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At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Modified step-cut osteotomy of the humerus.

Corrective osteotomy of the distal humerus for a posttraumatic cubitus varus was performed in 31 patients using a modified step-cut osteotomy. The average patient age was 14.3 years. Complete bony union was obtained between the 8th and 16th weeks. Twenty-one patients achieved excellent results, 7 achieved good results, and 3 achieved poor results on the basis of Oppenheim's criteria. Although the results for 28 patients (90.3%) were classified as excellent or good, 6 patients (19.3%) were subjectively disappointed due to bulging of the lateral condyle. We achieved an overall improvement in mechanical stability and established an easier technique in corrective osteotomy. However, this approach may not be appropriate if the correction angle desired is greater than 30 degrees.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Fracture and fracture separation of the proximal humerus in children: report of 136 cases.

The authors report 136 fractures involving the proximal humerus in children (two-thirds with fractures of the proximal metaphysis, one-third with fractures of the epiphyseal growth plate). Functional and anatomical results are studied in 52 patients with a mean follow-up of 5 years (range 1-18 years). The results are compared with reports in the literature. Usually, treatment should not be operative. Surgical approach in older children with irreducible lesions is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Giant cell reparative granuloma of the humerus.

A 14-month-old girl presented with a fracture through a giant cell reparative granuloma of the distal humerus. This is the first report of such a lesion in a long bone in childhood. Following curettage, the lesion healed with full restoration of elbow function and normal growth.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical lengthening of the humerus: case report and review.

This article reviews 12 cases of humeral lengthening accomplished by transverse midshaft osteotomy and gradual distraction by an external fixator attached to two half pins in the proximal and two half pins in the distal humeral fragments. Six cases were treated by second-stage (application plate, screws, and bone graft with removal of apparatus) and third-stage (removal of plate and screws) procedures. In the other six cases, the external apparatus was allowed to remain in place until the humerus united. There were few complications. There were no nonunions, delayed unions, malunions, or late fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ablation of the brachial plexus. Control of intractable pain, due to a pathological fracture of the humerus.

A case report is presented which illustrates the difficulties in providing control of intractable pain from pathological fractures of the humerus. Relief from large and frequent doses of systemic analgesics was found to be inadequate. Control was achieved using brachial plexus block with bupivacaine combined with absolute alcohol. The decision to partially ablate the plexus is considered to be justified by the improved quality of life which the patient enjoyed.

Brachial Plexus↗
PubMed1991

Osteochondroma of humerus in focal dermal hypoplasia (Goltz) syndrome.

Focal dermal hypoplasia (Goltz) syndrome was diagnosed in a 26-year-old female subject and her 5-year-old daughter. The mother had been treated surgically for syndactyly in early childhood, and at the age of 12 years had developed a large osteochondroma of the proximal humerus. This is a further bone tumour which should be added to the skeletal manifestations of this syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Fracture epiphyseal separation of the distal humerus.

Seven patients seen with fracture separation of the distal humerus epiphysis have been analysed for the problems linked with the radiological diagnosis of this injury. Peculiar male predominance, exclusive left-side involvement, consistent postero-medial displacement of the epiphyseal fragment and ability to achieve near anatomic reduction by closed manipulation in fresh cases have been some of the other features observed. The literature has been briefly reviewed for this infrequent and usually misdiagnosed injury.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Replacement of the proximal humerus in primary bone tumours.

BACKGROUND: Primary bone tumours have traditionally been treated by forequarter amputation. However, recent limb salvage techniques have become available which are comparable for tumour control and preserve a useful distal limb. This report describes the use of the Huckstep ceramic shoulder with ceramic spacers, non-vascularized fibular grafts and Huckstep nail with ceramic spacers. METHODS: Three techniques are described for the reconstruction of the humerus following primary tumour excision. The seven primary bone tumours in this series included three patients with osteosarcoma, two with chondrosarcoma, one with fibrosarcoma and one with an aneurysmal bone cyst. The mean age of the four males and three females was 27 years (range 18-57). Mean follow up was 8.8 years (range 1-18). The techniques used were the Huckstep ceramic shoulder prosthesis with spacers (three cases), non-vascularized fibular grafts (three cases) and the Huckstep nail with ceramic spacers (one case). RESULTS: One fibular graft required supplementary bone grafting and one patient with a shoulder prosthesis died of metastatic disease. The other five patients are well with a good range of shoulder abduction and external rotation. CONCLUSIONS: Limb salvage surgery of the upper limb is possible. Deltoid, rotator cuff and radial nerve functions can be preserved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Metastases from renal cell carcinoma to the humerus or the shoulder girdle.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical presentation of metastases in the scapula and/or humerus resulting from renal cell carcinoma and the courses of treatment available. PATIENTS: A series of 35 patients with humeral or scapular metastases from renal cell carcinoma, treated at The Norwegian Radium Hospital (NRH) during an 11-year period, is reviewed. Two case reports are examined in detail. RESULTS: The median survival was 12 months (range 1-88) from the time of diagnosis of metastasis. Three patients lived for more than 50 months. CONCLUSION: Owing to the relatively long survival time, especially in patients with limited tumour burden elsewhere and who are in a good general state of health, long-lasting palliative treatment of the humeral or scapular metastases is aimed for. Renal cell carcinoma tends to be resistant to radiotherapy, and early treatment, combining orthopaedic surgery and high-dose radiotherapy, is advocated.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Craniolateral approach to the humerus with transection of the brachialis muscle.

Six fractures of the midshaft or distal third of the humerus were repaired through a modified craniolateral approach in which the brachialis muscle was transected rather than retracted to improve exposure of the bone. The approach simplified fracture reduction and fixation. Normal fracture healing and excellent limb function resulted in each case.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The early evolution of the tetrapod humerus.

A tetrapod humerus from the Late Devonian of Pennsylvania has a novel mix of primitive and derived characters. A comparative analysis of this fossil and other relevant humeri from the Devonian shows that the role of the limb in propping the body arose first in fish fins, not tetrapod limbs. The functional diversity of the earliest known limbs includes several different kinds of appendage design. This functional diversity was achieved with a humeral architecture that was remarkably conserved during the Devonian.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Early hominid humerus from East Rudolf, Kenya.

A fossil hominid humerus discovered in 1970 by the expedition to East Rudolf, Kenya, led by R. E. F. Leakey is examined in comparison with a large series of extant hominoids. This comparison as well as a multiple discriminant analysis shows the uniqueness of the fossil among the hominoids.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed1991

Cartilage canals and lesions typical of osteochondrosis in growth cartilages from the distal part of the humerus of newborn pigs.

Vessels in cartilage canals supplying the articular-epiphyseal cartilage complex and growth plate of the distal part of the humerus of pigs between on day and 15 weeks old were examined in perfused and cleared specimens, and histochemical preparations. An extensive capillary network surrounded the arterioles and venules and probably maintained the circulation of blood as the ends of the cartilage canals underwent involution. Pits and grooves were in predilection sites for osteochondrosis and osteoarthrosis and were typical of early lesions of these conditions. Some ghosts that were observed mesoscopically were chondrified cartilage canals or remnants of cartilage canals in histological sections, and were considered to be the result of a normal process. However, abnormal involution may predispose to chrondrolysis, and the presence of involuting transverse cartilage canals at predilection sites implicated damaged canals in the aetiopathogenesis of osteochondrosis and osteroarthrosis in some pigs. Cleared specimens provided the most useful demonstration of the form and distribution of cartilage canals, ghosts, and pits or grooves. The association of cartilage canals with areas of chondrolysis, and the distribution of ghosts in the predilection sites for lesions, warrant further investigation of blood vessels within cartilage canals.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

New standards of cortical mass in the humerus of neonates: a means of evaluating bone loss in the premature infant.

The purpose of this study was to develop standards for quantitating bone loss in premature infants. Cortical measurements of the humerus, including the outside diameter (T), the inner diameter (M), the cortical thickness (C), and the cortical area (CA), were calculated for 132 newborn infants who weighed between 500 and 3,686 g and ranged in gestational age from 22 to 40 weeks. The measurements were correlated with the independent variables of gestational age and birth weight, and are presented graphically. With the method of cortical measurement described in this study, it may be possible to determine the causes of bone loss, and to find ways to correct it.

Birth Weight↗