of emergency medicine. The basic principles outlined in this article include initial emergency department treatment; prehospital management; the special problems of ocular and cutaneous exposures and inhaled toxins; the definitive treatment of ingested toxins; and the indications for discharge from the emergency department.
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Acute accidental iron poisoning is a common serious and potentially fatal intoxication in the young child. Approximately 1 per cent of such poisonings have a fatal outcome, and outcome is closely related to the early onset of coma or shock. Long-term prognosis is excellent for all survivors of the acute episode, although there are occasional obstructive complications occurring four to six weeks later.
We have compiled a list of common household products and drugs that are frequently ingested by children and may be considered nontoxic unless taken deliberately or in large amounts. An understanding of the nontoxic ingestion should prevent overtreatment, decrease emergency room visits, and allow physicians and poison control centers the opportunity to practice poison prevention. The reporting of all ingestions is encouraged to obtain information on the human experiment that occurs when a non-edible material is ingested. Only as we accumulate this knowledge will we be able to advise with a degree of certainty what treatment is needed.
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