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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

The hunt for renal hypertension.

The proportion of cases of hypertension with a renal cause which can be corrected by surgery is very small. Radiological diagnosis of such a cause is expensive and time-consuming; hence the rewards of intensive investigation are small compared with the cost. Measurement of plasma-renin offers a good method of selecting those patients who require further investigation, if the cut-off point is carefully considered in the light of the acceptable incidence of false-positive and false-negative results.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1995

A global witch-hunt.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2003

Predatory hunting and exposure to a live predator induce opposite patterns of Fos immunoreactivity in the PAG.

Considering the periaqueductal gray's (PAG) general roles in mediating motivational responses, in the present study, we compared the Fos expression pattern in the PAG induced by innate behaviors underlain by opposite motivational drivers, in rats, namely, insect predation and defensive behavior evoked by the confrontation with a live predator (a cat). Exposure to the predator was associated with a striking Fos expression in the PAG, where, at rostral levels, an intense Fos expression was found largely distributed in the dorsomedial and dorsolateral regions, whereas, at caudal levels, Fos-labeled cells tended to be mostly found in the lateral and ventrolateral columns, as well as in the dorsal raphe nucleus. Quite the opposite, insect predation was associated with increased Fos expression predominantly in the rostral two thirds of the lateral PAG, where the majority of the Fos-immunoreactive cells were found at the oculomotor nucleus levels. Remarkably, both exposure to the cat and insect predation upregulated Fos expression in the supraoculomotor region and the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus. Overall, the present results clearly suggest that the PAG activation pattern appears to reflect, at least partly, the animal's motivational status. It is well established that the PAG is critical for the expression of defensive responses, and, considering the present findings, it will be important to investigate how the PAG contributes to the expression of the predatory behavior, as well.

Aggression↗
PubMed2001

Chronicles of a switch hunt: gcm genes in development.

Co-conservation of sequence and function is an important principle during evolution. As a consequence, sequence-related genes often have similar functions in evolutionarily distant species. Enter the 'glial cells missing' (gcm) genes. They code for a small family of novel transcription factors that share DNA-binding properties and domain structure. However, no evolutionarily conserved function is apparent as yet. The prototypical gcm from Drosophila dominates nervous system development as a fate switch and master regulator of gliogenesis, whereas mammalian gcm genes have roles in placental morphogenesis and development of the parathyroid gland. Apparently, structure and function sometimes can go separate ways.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

High human exposure to lead through consumption of birds hunted with lead shot.

We assess lead contamination of Greenland seabirds killed with lead shot having studied thick-billed murre and common eider, the two most important species in the diet. The lead concentration is very high in meat of eiders killed with lead shot (mean 6.1 microg/g-wet wt, 95% CL 2.1-12). This level is about 44 times higher than in drowned eiders and eight times higher than in shot murres. Analyzing whole breasts instead of sub-samples reveals about seven times higher lead levels in birds' meat. We conclude that in some cases the lead intake by Greenland bird eaters will largely exceed the FAO/WHO tolerable lead intake guideline and that lead shot is a more important source of lead in the diet than previously estimated.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Microalbuminuria and all-cause mortality in 2,089 apparently healthy individuals: a 4.4-year follow-up study. The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), Norway.

BACKGROUND: To date, there are few large follow-up studies of apparently healthy subjects with microalbuminuria (MA). The aim of this study is to examine the association between MA and all-cause mortality in nondiabetic nonhypertensive individuals. METHODS: We conducted a 4.4-year mortality follow-up of 2,089 men and women (> or =20 years) without diabetes and treated hypertension, randomly selected from the population-based Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (1995 to 1997; n = 65,258). Main outcome measures were adjusted relative risk (RR) for all-cause mortality according to increasing albuminuria, defined at different albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) levels and in 1/2 or 3 urine samples. The main analysis was performed after exclusion of those with cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: There was a positive association between all-cause mortality and MA. The lowest ACR level associated with increased RR for mortality was the 60th percentile (> or =6.7 microg/mg [0.76 mg/mmol]; RR, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 5.2), applying 3 urine samples with an ACR greater than the cutoff level. We found a positive association between mortality and increasing numbers of urine samples with an ACR greater than different cutoff levels, in which 3 urine samples were superior. Results persisted after adjusting for several confounders and excluding individuals with untreated hypertension (systolic blood pressure > or = 140 mm Hg/diastolic blood pressure > or = 90 mm Hg) and those who died during the first year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Although this study confirms the association of all-cause mortality and ACR level in apparently healthy individuals, intervention trials are necessary before clinical cutoff levels of ACR are established and before screening programs are recommended.

Adult↗